Volume XXI.— No. 1.] CHICAGO, JANUARY 3, 1895. [Price $1.00 Per Year in Advance. THE POLYGLOT PETITION. For the Polyglot Petition see page 14, SINCE OUR LAST ISSUE. The Indian National Congress met at Madras last week, with 1,150 delegates and 3,000 visitors present. Ex-Secretary of State John W. Foster has gone to Japan to aid the Chinese representatives to bring about peace. Indiana college presidents, at their meeting in Indian- apolis Thursday, decided against inter-collegiate football games. The Turkish misrule in Armenia was eloquently de- nounced by Mr. Gladstone in a speech on his eighty-fifth birthday. Christina Georgina^Rossetti, poetess and daughter of an exiled Italian patriot, died at London, December 30, aged sixty-four years. A national initiative and referendum league has been organized within the Populist party^ with James H. Lath- rop, of Topeka, Kansas^ as president. The National committee of the Populist party assembled at St. Louis, Friday, to decide upon a plan for an educa- tional campaign in ’96 and the place of their annual meet- ing. Ex-police Captain Stephenson, the first conviction for bribery under the Lexow investigation, has been sentenced to three years and nine months’ imprisonment in Sing Sing and a fine of $1,000. The annual meetings of the Associated Historians of America, the American Folk-lore Society, the American Society of Church History and the Jewish Historical So- ciety were held in Washington. The municipal reform wave has rolled upon Chicago; the Civic Federation ha9 decided to investigate the Cook county board Tof commissioners and the grand jury has passed a resolution to investigate gambling. A large number of representative women were invited to meet in the New Mexican capital, Monday, at the time of the opening of the state legislature, for the purpose of organizing the New Mexican Equal Suffrage League. State Teachers’ Associations of Wisconsin, Iowa, Mich- igan, Indiana, Nebraska, South Dakota and Kansas have held their annual meetings. The Michigan teachers in ses- sion at Lansing declared in favor of free text-books and against teachers using tobacco. A meeting of the immigration commissioners for the various ports of the United States was called Friday at Ellis Island, N. Y., by Secretary Carlisle. The chief object was to agree upon rules governing the scrutiny of immi- grants with a view to keeping out the undesirable. The Turkish government has refused to accept United States Consul Jewett as a member of the Armenian inves- tigating commission with instructions to make a special report. Foreign members of the commission, however, are to be permitted to personally summon and interro- gate witnesses. The destitution prevailing in western Nebraska is terri- ble even in contemplation. For three successive years droughts have ruined the corn crops and the small ac- cumulation of food and clothing is now exhausted. In one county alone (Perkins) three thousand peoplo are actually starving. According to County Clerjt Wilcox, who lives at Grant, unless outside assistance is "speedily received, thf horrors of death by cold and starvation will result. The people are industrious and worthy in the best sense. They have carefully planted and tilled their crops but no rain descended to water and mature them, conse- quently all their faithful labor is lost to them and they are without the simplest necessities of existence. Mbs. Mary Clement Leavitt desires us to say that she has not intended to go to South America for the winter, but that she is at Yera Cruz, Mexico, and will return home to commence work at the beginning of May, 1895. Mrs. Leavitt’s address remains unchanged, care of Kidder, Pea- body & Co., Boston. Should any one wish the speqdier communication, however, address Mrs. Leavitt, care United States Consul, Vera Cruz, Mexico. That the Christmas tide does not bring peace and hap- piness to all is proven by a glance at the newspapers of December 26 each year. A few headlines in the Chicago dailies told the story. They ran in this wise; “Killed on Christmas,” “Day of Many Crimes,” “Patrol Wagons in Great Demand,” “Station Cells Full,” “Serious Fray from Christmas Drink,” “Tragic end of a Christmas Dinner,” etc. And yet this traffic is licensed and legalized by followers of the Christ whose birthday they celebrate, and such results are inevitable. It is the nature of the drink to dethrone reason and mercy and enthrone the demon of madness and cruelty. Cause and effect were never more indissolubly linked than a glass of liquor and a wanton act. An epidemio of falsehood concerning the situation in Portland, and other cities of Maine, is now flooding the metropolitan press, especially in New England. One reads ponderous statements peppered with statistics showing what a deadly failure is the prohibitory law and clamoring for its repeal, but the worst of it is that a large majority of those who read are not aware of what there is every reason to believe is the fact, namely: that these articles are paid advertisements. It is perfectly well known that during the constitutional Prohibition amendment cam- paign in Pennsylvania many of the Philadelphia daily papers gave whole broadsides of “facts” against Prohibi- tion which had all the appearance of being well-considered statements on the subject, and yet were known to be paid for, line by line, by the liquor dealers’ association. In these days every person of common sense will suspect every statement that he sees in favor of the liquor system, which is in itself “a covenant with hell and a compound with damnation.” ' Miss Willard wishes to have it impressed upon the minds of our white-ribboners that the round trip to the World’s W. C. T. U. Convention in June (14-21) at which time tne B. W. T. A. will also hold its annual meeting, requires special thought and planning throughout our constituency. She hopes that in many states the requi- site two hundred dollars will be raised to send those whom the executive committee may select, and that a large number of good men and women may make this the occasion of a trip abroad. To go so far, to see so much, and to have the trip, including hotel bills, for two hun- dred dollars, is an opportunity without a parallel. All men and women friendly to our work are entitled, to these special rates, and will please send their applications for information, etc., to Dr. Albert Shaw, editor Review of Reviews , Astor Place, New York city, marking the letters on the left hand top corner, “Pilgrimage Bureau.” There is no time to be lost in planning for this great whit® ribbon journey from which wo all expect so much good to come. We hope our members will use their utmost influence to secure the insertion of the statement made in this paragraph in the local press of their own towns, also in the denominational press of their own churches, and generally so far as possible to mix printer’s ink with the enthusiasm and noble purposes of the expedition. Do not let it be forgotten that the Polyglot Petition and the principles which it embodies form the nucleus around which will be grouped the dramatis personae of this move- ment which is but a prelude to the journey around tho world* The New York W.^j. T. U., led by the state president, Mrs. Mary T. Burt, is arrayed in active opposition against the reopening of bar rooms on Sunday. This campaign is occasioned by a bill now before the legislature for the legalizing of Sunday saloons. Among others prominent in this movement are Mrs. Frances J. Barnes, Mrs. Louise Demorest, Mrs. Clinton B. Fisk, Mrs. Jane Fowler Willing. Surely such women with their eloquent appeals for the protection of the home will touch the hearts of the Empire statesmen. It is interesting to analyze the vote by which justice was refused to women m Kansas at the last election through the defeat of the Constitutional Amendment, granting them full enfranchisement; it is well known that they have for years enjoyed the municipal ballot by legis- lative enactment. In the first place nearly seventy-four thousand men who voted for governor failed to vote on this issuey either pro or con. That is, a large per cent of the voting population in Kansas lack the sense of justice: the power to put themselves in the place of another; the consciousness that the Golden Rule is the only law of noble living. As to the men who voted, It appears that thirty thousand more Republicans vo^ed agai/ist en than for them, while eighteen thousand more Populists voted for than against. Ninety per cent of the Prohibi- tion vote was for the women; fifty-seven per cent of the Populist vote, thirty-three per cent of the Republican vote and twenty per cent of the Democratic vote were in our favor. It is well for women to know these percent- ages in making up their minds as to what they have to expect from old parties versus new ones. “Ho that hath ears to hear let him hear.” The heavenly powers that as we believe are guiding this world to a happier future have not left themselves without a witness to their purpose of helping us improve the government through the ingenious devices of the in- ventor. The Myers voting machine is declared by com- petent authorities to be a means of electoral reform. It has advantages over any ballot system as yet devised. Indeed, where it is used there is practically no chance of fraud and at the same time there will be a speedy return of the results of the voting. It has already been tried in many local elections with entire success and the voters of all parties in the towns and cities where it has been used are unanimous in its favor. It is stated that the Myers machine will permit five hundred voters to register their preferewces between six o’clock in the morning and four in the afternoon with perfect ease, and when the voting is over and the polls are closed the election inspectors will find the exact number of votes given to each candidate already tallied and registered so that they have only to describe the result and send it to headquarters. Watch- ers and canvassers may be continued for precautionary reasons but they will be useless under the Myers plan. In any city where it is put into operation the total vote for every candidate ought to be known within an hour after the polls have closed. It is declared by Mr. C. S. Smith, chairman of the New York executive committee of seventy which has just “cleared up” the Tammany ring, to be “as perfect a piece of human mechanism as can be constructed.” It would do away with ballots and “past- ers”; ballot clerks and cauvassers would be of no more use. This, of course, would be an immense saving in the election expenses. It now looks as if the Myers ballot box and tho Australian system of registration would so humanize the polls that the coming in of women as voters would be relieved of all the features with which conserva- tives have surrounded it in their thought and imagination and would be as simple a matter as the sending of a tele- phonic message. How true it is that “all things work to- gether for good” and “we cannot tell which shall prosper, this or that.” THE NEW YEAR. “The acceptable year jhe Lord.” BY W. EVANS DABBY, LL. D. O year of God, that prophet eyes foresaw, Paling earth’s glories with its milder sheen, Whose pulsing tides obey His spirit’s law, Whose nearing is by heavenly watchers seen; Come quickly, and this weary earth restore With love’s blest reign of peace for evermore! Too long have greed and guile the nations cursed, Debasing nature from its primal aim; Too long have men their brutal instincts nursed, Till cruelty has felt no touch of shame, And selfishness grew strong beyond control, “And froze the genial current of the soul.” The years of man have been the years of Cain, Long years of hatred and unbrotherhood, The race pursued by fratricidal pain, Till God’s new time shall bring the promised good, And from the past a grander epoch rise, Whofee joy shall spring from mutual sacrifice. The years of men have been the years of sin, Moulded by human passions from their birth, O year of God, with newer life begin, And shed thy bounties o’er this hate cursed earth! May slavery, war and kindred evils flee, And a new manhood all thy glories see! New Year of hope and blessing for mankind, Come with good tidings of a glorious spring! Freedom for slayes-whom social hatreds bind, And joy for broken-hearted mourners bring, So shall thy dawn be sung by souls forlorn, And all earth’s joy-bells greet thy natal morn. London , Eng. • PIERRE AND JEAN, TWINS, — 9 BY ELIZABETH OUMINGB. (Concluded,) ' Never before in all his life had Dr. Bassett had such a wonderful pupil as Peter, and as the months slid away into years and the boy became a tall fellow, the old minis- ter doctor would come to the shoe-shop and talk about the child’s future. “With education he will be a man of con- sideration. He has it in him to become a scholar, a minis- ter if he wills, or a doctor of medicine. And he is such a worker He will find a way if only you are willing.” Jean, for his part was all for the river. He wanted to be an engineer, and he began by learning to use the pad- dle and oar, and by working in old Sylvester Blondel’s mill. He did not want to go too far from home. Mon- treal was far enough, Quebec at the end of the world. The joy of his life in summer was the bit of garden be- hind the shoe-shop, where there were currants and a rhu- barb bed and a bed of pinks and balm. As for books, they made his head ache, especially his arithmetic. As for geography, he never would have learned any of it had not Father Gabriel tried teaching it to him in rhyme. When Peter was sixteen he was quite ready for college, and Dr. Bassett, who had no children of his own, agreed to lend him money for the first year. “When one’s eyes are open and one is willing to do anything that offers that is honest, there is always work,” he said encouragingly. “Maria,” said old Peter to his wife as they sat in the privacy of the back veranda looking at the pinks and the rhubarb bed, “our Peter is going to be a credit to us.” “And so is Jean,” said the mother. “Jean has a heart of gold.” “So has Peter,” said the father stoutly. “Peter’s head makes him slow to speak. But you will see he, too, has a heart when it is necessary.” “Jean’s head is quite as good only it is of a different kind. I never saw an old man wiser than he about plant- ing potatoes, and as for cabbages, he knows how to keep off the club root, and he is as clever as a fish on the river and strong as an ox. We’re lucky it is he who is to stay at home and Peter who is to go off into the States.” “It’s a great thing going to college,” said the father, thoughtfully. “Yes,” assented the mother. “I worry about nothing save his religion. If only he will remain a good lad.” “Eh, now, I am surprised at you,” said old Peter re- proachfully. “You from the states to say that, and about our boy — our own boy.” Five years ran by, then six, seven, and Peter remained THE UNION SIGNAL. in the states, working at all sorts of things;. now in a shop, now on a farm, now in a counting-room, and then going on with his college work. Once a month he wrote to his father. That seemed often enough, and naturally as the time lengthened the home-folk seemed more and more shadowy. It had been a struggle and taken all there was in him to gain what he had, but now the hardest was over and he would take his degree in a few months. 80 much for the history which brings us to the beginning of the story. It was into this feeling of relief and security that a letter from Father Gabriel brought the news that his father had had a stroke of paralysis, and that his brother, Jean, who, in all his life had never been ill, was in the agonies of inflammatory rheumatism. All night, back and forth like a caged lion, Peter walked in his narrow bedroom, not to disturb Lummy Yates in the room just beyond. With a vision of his home and the love that had been lavished upon him in it, came a pic- ture of the river always going, going, and the great bridge hanging above it like a web. The narrow, dusty, sleepy street, the talk about trifles, the petty economies, the lack of space save out under the sky, how it all came up. Then he would tell himself that his father must have grown old in those seven years. Yes, seventy-five, and the mother, never strong, was far toward fifty. “Dr. Bassett fears that your brother is going to be left helpless,” Father Gabriel had written. “It is an awful stroke for the lad.” It was cold. The fire had long since gone out in the little parlor he shared with Lummy Yates, but sweat stood on Peter’s forehead. It was hard for him, too, for never once had he two opinions as to what he must do. He must make an explanation of some sort to the faculty, pay his bits of debts and go, which he did. Five years later Lummy Yates stopped off at the little village opposite Lachine. There was some land there that had come td him by inheritance, and Lummy, always practical, wanted to know what it was like. It was June and the tall white lilies were open in Father Gabriel’s gar- den. As Lummy walked up the street he saw a familiar figure coming out of the priest’s gate. It was Peter La Mell, Yes; there was no mistake. Lummy forgot Peter's reserve. Now that he was out in the world, the men he had known at college were almost like relatives. - He hurried up, and Peter after one look also hurried. They shook hands long and hard. “You must come with me,” said Peter. “I am the village doctor. I went down to Montreal two winters, and I studied there. Oh, but it will do Jean good to see you.” Jean, strangely twisted up and prematurely old from suffering, lay in a wheeled chair on the Sunny vetanda. The old shoemaker’s shop had been drawn away from the street back among the pinks and balm, and a porch had been built along its front-, and there were daisies and polyanthus and pausies for Jean to look at. Father La Mell was out too. He had suffered a second shock and could no longer speak, only babble. But Peter brought his old chum straight up to him. “He knows, father does,” he explained. “It is only the power of control that is lost.” Mother La Mell wanted Peter within for simple house- hold task. Lummy Yates sat down between the old man and Jean and fanned himself with his hat. Jean’s eyes shone. “Oh,” said he, “I’m glad you’ve come. Perhaps you thought you knew my brother in college. You did in a way, but it is in his home a man shows. He hovers us all as a mother bird does her young. He gave up — things — ” Jean f$lt far more than he could phrase, “to come back to us. But he says it was nothing, only a New Year’s resolve he had. He might have been a great man if he had not thought so much of us. When he first came he supported us making shoes.” Prosperous Lummy Yates felt a bunch in his throat. “My dear fellow,” said he putting his plump hand caress- ingly upon Jean’s thin one, “no man ever began to be great by neglecting his own. And,” he coughed, it was really embarrassing that lump, but it would come when he recollected just what prospects Peter relinquished, “after all it is not necessary to be great.. It is only neces- sary to be true.” Belvidere , III. . THE ENGLISH CRADLE OF THE TEMPERANCE RE- FORM. BY FRANCES E. WILLARD. I wonder how many intelligent American temperance workers could answer this question: What town in Eng- land is as well known as “the cradle of the British tem- perance movement” as Hillsboro, O., is as the oradle of the women’s temperance crusade? Probably in England no temperance worker of fair in- telligence would fail to give this prompt reply: The good old town of Preston, where Joseph Livesey lived and died. Mr. Livesey is looked upon as the father of the total January 3, 1895. abstinence movement, he having founded a temperance society in his adult Sunday-school, January 1, 1832, which merged into the present famous temperance society of Preston, March 22, of the same year. Having organized, they held their first meeting in the Cock-pit, where the “sporting aristocracy” had been wont to fight their mains with cocks and make their bets on the result. The build- ing is a hundred years old or more, and the abomination of these fights used to go on in the week when the Preston horse races were run. The Cock-pit was so near the par- ish church that on a hot day when the windows were open many a goocl temperance man has distinctly heard the yells, oaths and curses that issued therefrom while he was standing at the altar of God. But the evil spirit was driven out at last, and the old Cook-pit became a center of reform work. The fact that the first teetotal society originated in a Sunday-school class is of special interest to Christian people. If each class in every Sunday-school in the wide world were to-day the center of total abstinence example and influence the temperance reform would take a forward stride longer than it has ever yet achieved. It seems that Joseph Livesey, who was a tradesman, philanthropist, public speaker and writer, and a temper- ance man, was one of those who fought his way through difficult conditions to. success. He says that the cellar was his college and the breast-beam his reading desk. He studied by the dim flicker of the fire, being unable to procure the luxury of a candle, for he was a weaver lad, who at tfce age of seven was left fatherless, motherless, sisterless and brotherless to make his way. It required no 6mall strength of character to take the position, in 1833, that the nutritious and strengthening properties of beer and porter were a delusion, but he studied for himself and found this to be true, and having found it he went forth to village, town and city, with his blackboard, chalk, barley scales and weights, and demon- strated to the people that there was more nutrition in a penny loaf than in a gallon of beer. More than a hun- dred thousand copies of this lecture, entitled “The Grand Delusion,” were circulated in the United Kingdom and in America. He not only organized the first teetotal society in this country but founded the Temperance Advocate, the first exclusively teetotal paper, and afterward founded The Struggle , a weekly paper which advocated the aboli- tion of corn laws, for Mr. Livesey was an all-round re- former, and finally established The Preston Guardian , in 1844, which still lives in the enjoyment of a well won eminence. When he was seventy-six years old, in a severe illness, and all hope of recovery was said to be gone unless he would drink brandy, although unable to move hand or foot, he whispered to his son, “Raise me up and let me tell them that whether I die or not I will not drink the stuff.” He did not drink it but lived on fifteen years longer. • It is not professed that Preston stands preeminent in the temperance reform, but that it is the first town in which the teetotal pledge was signed. It is also bold that the first moderation society was organized in Preston in 1829. The expression, “the seven men of Preston,” is a household word in England, for the pledge was first taken by that golden number. This is the pledge they signed: We agree to abstain from all liquors of an intoxicating atunre, whether ale, beer, wine or ardent spirits, except as medicine. Around these so-called “seven men of Preston,” gathered in the course of time a legendary halo. Six months after this teetotal pledge was signed the moderation society adopted it but it was not without great searchings of heart resulting in long continued discussion and strong disagreement that this vantage ground was gained. No effort was spared to crush out the temperance men; they were treated with obloquy, satirized as Utopian dreamers, and the bitterest opposition of all was visited upon them by the members of the church and the medical profession. The movement owed everything to the genial personality of its founder, Mr. Livesey; he was not content with speaking in public but had a regular system of visiting from house to house, especially on Sundays. When he entered a home he would say in his pleasant, smiling man- ner, “Good-morning, will you please have a temperance tract?” or “Have you any teetotalers living here?” He never sought the society of the rich, but toiled on amongst the poor and working classes, and he was wont to invite teetotalers from their ranks to take tea with him. His constant injunction to temperance workers was, “We must do more visiting. Without frequent visit ation, my private opinion is, no temperance society can be in a prosperous condition.” It should be carefully remembered that his hand wrote the first pledge, his head planned the first arrangements, his heart inspired the visiting department which was the life-blood of the society; he was its great organizer, its life, spirit, its presiding genius, its guiding, directing, controlling intelligence. Not only is Preston the birthplace of teetotalism, but January 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (3) 3 there was formed what was in reality the first Band of Hope, though it did not then take that name. On the 18th of April, 1831, the pledge of total absti- nence from all intoxicating liquors was agreed to and signed by one hundred and one youths, who, following in the wake of Joseph Livesey and his comrades, were anx- ious to be the first to establish an entire abstinence so- ciety. Facts such as these should be familiar to all who are devoting themselves to temperance reform, and for this reason I have collated them from documents placed in my hands when I visited Preston, Feb. 1 and 2, 1891. Those brave women of Preston have recognized the fact that there is no historic monument in their beautiful town in honor of the greatest reform of the age, and have decided to ask their sisters to help them erect such a monument in the form of a memorial building which shall do honor to the cause and from whose rentals they can derive a fund for the promotion of the work. So much for Preston and our pleasant visit, with a parting injunction to every temperance worker who goes to the mother country to attend the World’s Convention next June to go and do likewise. THE MOTHER-SPIRIT. BY BEV. W. HOWATT GARDNER. It was not by accident that the history of the human race began with the history of the family life. It was the family, with human authority invested in married man- hood and womanhood, that was to 6ubdue the earth and have dominion over it. The Bible does not represent the male portion of the family as acting solely alone in gov- ernment, but associates with him the female portion as an equal participant in all affairs that vitally concern them both. The male and the female, representing in the family life fatherhood and motherhood, were both made in the image of God. “So God created man (Humanity) in His own image, in the image of God created He him; male and female created He them.” Both were equally endowed with those qualities of mind and heart, which, through intelligent cooperation, were to provide right and just government for the race. The most highly developed family life as the unit and ideal of society is, to a considerable degree, emphasized by the fact that the Godhead is revealed to men through the family idea. As the family on earth, naturally begot- ten, invblves fatherhood, motherhood and childhood, so the “family of heaven,” spiritually existent, is presented to us as involving Fatherhood, Childhood, or Sonship, and, we would say, Motherhood. One of the earliest and distinctive revelations made by Christ at His coming was that of God as the Father, while Christ took His place with us as one of us, a Son, our “Elder brother,” as Paul speaks of Him, of “the household of God.” While much is thus declared concerning Fatherhood and Sonship, little is clearly discerned in the Scriptures con- cerning the Motherhood of the Godhead. But may not this be discovered in the offices of the Holy Spirit, the third person of the Godhead? The Holy Spirit is represented as active both in gener- ation and regeneration; as the giver and sustainer of life. In the creation of our world we read that “the spirit of God moved (or brooded) upon the face of the waters”; when the “earth was without form and void; and dark- ness was upon the face of the deep.” It is the Holy Spirit who gives the new, spiritual life. “Except a man be born of water and of the Spirit, he cannot enter into the king- dom of God.” The characteristics of the Holy Spirit are more largely those that belong to motherhood, qualities of the heart. The very name by which the Spirit is best known, “the Comforter,” or Paraclete, expresses those qualities of per- son that persuade, entreat, win. In the spiritual realm the Holy Spirit is represented as teaching, leading, guid- ing into truth, purifying, sanctifying “the household of God.” The Father sends forth His commands, His word, but they are no more His than they are the Holy Spirit’6. Both God the Father, and the Holy Spirit, representing motherhood in the Godhead, are seen to be mutually en- gaged in the work of redeeming the world. The fulness of life is not given by the Father alone, but by the Father and the Spirit. It is true that men are accustomed to speak of the Spirit as “He,” but as a fact the Greek word translated “spirit” is a neuter word and expresses nothing as to sex. The Spirit might more appropriately be designated by the feminine personal pronoun “she.” Human nature in its best aspects exists complete in the family life. But no family life is complete when one only, and that one the father, holds supreme authority. Only as both mutually hold authority and intelligently codperate will the highest ends of the family life be served, and the well-being of society secured. In the most highly developed and best regulated family circles we find that which society ought to be. In such families we find in full exercise the finest social instincts and spiritual qualities of human nature, courtesy, love for one another, deference to the wishes of each other, and yet the highest liberty for all. Action is governed with reference to others, and is not prompted by selfish impulse; the concern of one becomes the concern of all. But such family existence can never be where one is a master and the other a menial. It was never intended that the male half of the human race should monopolize all powers of government in the family and in the nation. The past has missed much in excluding the female half of the race from direct participation in the discussion and regulation of all those questions that pertain to the pro- tection of the home. The salvation of the home means the salvation of the nation. The life of the nation will be purer only as motherhood is accorded equally with father- hood her rightful place in national representation. The social world is practically “without form and void,” or chaotic. Social regeneration will not become the fact until motherhood receives her God-given right to legislate on all questions that threaten the integrity of the home. The Holy Spirit, the motherhood of the Godhead co- operates with God, the Father, in the common work of spiritually redeeming humanity. But the divine powers work through human means. As rapidly as motherhood is more and more directly employed with fatherhood in the common work of rescuing the home will society become the purer. The questions of the “age of consent,” divorce, increasing social vice, intemperance, are quite as much, if not more, the concern of women as of men. The ballot in the hands of women is the most potent means by which the power of womanhood may “make for righteousness.” As long as the right of petition only is given to woman she receives little consideration from legislators; the ballot is the power that commands respect. The Biblical picture of the first family life is still largely an ideal. Both father and mother received equal responsibilities and duties with respect to government; one was the counterpart of the other, rather than the inferior of the other; of both God said, “Let us make man (humanity) in our image, after our likeness,” father- hood and motherhood, and to them both, without restric- tion, God gave “dominion . . over all the earth.” The condition that actually prevails to-day differs much from this picture. The male feature of the humau family assumes to be of superior origin, knowing positively his rights, and as positively ignoring, or suppressing the ex- ercise of the rights of her who was made his counterpart. But this supposed superior origin of masculinity is an assumption based on his greater physical strength, where- as the likeness of God, or the Godhead, wherein men and women were made, consists of the powers of mind and heart, and in these alone is the guarantee of righteous government invested. It is often said that woman is so much more spiritual than man, that her virtues are of such a higher order, she should therefore abstain from the ballot lest the higher qualities of her nature be contaminated. But it is an infusion of just these higher qualities of womanhood that are needed to purify the political life of the nation. The spiritual forces, the qualities of the heart as well as those of the mind should find their expression at the bal- lot box. In the public expression of opinion in the casting of the ballot the husband is supposed to represent correctly the desires of his wife for a better protection for the home, when as a fact very few husbands think of the home.at all as an important institution for which to leg- islate. He is moved more by partisan considerations than by family conditions. He would prefer to vote for further naval defences than to vote for the defence of his fireside. With the exception of a few communities the wife is positively denied the right of citizenship and to the exercise of that personal responsibility that the Bible represents as hers in the beginning. When the mothers of the nation are allowed to partici- pate equally with the fathers in government we will ap- proach very closely to the position marked out at the beginning, for the government of a nation is, after all, but the government of families. Newton Centre , Mass. “WHEN DOCTORS DISAGREE.” I. BY KATE 0. BUSHNELL, M. D. The various interpretations put upon that portion of Scripture which relates to women “praying or prophesy- ing uncovered,” afford interesting reading. The passage will be found in I. Cor. 11:1-16, and I urge that those women who are interested in the matter will open their Bibles and study the lesson with me. There are few passages of Scripture concerning which greater diversity of opinion has been expressed. Let us, for instance, contrast the comments of Dean Stanley and Bishop Lightfoot. As to the very object of the apostle in bringing up the topic for consideration, they contra- dict each other in the following language:* SAYS DEAN STANLEY: “The practice [of men veiling] is attacked, not because it existed at Corinth, but for the sake of illus- trating the practice of women.” SAYS BISHOP LIGHTFOoT: “It certainly may be inquired whether he so much urgeth the veiling of women as reproves the veiling of men. However, by this fit argument he will chastise that contrary custom [veiling] and foolishness of man.” One commentator declares the object to be an attack on the practice of women unveiling , the other, an attack on the practice of men veiling. As to verse 4, “Every man praying or prophesying hav- ing his head covered dishonoreth his head,” they differ again as to the reason why the act is dishonoring to Christ. STANLEY. “Dishonors his head by an un- seemly. effeminate practice, and thereby Christ.” LIGHTFOOT. “A man praying covered, an ashamed of his face before God. disgraceth his head, Christ, who himself carried the like face of r. man.” One says the dishonor lies in doing an “effeminate” thing, the other in “being ashamed of his face.” As to the phrase, “dishonoreth her head”: STANLEY. “Man is the reflex of the glory of God; woman is a reflex of the glory, not of God, but of man.” LIGHTFOOT. “A woman praying not veiled, as if she were not ashamed of her face, disgraceth man, her head, while she would seem so beautiful beyond him, when she is only the glory of the man; but man is the glory of God.” Herein both these learned men agree that those of their sex are “the glory of God,” while those of the other sex only get their glory from men. It is a little puzzling to understand how the woman could seem, in Bishop Light- foot’s words, “so beautiful beyond” man when she is merely the reflex of his glory. The moon is the reflex of the glory of the sun; does it need to cover itself lest it shine beyond the glory of the sun, and thus reflect dis- honor on the sun? Perhaps woman should be “ashamed of her face,” because, if unveiled, it shines forth to the detriment of the theological theory of its having only a glory reflected from man’s face, and it is a shame that nature should thus be allowed to contradict dogma. Bishop Lightfoot should have explained, moreover, most carefully, which head it is the woman’s duty to be ashamed of. She has two, one on her body and her husband, and the Bishop would not like women veiling under a mis- taken notion that being “so beautifulbeyond him,” she must, when praying or prophesying, wear a token of her shame at the plain looks of her spouse. The two differ, indeed, as to the very meaning oi a veil. Dean Stanley pronounces it “the mark of man’s dominion over her.” Bishop Lightfoot calls the veil “a sign, indeed, of 6hame, but not of subjection” — “of shame that woman first brought sin into the world.” Further, SAYS STANLEY: “The woman is to appear with her head, the symbol of her hus- band, not defrauded of that seemly covering which nature suggests by the long tresses which it has given her.” SAYS lightfoot: “The apostle, therefore, does not at all chide this making bare the face [by women] absolutely considered.” There is a startling divergency in opinion here, Dean Stanley taking the ground that women are not to appear unveiled; Bishop Lightfoot, that the apostle “does not chide making bare the face.” It is remarkable how it is agreed upon by many commentators that “long tresses” are given by nature to women only, while the world is peopled mostly with long-haired men as well as women. How does a Chinaman become possessed of long hair excepting by the same method — nature — that an Ameri- can woman does? Those who are familiar with the sort of veiling common in Egypt and the Holy Land — when seen in the latter place— cannot but recall it as a gro- tesque parody on a full-bearded face. The veil does not cover the eyes and forehead, but hangs (a piece of black cloth) from the cheek-bones downward. “Nature sug- gests” this sort of veil not by hair hanging from a wom- an’s head backward one-half so much as by whiskers on a man’s face. Again: STANLEY. “As all his outward manifesta- tions have reference to God, so all hers have reference to man.” LIGHTFOOT. “Regard is had [in veiling] to something that belongs to the woman in respect to God, rather than in respect to her husband.” One refers the custom of veiling to a matter of wom- an’s relation to man, the other to woman’s relation to God. It is difficult to understand how woman could ever get the blessing promised to those of “single” eye (Matt, 0 :22), if even in times of prayer she is to see to it that “all her outward manifestations ‘have reference to man.’ ” Does duty bind women then (like the hypocrites, Matt. 6:5) to pray “that they may be seen of men” when they do pray in public places? Again: are women to be in subjection only at prayer-time and in preaching? If not, why ought they not to go perpetually veiled as a sign of continual subjection? The most difficult verse to deal with, according to com- mit will be necessary in some of these extracts to slightly condense from the original, but by reference to Dean Stanley’s “Notes on the Epistles to the Corinthians,” and Lightfoot’s “Hebrew and Talmudic Exercitations,” it will be seen that no injustice has been done them thereby. ‘‘i! > l ■■ 4 (4) THE UNION SIGNAL. Januaby 3, 1895. mentators, is the tenth. Literally translated it reads: “For this cause ought the woman to have authority over her head,” etc. Of this DEAN STANLEY SAYS: BISHOP LIQHTPOOT ANSWERS. [The veil is] “a sign indeed of shame, bui not of subjection.” “If it were so argued by him [Paul], then ‘Let not a man pray but with his head covered, be- cause he is subject to Christ.’ ” “The general sense of this text, as gathered from the context, can be nothing more or less than an assertion of the subordination of the woman to the man.’’ “The woman ought to bear upon her head the mr.rk of man’s dominion over her.” The claim, on the part of Dean Stanley and many oth- ers, is that somehow the tenth verse must be a command for women to veil as a sign of subordination, although the verse does not at all say so. He draws his proof from the “context,” that is, from the statements that “the head of the woman is the man,” “the woman is the glory of the man,” and “the woman,” was created “for the man.” It is curious to note that these varieties of expression, “head of,” “glory of,” “created for,” come but to one thought in the eyes of male commentators; that is, “subordinate to.” It is possible to conceive that “head” means “leader,” not “driver”, that “glory of” means that man ought to glory in the public career of women; and even that the reason that the woman was “created for” the man is be- cause the only help meet for him is some one to usurp authority and drive him into the path of righteousness. I do not declare this to be the meaning of these expres- sions, but only as not contradictory to their meaning; which shows that they all cannot be summed up in the single thought of “subordination.” Dean Stanley and Bishop Lightfoot do not at all agree as to the meaning of this tenth verse; they each give a version of their own in the following words: STANLEY. “The woman ought to bear upon her head the mark of mau’s do- minion over her.” LIGHTFOOT. “Let her bare her face if she will” . . . “let her veil it if she will.” The last phrase of the tenth verse, “ because of the an - gels,” has also received at the hands of commentators the widest possible differences in interpretation. Bishop Lightfoot believes “angels” in this expression means “messengers of espousals” sent to the places of*Christian worship to find wives for young men, and declares the meaning of the verse to be, she “hath such a power of uucovering her face before these angels [or messengers] who come to espouse her, when otherwise by the custom of the nation it were not lawful.” Dean Stanley, on the other hand, propounds the remark- able theory, which originated with Tertullian, that to women is to be attributed not only the fall of men, but the fall of angels, and that hence women cannot be trusted to come in contact with them. Bishop Lightfoot applies the passage more especially to the conduct of unmarried maidens, Dean Stanley to married women: STANLEY. “The authority oi the husband is, as it were, enthroned visibly up- on her head in token that she be- longs to him alone, and that she knows no allegiance to any one be- sides, not even to the angels who stand before the throne of God.” LIGHTFOOT. “Let her bare her face, if she will, that she may appear beauti- ful; let her veil it, if she will, that she may appear modest. She hath full power in her own hands to promote her own espousals.” To those conscientious women who put confidence in the comlnentary as they do in the very Word itself, it will be a matter of real regret to be forced to believe that women are at the bottom of all the mischief done, not only among men, but among angels also. In Bpite of Dean Stanley’s teaching that women are to obey men only, and to know “no allegiance to any one besides, not even to the angels,” I fear that woman, what- ever her training and preconceptions, no matter how obe- dient by nature and inured to subjection, might, like tho ass that belonged to Balaam, even if under the master’s lash, balk at the apparition of an angel in the pathway, and the teaching turn out to be of no account after all in an emergency! But does suoh teaching of insubordination to angels accord with the Word of God? Supposing Sarah and Hagar and the wife of Manoah and the Virgin Mary and Mary Magdalene, had acted according to such instruction? In the latter case, at any rate, had Mary Magdalene been disobedient to the word of the angel at the sepulchre, what would have become of the very gospel itself? London, Eng. THIRD BIENNIAL CONVENTION OF THE WORLD’S W. C. T. U. The Call To Prayer. The third biennial Convention of the World’s Woman’s Christian Temperance Union will be held, in connection with the annual meeting of the British Women’s Temper- ance Association, in Queen’s Hall and Exeter Hall, Lon- don, June 14 to 21, 1895. In view of the custom to hold a service of prayer pre- vious to such conventions, and as superintendent of the evangelistic department of the World’s Woman’s Chris- tian Temperance Union, I hereby call upon the white- ribboners of the world to set apart Saturday and Sunday, May 18 and 19, as days of praise and prayer. Although but twenty-one years have passed since upon the women of the Crusade fell the divine fire, yet this heaven born enthusiasm has spread from America to Canada and Great Britain, thence to Australia, South Af- • rica, Japan, India, China, the Hawaiian Republic and round tho world. It is fitting, therefore, that we offer united praise to God for the way in which He has led us in the past, and tho blessing of the present. Realizing the great possibilities of the future: that our field is the world; that multitudes are still enthralled by alcohol, opium and impurity; realizing also, our profound helplessness and dependence upon the God of nations, let us draw near to Him for a fresh anointing of the Spirit, confess our failures and mistakes, and consecrate our- selves anew to His service. PROGRAM FOR LOCAL UNIONS. Saturday, May 18, 1895, From 2 to 5 p. m, FIRST DIVISION FROM 2 TO 3:30. SUBJECT: PRAISE. Scripture Lesson — Ezekiel 47 : 1 to 10. Hymns— “Coronation,” “How Firm a Foundation,” “Blest Be tho Tie that Binds.” Praise for the blessings upon our work. For its won- drous growth , as pictured in this vision of Ezekiel — “A river of influence which has spread, until the world is refreshed by tho life-giving waters, and its trees are for the healing of the nations.” Praise for the increased recognition of woman’s place and power. For the prac- tical beauty in the religious teachings of the day; the creeds and traditions are giving way to the simplicity of the Christ-life of love and self-sacrifice. Praise for the growing sense of individual responsibility, and the strengthening of the tie which binds all men in a sacred brotherhood. second division FROM 3: 30 to 5. SUBJECT: THE PREPARATION OF HEART. Scripture Lesson — Psalm 24. Hymns— “Gently, Lord, Oh, Gently Lead Us.” “Nearer to Thee.” “If we had but a day.” Earnest prayer for the coming conventions in London. For the president and officers of the World’s Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and the president and offi- cers of the British Women’s Temperance Association. For superintendents of departments, evangelists, our round-the-world missionaries, all delegates and the city of London in which we gather. Prayer for wisdom and har- mony. For the removal of all friction, selfishness, pride and misunderstanding, and a baptism of love which shall unite our hearts and renew our zeal and courage. Prayer for the home, the church, the nations of the world. For the overthrow of intemperance, impurity, war, oppression, and the reign of purity and peace. Prayer for the homeless, the weary and broken-hearted. For thoso who struggle amid poverty and temptation, and for the rich and pros- perous, that they may see the golden opportunity for per- sonal ministry. Prayer for the youth and children and for ourselves , that we may have a fresh vision of His face and a baptism of power from on high. Mass Meeting, Saturday, May 18, 7:30 p. m. program. Hymn — “Give to the Winds Thy Fears.” Scripture Lesson — Psalm 146, Crusade Psalm. Prayer. Hymn — “Christ for the World we Sing.” Address — Sketch of tho World’s Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. Address — Twenty-one Years of Temperance Work. Hymn — “While the Days are Going by.” Address — The Outlook. Doxology and Benediction. Sunday, May 19, 1895. Arrangements for Sunday services are left with the local unions. Where possible let a union church service be held, or urge each pastor to preach on that day a sermon upon the evils of intemperance and tho work of tho Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. The hymns used are numbers 149, 117, 123, 92, 127, 79, 108, 7, 133, from the White Ribbon Hymnal. Will all presidents of unions, evangelistic superintend- ents, and members of the press give this call to prayer the widest publicity, that with one heart and voice we may turn to God? Elizabeth W. Greenwood, Superintendent Evangelistic Dept . NATIONAL COUNCIL OF WOMEN. Dear Union Signal: — To women working in lines of missionary effort the first two days of the triennial of the National Council of Women at Washington, D. C., will be of great interest. On the evening of the 18th of February <he time will be divided between the Woman’s Foreign Missionary Union of Friends and the National Free Baptist Woman’s Missionary Society. This latter organization is one of the very oldest of women’s societies, having been organ- ized in 1843. It will be represented upon this occasion by two of its ablest workers and speakers. Mrs. Frances Stewart Mosher, upon “The Ethical Adjustment of Wo- man’s Home and Sociological Duties,” and Mrs. Emeline Burlingame Cheney, upon “Practical Christian Living.” Mrs. Eliza C. Armstrong, who will speak upon “The Relation of Religion to Public Duties,” is known among the Friends as one of their very best speakers. Tuesday evening, February 19, will bo occupied by the Woman’s Centenary Association of the Universalist church and by the National Council of Jewish Women. The Cen- tenary is many years old, — the Counoil of Jewish Women is an outgrowth of the World’s Congress of Representa- tive Women of the Exposition year. Rev. Lorenza Haynes (Universalist) will give an address on “The Relation of Religion to Public Duties,” and “The Exact Attitude of each of the Leading Religious Denomi- nations toward Woman’s Growing Service in the Church” will be treated by a speaker not yet decided upon. Some fine subjects are upon that part of the program occupied by the Jewish Council, namely, “Social Obliga- tions of Religion,” by Miss Sadie, American correspond- ing secretary of the Council of Jewish Women; “Tho Function of Women in Religious Life,” and “Greek and Hebrew Genius-Influence on Christianity and Civiliza- tion” by speakers whose names are not yet announced. The morning sessions of these two days will be equally interesting, the first being given to tho formal opening of the National Council triennial, presentation of delegates, and greetings of fraternal delegates from associations not in membership in the Council. Tuesday morning will be- gin the sessions in which the time will be largely given to free discussion by the members of the triennial, each subject for discussion being presented formally in half hour address by a specially invited speaker. The topics of Tuesday are" “The Influence of Women in Bringing Religious Conviction to Bear upon Daily Life,” presented by Mrs. Minnie D. Louis, who spoke so acceptably at the W7orld’s Congress of Representative Women, and “Wom- an’s Mission to the Church as Minister and Missionary,” by Mrs. Eliza C. Armstrong. Each of these topics will be discussed for one hour, exclusive of tho time occupied by the main addresses mentioned. Rachel Foster Avery. Philadelphia , Pa. BLOWING UP HELLGATE. Dear Union Signal: — Seeing an article in your paper speaking of names of liquor saloons, it reminded me of some I have seen in the past. I can only mention two. One was called “The Shades,” and it was appropriate, as the shadow always falls on all who enter thero. But to be brief, I would call your attention to a brewery in upper New York, called “Hellgate Brewery,” becauso it is built along the narrow stream that was so full of rocks before the government blew it up with dynamite some years ago. When the bed of the river was undermined for a great distance and loaded with dynamite all was connected by wires and then went to a battery on shore. It was adver- tised to be blown on a certain day and hour; the writer was on the New York side to see the explosion, with thou- sands more all over the hills and buildings. A little child touched the button, the little daughter of the principal engineer, and the bed of the river went up apparently one hundred feet for a long distance and fell with a fearful roar. This hurl gate is by the vulgar called Hellgate. The great browery thought it would be cute to adopt that name, therefore all their great wagons were labeled in gilt letters, “Hellgate Brewery.” We thought it the best name we had ever heard for a dis- tillery of any kind, as nothing could be more appropriate. But the question is, how can temperance people under- mine the whole field of whisky and beer manufacture, and so place the dynamite as to destroy the root of the great upas tree at one blow? We are chopping off branches here and there, but it should be undermined, and every root blown so high in the air that it will die for want of soil to grow in. Hell gate needs to be blown up by the power of God and the united power of Christian women. You are working the mine, and are preparing it, and may God give you abundant success in the future blast. Philadelphia , Pa. T. S. Soovillb. A PRACTICAL TEMPERANCE WORK. Dear Union Signal:— Last July the Y. W. C. T. U. of Providence, R. I., opened to the public their newly com- pleted ice-water fountain in one of the most central parts of the city, and maintained it until the middle of October. It was a modest looking affair, yet 80,250 pounds of ice were used during the season, and it was estimated that an average of over one thousand four hundred persons per hour partook of the refreshment it offered. One of the patrons exclaimed, “I’d be a rich man if I could have a soda fountain patronized like that!” and another, “Shure, that’s good, and the saloon niver got five cents for that drink!” Mr. H. F. Jenks, of Pawtucket, R. I., constructed the fountain, and Mrs. J. H. Kendrick was the able chairman of this committee. The cost of erection and maintenance was nearly six hundred dollars. All summer the flag of our country and a white ribbon floated over this most practical temperance work. The Y’s are hoping to erect another ice-water fountain the coming summer. The committee found it vary difficult to obtain any definite information concerning such fountains, and will be most happy to impart the results of its research and experience to any other union, desiring to engage in a similar work. As one saw the thirsty crowds constantly surrounding the fountain one realized as never before the desire of the people to obtain easily a refreshing drink. Shall we not have the pleasure of helping other societies to enter upon this line of work and thus secure for themselves the blesB- ing promised to those who offer a cup of cold water in the Master’s name? # E. C. Hodge. Providence, R. /. January 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (6) 6 Deab Comrades: — It is hard to tell when W. C. T. U. laborers are the more inspired to zealous endeavor — at the waning of the old year or the beginning of the new. Methinks it is an activity that never really diminishes, and therein lies our greatest assurance of victory. A great many unions are planning to push THE POLYGLOT PETITION as never before. With the italicized form found on pago 14 of this issue or by means of the printed blanks fur- nished from the National Headquarters, The Temple, Chicago, there is no reason that tho great list of names be not rolled up countlessly. Ono worker has set herself to secure one new name a month, at least, during 1895, trying, in addition, to interest the twelve new petitioners to the extent of each circulating a petition themselves. We doubt if another society can match the record made by ours in issuing its ANNUAL MINUTES, covering five hundred and thirty pages, just one month to a day from the date of tho adjournment of the Conven- tion, and giving a full account of the same. The volumo is the best kind of a hand-book for local unions, for it covers the entire ground of our methods and gives a com- parative view of their success in different sections of the country. If extracts in the form of paragraphs and longer articles were made from this collection, which em- bodies the wisdom and experience of twenty-one years of the woman’s crusade for the protection of the home, were transferred to the columns of the local denominational press through the influence of our local workers, this unique and varied volume would accomplish that where- unto it is sent. Nothing strikes us more in glancing over its fair pages than the growing correlation of our work with all the great current movements of the time. The list of telegrams and letters received and of fraternal delegates, with the branchings out of the reports of our general officers and superintendents, marks a movement wider than has ever yet been included under the forms of organization of any single association. We are glad that the resolutions show forth much of this progress, especially those that were added by the Convention, and we think that while our loyalty to the Prohibition party is unquestioned, it was a stroke of wisdom to adopt the resolution of thanks on page 51, which is as follows: Resolved , That we render our thanks to the Federated unions of Cleveland for their complete arrangements for the success of the Convention, to the people of the city for their gracious hospitality, to the pastors of the churches who have welcomed us to their pulpits, to the pages for their effective services, to the railroad super- intendent for her painstaking and successful efforts to secure reduced rates, to the press and to all who have in any way contributed to the success of the Convention. A copy of the Minutes costs but fifteen cents, and orders should be sent to Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson. It is perhaps just to add that the picture of our president, not a very good one, by the way, which accompanies the pic- ture of the original Crusade church on the title page, was placed there without her knowledge or consent. SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES. Query. — Has a woman a right to wear the white ribbon who has belonged to the union in time past but has dropped out, does not pay dues or come to the meetings except at long intervals? Can we appoint such an one as superin- tendent of Loyal Temperance Legion work? Answer. — It seems strange that any woman who cares for the white ribbon would insist on wearing it if she does not pay her dues to the society, and any local union has a perfect right to adopt such a by-law regulating this or any other condition of membership that it chooses. Our local unions forget that they have power to do whatever they think best so far as allowing a woman to be superin- tendent of a Loyal Temperance Legion when she does not pay her dues. It is inconceivable to my mind that any woman would undertake any work with us who had not interest enough in the cause to pay fifty cents a year. I should certainly give her very little rest until she had paid it. When these local difficulties arise let the union make just such rules by which to control them as seems good in its own sight, always remembering the law of love as su- preme. Q. — Will you please state what the Single Tax is? A. — I gladly do this in the language of some of its chief advocates: “The Single Tax involves the abolition of all taxes upon industry and the products of industry and upon exchange through tariff taxation and the taking by taxation upon land values, irrespective of improvements, of the annual rental value of all those various forms of natural improvements embraced under the general term, land. With this reform many of its advocates desire to unite the abolition of all special privileged legislation, the adoption of local option in taxation and the adoption of proportional representation.” Miss Margaret Macdonald, of Allston, Mass., has sent us this suggestive story of THE BEGINNING OF AN L. T. L. “Alice Dow and I were invited to spend the evening with a friend and make ourselves useful in helping enter- tain a number of young people, who had gathered there to celebrate little Edith Enwood’s birthday. Of course we went. “I had just started a lively game for the little ones, when I happened to spy in the corner a boy and girl who looked as if they had come to an end of their conversa- tional powers, so I crossed the room to see why they were not playing with the other children. Annie said Harry did not like the game and she would not play unless he did. It was the rule of the house for no one to be over- looked or neglected, so I cast about in my mind for some- thing to talk to them about. Suddenly liko an inspira- tion came the thought, — temperance. Holding up my watch chain on which was tied a bit of white ribbon, I asked, ‘Who knows what this little ribbon means?’ No answer. ‘Did either of you ever hear mamma or papa speak of the brave men and women who are fighting the rum-shops and saloons?’ At this their faces brightened, and they seemed to have an idea of what I was talking about, but were afraid to talk so I told them how, in other places boys and girls, as well as men and women, were working to drive wickedness out of the land, what a lot of good they were doing, and how much we could do too, if we would only try. They grew so interested that when the time came for them to say good-bye and go home, they were really sorry to leave. I took courage and said, ‘Come and bring some little friends to my house after school Friday, and we will see* if we cannot all join together to work for right.’ When I went home I prayed for strength to carry on the undertaking begun in such an unexpected way. I waited anxiously for Friday. At last the wished-for day arrived, and with it twenty- eight children. When I had made them all feel at home with me and we had 6ung some pretty hymns, I explained to them just why they were there, read to them the pledge and tried to make everything perfectly clear. When I questioned them they seemed to have a correct idea as to what their duty was, and how they were to fulfill their pledges. Out of that twenty-eight we formed a Loyal Temperance Legion. That little L. T. L. has increased to eighty-five. With God’s help we hope to go on in this good work.” Mrs. L. S. Weightman, of Washington, D. C., sends a program which, interspersed with music, basket-lunch, etc., might serve as a suggestive model for meetings during the new year. It was called a CONFERENCE MEETING OF REFORM FORCES, and though not strictly a W. C. T. U. meeting, leaned strongly that way. Following are the leading features of the program: Song and Prayer Service. Bible Reading. (Conducted by W. C. T. U. evangelis- tic superintendent.) What Measure of Time and Labor Should a Busy Wom- an Give the W. C. T. U.? (Answered to the effect that since W. C. T. U. principles enter into every relation of life, all busy womeu can at all times be in some way fur- thering W. C. T. U. interests.) The Next Step in Anti-Saloon Warfare, or How Shall we Conquer the Liquor Traffic? (Discussed by pastors, citi- zens and white-ribboners.) Treasury Notes. (Financial aspect of W. C. T. U. work.) Difficulties in Winning New Members and How to Meet Them. Incentives to Workers. Apathy in the Local Union; Its Cause and Remedy. Teaching Prohibition in Church and Sabbath-school. (Handlod by pastor or Sunday-school superintendent.) A Paying Investment. (Of time and money in W. C. T. U. work.) What the W. C. T. U. has Done for me. (Discussion open to all.) A Nation’s Suicide: the Sacrifice of Our Girls. What Shall we do About it? Twenty-one Years’ Trial; the “Coming of Age” of the W. C. T. U. Is She Worthy of Citizenship? (Answered by a pastor.) With hearty acknowledgment of the pleasant and prac- tical communications I have already received from the hive-workers and awaiting your further advances, Yours in all fellowship, Mother Experience. Let this be our daily prayer during 1895. If we do we shall grow strong in the Lord and in the power of His might — going on from strength to strength, we shall con- quer every foe, and difficulties will vanish like mist before the morning sun. Our new year will then be a happy one. We shall step fearlessly into its untried days. Not death itself shall appall us, for faith conquers even that, too. *** The following letter from a noble Prohibitionist, ono of our Temple Trust bondholders, Mr. John R. Madison, Irving Park, a suburb of Chicago, was received a few days ago. It brought cheer and copifort at a time when dark- ness seemed to reign. And the writer felt like joining with David as he expresses himself in the sixty-fourth Psalm: “Hear my voice, 0 God, in my prayer; preserve my life from fear of the enemy. Hide me from the secret counsel of the wicked; from the insurrection of the work- ers of iniquity: who whet their tongues like a sword and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words. They encourage themselves in an evil matter; they com- mune of laying snares privily; they say, who shall see them?” Mr. Madison writes: “I am just recovering from a serious railroad accident where my life was in great peril, and I desire to make a than koffering. No cause interests me more than temperance, and I therefore en- close herewith my check for fifty dollars, payable to your order to be used for the Temple. I will take this oppor- tunity to assuro you of my implicit confidence in yOur in- tegrity and honor, notwithstanding the malignant asper- sions that have been cast upon you.” Mr. Madison refers in the abovo to a most venomous- attack which has been made during the past week or two upon the founder of the Temple through a Chicago newspaper instigated by hers and the Temple’s most inveterate enemy. *** How thoughtful and considerate some of our dear white-ribbonei*3 are. They think of the burden that rests upon the shoulders of some of us as the day approaches for paying tire interest on our bonds. Such consideration is conspicuously shown in the following letter received from Mrs. Lizzie E. Tilton, superintendent of Temple work for Vineyard Haven, Mass., W. C. T. U. She writes: “Enclosed you will find check for $25, our second pay- ment on a huudrod dollar pledge. We will send the rest the first week in January, when our mite-boxes are called in. I thought we had better send this amount now, rather than wait for the balance, so you could have it to use the first of January.” Mrs. H. P. Cummings writes: “En- closed find check for $25 for Temple fund, from the Ware, Mass., W. C. T. U. This, with the $25 sent before, makes $50 we have paid on our pledge. We will send the bal ance as soon as wo can raise it. We have great satisfac tion in knowing we have a part in the beautiful Temple.” The Seekonk and East Providence, R. I., W. C. T. U., are a brave little band of women. The union only num- bers thirteen, but in spite of that unlucky (?) number, they have just sent through Mrs. C. C. Balch, $25 as a thanksgiving offering, making $59 this little union has paid on a hundred dollar pledge. Mrs. Balch writes that only a very little of the above amount was raised outside of the union. This proves that it only takes a willing mind and a determined purpose for almost any union, no matter how small it is, to raise $100. *** The Temple superintendent of the Richmond and Hop- kinton, R. I., W. C. T. U. , Mrs. Mattie A. L. Greene, sends $66 which completes the hundred dollar pledge of the union. A check for $45 has been received from Mrs. E. A. Whitford for the Westerly, R. I., W. C. T. U.; this com- pletes the hundred dollar pledge by this union. Mrs. Whitford writes: “I am so glad we have been able to pay it within the first year. Our union made the pledge last January. All hail to our House Beautiful. May it be a monument of righteousness and temperance and soon be the property of the National W. C. T. U.” Mrs. L. Mel- bourne, Covington, Kentucky, seuds $25 for the Coving- ton W. C. T. U.; this makes $75 that union has paid on their hundred dollar pledge. Mrs. Mary E. Watson sends $15 for the Syracuse, N. Y., W. C. T. U. on their pledge. The Fredonia, N. Y., W. C. T. U., through its president, Mrs. E. McNeill, sends $11 on their hundred dollar pledge. This makes $51 the union has paid. Mrs. C. S. Sheldon, a member of the Kirksville, Mo., W. C. T. U., although no longer a resident there — she being now in California — sends $100 as a thanksgiving offering, “In memory,” she writes, “of my mother, a Crusader.” She wants the money credited on the Missouri tablet. *** Little Nettie King brought her mite-box to the Temple to-day and exchanged its contents for a souvenir spoon. This is the third time this dear little girl has filled her mite-box and she is starting right out to fill it again for another year. There are still two or three thousand mite- boxes out in the hands of persons who desire to get a Temple spoon by January 1, 1895. We will allow a few days’ grace but must insist on our friends sending in the contents of their mite-boxes without delay to our financial secretary, Miss Sara G. Johnson, Room 1113, the Temple, Chicago, if they expect to get their spoons. Let our friends remember how much it will help us if they will send promptly at this time when we need money so badly 6 (6) THE PAST. BY MABY LOWE DICKINSON. A tyrant that bindeth with cords of pain, And guardefch a prison door? Nay — bnt an angel who breaks a chain, And leads the way to a summit plain, Where grasses blossom in summer rain, And singing birds can soar. A poisoned chalice whose hotdrops bring A pang to each pulsing vein? Nay — but a draught* from a healing spring, Cooling the fever and soothing the sting, Till the dimming eye and the drooping wing Are lifted to light again. A pitiless blackness of dreary sea Hiding our good ship’s grave? Nay — but a beacon , flashing free Over the track where the breakers be, When winds are striving in frenzied glee Shrouding the rocks in the waves. A spectre, ever with iron hand Holding the spirit fast? Nay — but a prophet , in silence grand, Lifting the veil from a far-off land, Where, in the scorching of desert sand, Water shall gush at last. The angel, who rolls from the closed door The sealing stone aside; The healer, for hearts that are rent and sore; The light that flashes the black seas o’er; The prophet that points to the othefc shore — They are here to-night by my side. And it matters little if New Year bells Sadly or gladly ring, An undertone in their clamor tells, Of a soft south wind that dies and swells In fragrant arches of pine-wood dells, Where some day the birds will sing. — The Silver Cross. THE SECRET OF HER DEVOTION. BY EDITH GRAY. My grandfather, Captain Lowell, was a sturdy branch of the old Puritan stock, a pillar in the church, captain in the war of 1812 and a leader in his home country. He ohose for his wife a dainty maiden from a family noted both in this country and in Europe for their intellectual power* She was herself a writer of widening reputation when she married my grandfather. Within the year she laid aside her pen to take into her arms that sweetest of all burdens, a baby. The young mother did not gain strength as rabidly as did the sturdy baby boy and then came the serpent into their home that has left its poisonous trail through three generations. The family physician ordered pure New England rum for the frail young mother to “build her up.” She used it as directed and as other children came to her she learned to depend more and more upon the stimulating contents of the rum jug until her own strength was gone, her con- stitution broken down, and the last three babies came only to open their sweet eyes for a brief moment in this world of sorrow. The eldest child had not come under the ban and grew to manhood much like his father. My father was the second child, and throughout his character and life the effects of that doctor’s prescription can be traced,— a highly nervous organization, great in- tellectual power coupled with extreme prostration after effort. He becamo a Christian in early manhood, and I verily believe that the heavenly Father ofttimes sent a legion of angels to deliver him in his hours of temptation. He was a consistent Christian, dearly loved by all his friends, and “Uncle John” to every child in our neighbor- hood. He was singularly pure in all his habits, and wa3 ever just, yet tender. I love to dwell upon this side of his sunny character, but my heart aches when I remember how desperately he fought the adversary for every inch he gained in the upward journey. His story came to me in fragments; he could not speak of it himself, and my mother looked his life-secrets in her heart so that no one but herself and God, the two who ever stood close to him, aud who ever bore him up, knew all he suffered. Ho THE UNION SIGNAL. came into the world cursed with an appetite for strong drink, and a mania to take his own life. He who directed Christian work; he who was ceaselessly engaged in a struggle against all evil; he who was called . a fanatic because of his uncompromising warfare against the rum-power, knew the horrors of a life broken and fettered by this prince of devils. Never, in passing a sa- loon upon the street but the demon appetite clamored to be appeased with fiery draughts, and then, in the fight that always followed, would come the consuming desire to end his life. Through his influence un fermented wine was used at the communion table of his church, and many of the brethren wondered a little at his energy in pushing the question. Others thought it decidedly uncalled for and a piece of fanaticism, but yielded more out of love and respect to him than because they thought the use of fermented wine wrong. My wise mother well knew the influence of children, and without seeming to be watchful she guarded him from many a pitfall. When he went from home, she nearly al- ways accompanied him, by his express wish, and well he appreciated the strong tower God had given him. ^Yea, “He will not allow us to be tempted more than we are able to bear, but will make for us a way of escape.” As he must needs go to his daily labor, she sent one of his children with the admonition, “Be a cheery helper to papa.” And we were instructed in her wise, gentle way, not to take our childish troubles to him, but to reserve our pleasant experiences for his hearing; thus, without knowing why, but implicitly trusting mother, we learned to be ever cheerful and helpful. How tender was the love between father and children, and, in helping him bear his burden, it helped us to develop self-reliance and to be self-sacrificing. But I, being the baby, was oftenest his companion, and felt a great responsibility resting upon me. In a vague way I could feel the pressure of the trouble of which I was ignorant. Years passed in this way and my father, worn and weary with life’s battle, looked longingly into the bright beyond. Though racked with disease and pain, he ever came off victor and when God said to his soul, “It is enough, come up higher,” he could say with Paul, “I have fought a good fight, I have finished my course, I have kept the faith.” As the light of earth grew dim a great peace fell upon his dear face, and He said softly, “Come, Jesus, oh, come quickly.” As we watched the light fading from his eyes once moro his lips moved and we caught the words faintly uttered with his dying breath, “Jesus, my Jesus,” and the suffering, struggling frame was free. When I remember how my beautiful, talented grand- mother fell beneath the rum curse — tho demon alcohol so taking possession of her mind, body and soul that she sacrificed her own life, her husband’s happiness, her home and her children upon its unholy altar, I am roused to every effort to banish the cause of all the misery. When I think of her living children deprived of their birthright, tho right of every child to be well-born, — when I remember the little lifeless frames laid in the old ceme- tery and know they were murdered, yes, murdered by the same rum fiend; when I think of my noble father, hating with intense hatred the demon that wrought such havoc in his childhood’s home, and himself cursed with its con- suming appetite; when I think of these things that have been burned into my memory, is it to be wondered at that I urge an aggressive warfare as well as a defensive one? Is it surprising that I glory in every department of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union in its work of pre- vention, uplift and reform? I may well bej“instant in sea- son and out of season.” I long and work and pray for that day when the people shall be awakened and put away this greatest of all evils from their midst that future gen- erations may not be cursed. It is a part of my religion to look well aftei? the cheer- fulness of life, and let the dismals shift for themselves, believing with good Sir Thomas More that it is wise to be “merrie’in God.” — Louisa M. Alcott . Sweeter than any grace of tint or form; nobler than the keen look of intellect, or the massive breadth of power; noblest when it is added on to these — i^ the beauty with which holiness of soul lights up the face. It makes the plainest features pleasant to look upon; it lights up the sunken eyes of sickness, smooths the worn brow of care, wreathes the drawn lips of suffering into smiles, and gives to age a glory which is like a foreshad- owing of the very “crown of life.” Some one has said that a woman cannot choose whether she shall be beauti- ful at twenty, but that it is her own fault if she is not beautiful by the time she is sixty. True — and for men as well as for women. As life goes on our faces becomo what we make them — the silent outgrowth of the charac- terjwithin. — Brooke Herford , D . D., in “ Sermons of Courage and Cheer." January 3, 1895. ANOTHER PAGE WRITTEN IN BLOOD. BY HON. A. B. RICHMOND. He that is drunken Is outlawed by himself ; all kind of ill Did with his liquor slide into his veins. —George Herbert. I have recently finished my eighty-eighth homicide case in our court of Oyer and Terminer . Four young men were riding together along a lonely road in our county. They had with them a bottle of diluted alcohol, of whioh in a spirit of friendship they drank freely. The poison had been purchased at a licensed drug store under the guise of a medical prescription. A slight admixture of some other drug had been added to4t by the pharmacist, to cheat the law and avoid its penalties. The young men had left the little village where they procured the murderous compound in apparently the most friendly feeling. One of them was a married man. A few miles from the place of the murder his young wife with her babe waited for the return of the affectionate husband and father. It was a very cold night in March; at a late hour a 6torm of sleet, snow and wind had set in, and as it beat upon the window panes of the cottage the young mother hoped and prayed that her husband would soon return or that he had stopped at the village for the night. But at that very moment her husband, wounded and bleeding, was freezing to death by the roadside. In a drunken fight he had been knocked from his wagon, and left in a help- less condition by his drunken companions to die. In the early morning he was discovered by a neighbor who was passing by, and taken to his home. He lived several days after the shock from amputation of his frozen lower limbs. He made a statement in articulis mortis which was read in evidence in the trial of his companions for “involuntary manslaughter.” It was the old, old story: First, a drink taken in fellowship; another, and yet another. The licensed demon that lurks in every intox- icating cup gained the ascendency. A thoughtless word uttered in maudlin drunkenness aroused the anger of one of the young men; it was followed by a blow. When the trouble ended one of the number lay stunned and bleed- ing upon the frozen ground by the roadside. Partially sobered and alarmed at what had been done, the other three young men fled from the place, leaving their com- panion to freeze and die. Had they moved the unfort- unate man to the nearest house, his wounds were not of so aggravated a character as to have produced death; but a consciousness of guilt, with the unreasoning influence of strong drink made cowards of them all. They were arraigned for trial before the court that had granted the license to the druggist to Bell alcohol under the guise and protection of a medical prescription. After a lengthy trial, whioh cost the county more than it re- ceived for a score of licenses, the young men were con- victed with a recommendation to the mercy of the court. And very proper it is that the eburt should heed the rec- ommendation, for it was accessory to the crime the de- fendants committed through its licensed influence. Yes, the sentence of the court should be tempered with mercy for it placed the primordial cause of the murder within easy reach of three young men, who without its influence would have been as guiltless of crime as the judge who pronounced the sentence of the law. In the dying declarations of the deceased his last words were, “Whisky was at the bottom of it.” Oh, oft told tale of crime and woe! How repeatedly have I heard it in our so-called “courts of justice” (?) and how often for the same reason have I heard “recommendations 1 6 mercy” by the jury, but never that the court should refuse to license the sale of the infernal spirit that prompts the commission of all the crimes defined in criminal code. WHAT IS THE REMEDY FOB THE EVIL? Experience of nearly half a century in our courts and the arena of politics has satisfied me that there is but one remedy for the great evil of licensed rum and its certain effects, that is to put the ballot into the hands of woman. Turn into the turgid pool of politics the pure stream of woman’s influence and the cleansing of the nation from the curse of the liquor traffic would be as thorough as was that of the “Angean stables” by Hercules. The history of the world has shown that the courage of women in all contests for human rights and morality far exceeds that of men in their contests for human depravity and immu- nity for crime. It is too late in the light of the nine- teenth century to attempt to deny the intellectual power of woman and her moral influence on the destinies of the people. Put the ballot in her hands and it will do more to destroy the social evil than a century of mission efforts without it. Let women vote and maudlin senti- mentality will give way to a desire for the welfare of hus- bands, sons and fathers. The drinking saloon and license law will never survive one election, when their right to remain on our streets or in our statute books shall be submitted to the votes of the whole people. Meadvillet Pa. January 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (7) 7 BY FREDERICK SHERLOCK. Sign the pledge! we now entreat you; Come with us and take your stand, Many ftiends with joy will greet you, Give you welcome to our band! Sign the pledge! our country calls you, Bids you help us in the fight; Ere the tempting cup enthralls you Sign the pledge! oh, sign to-night! Sign the pledge! The promise given In the name of God Most High, Will encourage some who’ve striven From the dangerous path to fly! Your example thus to others Shall be as a guiding light; For the sake of weaker brothers, Sign the pledge! oh, sign to-night! Sign the pledge! The children’s voices Rise to heaven — oh, heed their cry! Many a fresh young heart rejoices, Many a cheer supplants a sigh, When fond parents help their dear ones In the battle of the right, For the sake of precious near ones, Sign the pledge then! Sign to-night! — From the Church Monthly. GYPSIE LINNETT. BY ADA M. MELVILLE. Gypsie came to our house in the middle of winter, when the snow was piled up away above our fence. It was so cold that it drove the tears to one’s eyes, and then froze them on one’s cheeks. I guess I was the only one who was glad to see the lit- tle fellow. All mother said was that there were too many mouths to fill already without another, and father mut- tered a curse, and told us to “keep that thing out of his sight.” That made Tim cry, — he was only seven years old, and I was ten, — but I just made up my mind that poor little Gypsie should not be without one friend in the house. I wanted to take him up to the little loft where Tim and I slept, but it was too cold up there, and besides we did not know how to take care of him. (Mother came and peeked over my shoulder right after the period there, and says people won’t know but what I am talking about a baby. But Gypsie is a bird.) Now I’ll begin over again, only, first, I want you to know why I am writing this story. The editor of The Union Signal wrote to Miss Jennis, the captain of our Loyal Temperance Legion, and asked her for something real true and interesting for the paper. Now what did Miss Jennis do but set the Legion to work. We are to each write something that we think will help somoonej or interest them. I could think of nothing but about Gyp- sie Linnett, and I only hope Miss Jennis will think it good enough to send to The Union Signal. Now I’ll start again. There was a little girl who used to live next door to us. She was the only girl in the whole street. Her folks were poor, but they were nice people, and mother let me go over there real often to play. Reenie, — that was the little girl’s name, — had a bird given to her for a birthday pres- ent. One day she and I were out playing, when a run- away team came flying round the corner. I tried to get Reenie and me out of the way, but we were knocked down. She was hurt so badly she never got well. I felt someway as if it was all my fault, but her mother said Reenie would have been killed at once instead of living four months after she was hurt, if I hadn’t been there. She was the only playmate I ever had, and I could hardly bear it when she died. Her mother wanted to give me something, and the only thing she had of Reenie’s that she thought I would like was her bird; so she brought him over that cold day I started to tell you about, all cuddled up in her hand and the cage in her other hand. We weren’t real happy just about then, and we were ever and ever so poor. Mother had been sick all summer, then father lost his work, and learned to drink. By and by he Jorgot how to be kind, and sometimes we were afraid of him. We hung Gypsie Linnett up in the kitchen window, — I mean we hung up his cage. His cage was the only really nice thing in the room, and he was the nicest looking per- son. (Oh, dear! a bird isn’t a person. But you see we have all come to love him so, he seems like one of the family.) I must tell you how Gyp looked. He wasn’t just like the canaries you see in the windows for sale. He was yellow and brown, and some parts of him almost black. His head was dark, then came a pretty, yellow collar, and his wings were like his head. His tail was yellow, and his breast a real pale yellow. He had funny little ruffles on his shoulders, a row of tiny feathers curling up like a girl’s bangs when they’re combed right. (Now I’m coming to the interesting part.) A few minutes aftor Gypsie came into the house, father took the last good chair and the only looking-glass we had and went out to sell them for whisky. Mother threw herself face down on the bed. It was awful cold. Tim and I took Gyp’s cage and set it down between us by the stove. There was a bit of cold potato and a scrap of stale bread, not enough for a meal, so we gave them to our bird. He seemed to think they were pretty nice. We wanted him to sing, but either it was too cold or he felt strange. By and by we called mother to get dinner, but there wasn’t anything to cook. Mother said she didn’t want any and that we could go and beg if we wanted some. She wouldn’t ever let us beg before. We fouud a part of a cabbage and a couple of frozen turnips near the mar- ket. Then we went to the wood-market and the men let us pick up a basket of chips. We lived on the cabbage and turnips that day and the next. Father kept away and mother didn’t want anything but water. Her cheeks were red but she didn’t look right and I was scared. Tim was too little to understand. All he wanted, poor little chap, was a “drink of milk and a piece of bread and butter.” Gypsie was fed all right, because Reenie’s mother gave us a whole lot of seed, and we could get water easy enough when it wasn’t frozen. But Tim and I were so dreadful hungry we could hardly keep from crying. Chicago, 111. (Concluded next iveek.) FOR TIRED LITTLE FOLK. “Auntie, please tell me something nice to do. I’m tired of Sunday. It’s too late to go out, its too early for the lamp, and the wrong time for everything.” “Well, let me see,” said auntie. “Can you tell me any one in the Bible whose name begins with A?” “Yes; Ac(am.” “I’ll tell you a B,” said auntie. “Benjamin. Now a C.” “Cain.” “Right^” said Aunt Sarah. “Let me tell D,” said Joe, hearing our talk. “Daniel.” And so we went through all the letters of the alphabet, and before we thought of it we were called to supper, the house was lighted, and we had a fine time. Try it. — May- flower. SOFT-SHELLED NUTS. 371. NUMERICAL ENIGMA. I am composed of fourteen letters. My 1, 6, 5, 7, 3 is an article of furnitare. My 2, 10, 11 is a covering for the head. My 9, 13, 14 is a cry made by a cat. My 12, 4, 8 is a bricklayer’s tray for mortar. My whole was once a prominent temperance leader, who led many to sign the pledge. Cecille Wade. 372. OBOS8WORD ENIGMA. In one, not in two. In me, not in you. In wild, not in tame. In you, not in 6ame. In pork, not in lean. In dirt, not in clean. In ask, not in tell. My whole a city you know well. Oliver K. Evans. 373. BEHEADINGS AND CURTAILINGS. 1. Behead a girl’s name and leave a plague. Behead it again and leave something that is very cold. 2. Curtail a fowl and leave a pronoun. 3. Behead and curtail a part of the body and leave a part of the body. 4. Behead and curtail a part of the body and add a tail and leave something that lives in the water. 5. Behead and curtail a farm utensil and leave an inter- jection. Alice Thayer. Send all replies and original puzzles to Puzzle Editor, The Union Signal, The Temple, Chicago, 111. ANSWERS TO PUZZLES PUBLISHED DECEMBER 13. 363. 1, D-rink. 2, E-vent. 3, C-heat. 4, E-very. 5, M-arch. 6, B-last. 7, E-late. 8, R-ally. December. 364. Genesis 23:9. 2, Esther. 3, Psalm 3:9. 365. Holmes. Correct answers: Fanny H. Wingert; Isa Olla Boyle; Mary Sidwell. Dear Boys and Girls: — Come up close as you can, for these are cold winter days, and our Corner, too, is a very crowded place just now. How many of the school boys and girls (and I expect that includes nearly all of you) find geography a very hard study? Yes, boundaries are not easy to remember, the capitals of the various countries and other hard facts. For this reason, many scholars, and especially those whose memories are not strong, find geography “poky” and not easy to learn. A certaiu boy of whom I have heard, however, thought differently. To him this study was play; he had the high- est marks of any in his class, and his teacher was very proud of him. He could answer every question perfectly, and give in addition many facts of interest about people and countries. The other boys and girls all wondered how he did it, for he was not any smarter than the others. The secret was that he had a wise mother. She had been a teacher, and had read a great many books of travel. When her boys were little she bought a nice globe, and when their father was away from home this globe was put in the center of the table at meal time, and all their talk was on a certain locality or country, which had been pre- viously chosen. When a book of travel was read the boys would repeat the story from memory, pointing out the places upon the globe, and thus geography was thoroughly and correctly learned. It was better far than any game, and you can see how this home practice helped to make both the boys the best scholars in their classes. Of course, the mother did a good deal of study herself for this. As a teacher, she had been used to hearing her scholars’ answers without referring to the atlas. Now, for the sake of her boys, she looked up every question before- hand in the gazetteer and geography. Why not suggest this plan to father or mother and try it in your own homes, dear Cozy Cornerers? I’d like to see a globe on every temperance table. When you have learned enough of general geography you can follow on your globe the progress of the ribbon white “around the world.” ' Yours for solid information, NEPHEW8 AND NIECES. Will you please accept me as one of your Cozy Corner- ers? I am a temperance boy of ten. This is the first time I have written. Here is a puzzle I just composed to-night. Oliver K. Evans. Yorkville, III. You are one of us, Oliver. Your puzzle is a good cross- word, and is among our Soft-Shelled Nuts this week. Many thanks. I would like to join the Cozy Corner, and become one of the nieces. We used to have an L. T. L. here, but have not had one for a long time. I like the Cozy Corner very much. Madge Baker. Summerside , P. E. I. We are glad you like us, and we know we’ll like you, for of course, you’re a temperance girl, Madge. I was interested in hearing my uncle tell about the W. C. T. U. Convention. My uncle and two of my aunts at- tended the Convention. I would have liked very much to have been there and seen Frances E. Willard and “Aunt Jane.” Mary Sidwell. Flushing, O. And Aunt Jane would have dearly loved to have seen you, little niece. There are many saloons here, but I hope that they will soon be overcome. There are so few temperance people here that Satan got ahead of us this election. Galveston, Tex. Clara Detering. You will help to sound our war-cry, “Saloons Must Go,” won’t you, Clara? We have a Sunday-school in the public schoolhouse, but no L. T. L. or W. C. T. U. out here, but may be will have some day. I hope so. Please may I join the Cozy Cor- ner if there is room? Georgia I. T. E. Ferris. Highland Park, Wayne Co., Mich. When you get a little bigger, Georgia, you can start ar. L. T. L. by yourself. I like to read the Cozy Corner very much. I take a little temperance paper called the Midget. It is edited by a little girl twelve years old. Newark, Del. • Florence P. Butler. And are you a temperance girl, too? #3 T.j *1 4. 0** t Januaby 3, 1895. 8 (8) Organ of the World's and National Woman’* Christian Temperance Union EDITOR-IN-CHIEF— Frances E. Willard. CORRESPONDING EDITOR— Lady Henry Somerset. MANAGING EDITOR— Margaret A. Sudduth. ASSOCIATE EDITOR— Jennie A. Stewart. CONTRIBUTING EDITOR— Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson. Published by the Woman’s Temperance Publishing Association. Mrs. Caroline F. Grow, Business Manager. The Temple, Cor. Monroe and La Salle Streets, Chicago, 111. THE UNION SIGNAL. Republic for permitting the illiterate foreign vote to weigh as much as the best balanced vote of a Christian patriot who is “to the manor born.” The man who sawed off the bough between himself and the tree trunk was not more fatuous than the men of this country who persist in carrying out this plan. Women could by no means have made a madder muddle. If luna- tics had done it, they would have aoted according to their reputation. It is thought to be a great gain that in the new constitution of New York a man must have been in this country ninety days instead of ten before he votes. The “one man” power has much to justify it in the de- cency of European cities. “Slums” are an Anglo-Saxon product, and follow in the wake of so-called “representa- tive government.” But this is because the government is one of halfness rather than wholeness. The object les- son of the world’s cities indicates to-day that the “one REPORT OF THE GOVERNMENT COMMISSION ON THE RAILWAY STRIKE. Entered at the Post-office, Chicago, 111., as second-class matter. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. Mrs. Matilda B. Carse. President. Mrs. L. A. Hagans, Tieasurei'. Miss FRANCES E. WILLARD, Evanston , 111. Lady Henry Somerset, London , Eng. Mrs. Hannah J. Bailey, Winthrop Center, Me. Mrs. Mary T. Lathrap, Jackson, Mich. MRS. Helen M. Barker, Chicago. Mme. Louise Demurest, New York City. Mrs. L. H. Plumb, Streato r. III. Mrs. E. B. Ingalls, St. Louu , Mo. OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL W. C. T. U. President.— Mies Frances E. Willard, Evaustou, 111. Vice- Piesident-at- Large — Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens. Portland, Me. Corresponding Secreraty Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson, The Temple, Chicago. Recording Secretary.— Mrs Clara C. Hoffman, Kansas City, Mo, Assistant Recording Secretary.— Mrs. F. E. Beauchamp, Lexington, Ky. Treasurer.— Mrs. Hei.en M. Barker, Office: The Temple, Chicago, 111. CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. SINCE OUR LA8T ISSUE AND EDITORIAL PARAGRAPHS. Contributed: Poem, The New Year. By W. Evans Darby, LL. D.... 2 Pierre and Jean, Twins. By Elizabeth Cumings 2 The English Cradle of the Temperance Reform. By Frances E. Willard 2 The Mother-Spirit. By Rev. W. Howatt Gardner • “When Doctors Disagree.” I. By Kate C. Bushnell, M. D.... 3 Third Biennial Convention of the World’s W. C. T. U. 4 CORRESPONDENCE t Local Union.. 5 Temperance Temple Items 5 The Household: Poem, The Past. By Mary Lowe Dickinson 6 The Secret of Her Devotion. By Edith Gray. . 6 Another Page Written in Blood. By Hon. A. B. Rich- mond • 6 r Children: Poem, “Sign the Pledge.” By Frederick Sherlock 7 Gypsie Linnett. By Ada M. Melville 7 Soft-Shelled Nuts 7 AUNT JANE’8 COZV CORNER 7 Editorial articles: “Faithful are the Wounds of a Friend” 8 Report of the Government Commission on the Railway Strike 8 Give Us the Facts 9 Self-seekers in Politics 9 The Watch Tower 9 State Reporters :••• „ 10 News from the Field: Wisconsin— Pennsylvania — Alabama — New Mexico- New Hampshire. < 10,12 News in a Nutshell 12 Corresponding Secretary’s Notes 12 organizers’ Corner: 13 Treasurer’s Corner 13 National Temperance Hospital 13 Temple Receipts 13 Publisher’s Department Our Library Table 14 Signal Notes * 16 Fear not, little flock; for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom.— Luke 12: 13. “FAITHFUL ARE THE WOUNDS OF A FRIEND.” Perhaps no foreigner has condensed into a sentence so much keen observation and good sense as the great labor leader, John Burns, in answer to the inevitable newspaper question, What do you think of this country? He says: Schools splendid, libraries excellent, jails too good, roads bad, streets worse, drainage the same, art museums good for the age of the country, corporations exacting, tyrannical and extravagant; railway traveling palatial for the rich and better than any I have ever seen tor the poor; cut off the headlines of your newspapers and you have a good carcass left, but still too much of a journalistic slaughter-house; municipal life considerably below that of any in Europe. “Oh wad somo powor the giftie gie us To see oursel’s as ithers seo usl” This petition is being answered by varied and compe- tent witnesses in these later times. As a stranger recog- nizes the family likeness in its various members, so the eye of an intelligent observer from a distance brings out the typical traits of a nation in the composite word- photograph of John Burns. Many dislike him for his plainness of speech, but we must not forget that he is jnst as straightforward with his own people. When he talks to the slums in London he says, “Nobody can help you out while you continue to be sots.” As for ourselves we know that municipal misrule is the price paid by the man” power is better calculated to keep those cities clean, and* to lift the submerged tenth out of the gutter, than the government by half the population expressing their party idolatry and personal cupidity at the ballot-box; for the management of a city is but a larger form of housekeeping, and men working at it alone have intro- duced the same untidy, unsystematic, spendthrift ways that they do into their own habitation when they keep bach- elor’s hall. It is not good for man to be alone anywhere, and least of ajl when he sets up housekeeping individu- ally or by municipal organization. When the women of New York city band together it is first of all to clean the streets, to improve the drainage, to send a breath of fresh air through the foul tenement districts; to scour out the filthy sweating dens. Their gospel is first of all a gospel of soapsuds, using the wholesome emblem in a sense sym- bolic as well as practical. John Burns is right; the plague spotf of the land are its municipal corporations as men have organized them. Whatever may be said of women voting generally, noth- ing but good has come of their participation in munici- pal affairs. But for the liquor system and the baser ele- ments of the foreign vote, we have every confidence that the men of this country would call us to the rescue by enacting statutes in the legislatures this winder that should give to the housekeeping element of the nation full power to “housekeep” in its untidy towns and cities that they might become wholesome and sane, “clothed and in their right mind.” But the way to bring this about in the face of organ- ized and brutal opposition is for all women with heads on their shoulders and hearts in their breasts to organize municipal leagues and set about doing with the left hand what they have not yet been empowered to do. with the right. It is better to work that way to clean up the towns and cities in which they are obliged to live and rear their children than to let them go unclean. The women who have endeared themselves to the peo- ple in their respective communities by friendly and help- ful work should lead this movement, calling a meeting of women for the express purppse of organizing a munici- pal league, and all the good men will be glad and gracious and will help them all they can. Let the league begin by improving the condition of the sidewalks and streets, by cleaning off from the bill boards the odious placards and advertisements that extend *from Portland to San Antonio and Boston to San Francisco; let them try to induce the good people in the churches to open the base- ments or at least one room in the basement where hot coffee and sandwiches are offered for sale at a less price than the saloon charges for the “refreshments” that it sets out as a decoy. Let the helpfulness of the life of Christ be manifest in the daily proceedings of those who “profess and call themselves Christians” not only in their individual but corporate capacity as a Woman’s League, and we shall soon have a different atmosphere, a turning of the hearts of the less protected to the more protected classes, a sense of community and interdependence, with- out which no amount of prayer and psalm and sermon can possibly make the people believe that those who go to church really mean what they say. Go on, John Burns, speak your full mind. The polit- ical papers of the old parties are doing their best to dis- count you with the reputable home folk of the nation. They cannot attack your character and so they will try to build up a wrong estimate of your words. This is the only way in which they can minimize the influence of our reformers in the present seething tide of public opinion. But they treat you no worse than they do their own peo- ple who dare to antagonize existing evils. It is but a few days since we saw a picture of the President of our Na- tional Woman’s Christian Temperance Union hawked about in a metropolitan newspaper with this sentence under it: “Here is thq woman who wants to reform the world by having alcohol and living pictures abolished, women to be on the police force and the ships christened with water instead of champagne.” It is not because he is an Englishman that the capital- istic and liquor press assails John Burns, but it is be- cause he is a deadly foe of corporations and of saloons. National Convention news has necessarily crowded out much important current matter, yet the report of the commission appointed by the government to investigate the great railway strike of last summer is too full of in- terest to be ignored by us, oven though its appearance is tardy. The importance of this commission is apparent at a glance. To get at the facts is the first step necessary to a solution of the difficulties in the labor problem and the facts in even one case will give the clue to the causes which underlie all strikes. Such a commission affords the only chance of discovering these facts. Newspaper accounts and interviews will be necessarily limited to partial state- ments by the parties to the controversy and will inevita- bly be colored, even though unintentionally, with preju- dice, and there can be no sifting of the evidence. But a commission appointed as this one was is likely to reach, in the main at least, the truth. The chief important facts which it presents are these: First, in regard to the self-assumed prerogatives of the famous “General Managers’ Association.” This associa- tion had no corporate existence, could not have legally, yet the powers and functions which it had already arro- gated to itself, or was evidently preparing to assume, were of the most far-reaching character. The association was composed of the high railway officials of all railroads centering or terminating in Chicago, twenty-four in num- ber, and while its avowed purpose was simply the consid- eration of problems arising from the management of these roads, it really undertook very different tasks. At one time when the switohqien of these roads asked for higher pay, the discussion of the subject was carried on entirely by the general managers’ association as one party, and its dictum was decisive in the matter. The association also prepared a full schedule of the prices paid the employes of each of the twenty-four roads, and each member was given a copy. No attempt at equaliza- tion of wages had yet been made, but the import of such an action is too clear to be disputed. One function of the association was to assist each of the twenty-four roads in any trouble it might have with its employes, and as one* means to this end agencies were formed through which to secure men to take the strikers’ places. Other actions of similar character established beyond a peradventure the fact that in case of any trouble between any of these roads and its employes, the laborers had to meet the combined power of the twenty-four roads. The report characterizes this unwarranted usurpation of power as “dangerous to the people and their liberties, as well as tg employes and their rights.” In its just and discriminating discussion of the associa- tion the report makes the further significant comments: “Until the railroads set the example, a general union of railway employes was never attempted. ... So long as railroads are thus permitted to combine to fix wages and for their joint protection, it would be rank injustice to deny the right of all labor npon railroads to unite for similar purposes. . . . The refusal of the general managers’ association to recognize and deal with such a combination of labor as the American railway union seems arrogant and absurd.” In regard to the condition of affairs at Pullman, the following facts are given: The Pullman Company was organized in 1867, with a capital of $1,000,000; it has now, twenty-seven years later, a paid-up capital of $36,- 000,000; how much of this is new capital invested the report does not say. For over twenty years the company has paid two per cent quarterly dividends, and it has laid up a surplus of nearly $25,000,000. The claim of the Pullman Company that it kept its works running at an actual loss in order to keep its laborers employed takes an altogether different aspect in the light thrown upon it by this investigation. The commission says that the sys- tem at Pullman “enables the managers at all times to assert with great vigor its assumed right to fix wages and rents absolutely and to repress that sort of independence which leads to labor organizations and their attempts at mediation, arbitration, strikes, etc.” On the other hand, the same conditions made the cessation of work more dis- astrous to the company than to most companies. “The Pullman Company,”, says the report, “could hardly shut down for seven and a half months at a cost and loss of less than one per cent upon its capital and surplus. To continue running was for its obvious and unfair advantage so long as it could divide losses equally with labor. . . . The commission thinks that the evidence show$ that it (the company) sought to keep running mainly for its own benefit as a manufacturer, that its plant might not rust, that its competitors might not invade its. territory, that it might keep its cars in repair, that it might be ready for resumption when business revived with a live plant and competent help, and that its revenue from its tenements might continue.” Moreover, the commission indicates that this claim of the company to be doing work at a loss f (9) 9 January 3, 1895. was that most deceptive and misleading of all statements, a half truth, for “the company based its entire contention as to every department upon the facts in reference to car- building. The purpose of the management was obviously to rest the whole matter upon cost, etc., in its most crip- pled department, excluding from consideration the facts as to wag 3s in its repair department.” The i eport recommends some system of arbitration and conciliation as temporary expedients, and urges that whatever any one may think of labor organizations they are with us to stay, and asks, “Is it not wise to fully recognize them by law, to admit their necessity as labor guides and protectors, to conserve their usefulness, in- crease their responsibility, and to prevent their follies and aggressions by conferring upon them the privileges en- joyed by corporations, with like proper restrictions and regulations?” These facts confirm statements already made in these columns; that there is on the part of capital a widely con- certed effort to so combine its forces as to be able to dic- tate its own terms to laborers; that the success of this attempt would result in a slavery of the laboring classes as abject and hopeless as any which has ever existed in the history of the world; that it was the perception of the dangers which threatened them, even more than pres- ent suffering, which goaded the laborers to their desper- ate struggle of last summer. The strike has been very generally termed a failure and in a certain sense it was. It did not reach the immediate ends aimed at, but in the face of the report of this com- mission, we do not regard the strike as having failed of its mission. We would not be misunderstood as approv- ing of strikes. We fully agree with the commission that “strikes, boycotts and lockouts are barbarisms unfit for the intelligence of this age. . . . They are war — internecine war — and call for progress to a higher plane of education and intelligence in adjusting the relations of capital and labor.” But if the contest of last summer with all of its disastrous results to the business interests of the nation shall have the effect of bringing the facts clearly before the thinking people of the nation, there is reason to hope that greater and more disastrous conflicts will be averted, and that we have already entered upon the road which shall lead to the final solution of our compli- cated financial and labor troubles. “GIVE US THE FACTS.” A committee of fifty men — no women — representing different communities and occupations and presided over by Seth Low, LL. D., president Columbia College, New York city, has decided to take up the study of the liquor question in its personal aspect. There is a sub-com- mittee on the physiological and pathological aspects of the drink problem which sends out the following ques- tions: 1. Is the regular consumption of a moderate quantity of whisky, wine or beer conducive to the maintenance of health and working power in any class of men? If so, in what class, and what is the average quantity thus useful? 2. What is the quantity of whisky, wrne or beer which the average man in good health may consume daily with- out special risk of injuring his health? Does this vary in connection with variations of age, of climate or of oc- cupation, and what are those variations? It seems to us it would be better to say “what, if any, is the quantity of whisky.” The questions are all formulated in the affirmative, whereas to our thinking they should have been perfectly colorless. In a letter which has been prepared by the sup-committee to be circulated all through the country the questions are as follows: 1. Age. 2. Occupation. 3. Arc you a total abstainer? 4. If so, have you always been so? 5. Do you drink spirits, wine, or beer occasionally as a social function, but not daily? 6. Do you drink spirits, wine or beer every day as a matter of habit? If so, please state the kind and the amount of liquor thus consumed. (If affirmative answers are given to either of the last two questions please state whether any particular form of alcoholic drink is in your case found to be specially desirable or undesirable.) 7. Are you aware of any chronic disturb- ance of your health; and if so what is its nature? 8. Give any facts derived from your personal experience which will throw light on the problems under investiga- tion. The sub-committee is presided over by Dr. John S. Billings, of the Army Medical Museum, Washington, D. C., and so far as we can form an opinion its “leanings” toward total abstinence are not so strong as to render its personal preference formidable to the liquor monopoly. On the larger committee there are many staunch teeto- talers, and the treasurer of that committee is William E. Dodge, who certainly ought to be a teetotaler; whether he is or not we do not know. However this may be, we are disposed to accept the movement in good faith and wish it every success. It is a little odd, however, that at this stage in the proceedings women are as much ignored in the investigation as if they were not in the world, for they are neither on the committee nor is there any inti- mation of sending circulars to them. Probably it i3 recognized that as a class they are teetotalers. THE UNION SIGNAL. It seems to us that it would have been a very reason- able scientific inpvement to have sent an inquiry to all those institutions where strong drink is ruled out — as in jails and penitentiaries — and to have ascertained whether the health of the inmates has suffered from the total dis- use of alcoholics. Another point that occurs to us relates to the scientific fact that those who use intoxicating liquors are in direct proportion to the amount used rendered less normal in their judgment, so that what they report as the effect of intoxicants on their “minds, bodies and estates” might be altogether different from what would be reported by those who “take the consequences” in their homes and among their business associates. In the famous Lexow committee Mr. Goff asked one of the captains of police to “tell us how many Christmas presents he received from liquor dealers.” “None — hold on there, Mr. Goff,” said the captain. “That is right, captain,” said Mr. Goff, while a laugh went round the court-room, “just tell us about a few of those presents. We have the evidence right here, and there is no use denying it.” The witness said that he frequently received baskets of wine and fruit. Mr. Goff then asked: “There were collections made for the presents for you, were there not?” “Not to my knowledge; I didn’t know of any such thing, Mr. Goff,” answered the captain. “Well, captain, what were you doing all those years that you had no knowledge of what was going on right around you?” “Oh, I was busy.” It is refreshing to think that men like these are still to report concerning the violations of the excise law by the saloon-keeper and to settle for the home people, who have no voice whatever in settling the question of purity or impurity, living pictures, theatrical exhibitions, Sunday concerts, etc. In fact, we live in a country beautiful by reason of its justice and startling on account of its rapid progress toward decent standards of public life, public amusement and public conduct generally. “SELF-SEEKERS” IN POLITICS. In a recent editorial note on Joseph Cook’s words, “no sex, no shirks, no simpletons in suffrage,” The Christian Advocate of New York says: “It seems to us that Mr. Cook has omitted two very important s’s; ‘no self-seek- ers’ and ‘no swindlers.’ ” Now will any one tell us why Mr. Cook should have mentioned these two classes in connection with woman’s suffrage? There is no possible reason unless women are more generally self-seekers and swindlers than are men. Is this what The Advocate means to insinuate? It is quite possible. Fortunately, however, the facts are overwhelm- ingly against this chivalric (?) position. Women as a rule have not sought the ballot for their own selfish advance- ment, but from the most disinterested motives. Does any one question this statement? At the woman’s congress in Chicago a yeiar ago, Mrs. Elizabeth Cady Stanton gave her testimony as to women seeking the ballot. She said: “It is a surprising fact that we have never been able to enlist women in any consider- able numbers to labor for their own emancipation They will work with the greatest enthusiasm for the church, for missions, for temperance, for anything and everything but their own emancipation.” Mrs. Stanton ought to be authority on the subject and the opposers of woman’s suffrage cannot deny her statement with very good grace since it has, until very recently, been their stock-in-trade argument that women did not want the ballot. But if it has been proved that women could not be in- duced to demand the ballot for their own interests, they are surely acquitted of the charge of being generally self- seekers. However, something within the last twenty years has been making suffragists of the women with great rapidity. It is impossible to explain away satisfactorily to any candid mind the significance of the New York petitions for and against woman’s suffrage. Six hundred and fifty thousand women asking for the suffrage, fifteen thousand asking that it be withheld, mean to the ordinary, unsophisticated mind, that among intelligent women about forty to one want the ballot. Besides this, the Ad- vocate has long ago characterized the Woman’s Christian Temperance. Union as “little more than a suffrage associ- ation.” It is difficult to decide whether the ignorance which this statement evinces of a great world movement should be denominated as lamentable or laughable. When the great paper which claims to be the oldest paper of American Methodism has time to spare for the consideration of such a small matter as an organization which Joseph Cook de- clares to be “the most powerful and the most useful ever formed by women,” of which Bishop Vincent says, As to the work of the organization as a whole, it is beyond praise,” and which the Ohio liquor dealers, in convention assembled, honored as being their “only enemy, we will gladly furnish said paper some enlightening literature. It has been well said that three women, his mother, sis- ter and the daughter of Pharaoh, gave Moses to Egypt, and the babe hid in the bulrushes had more power than the rushing river that threatened to bear him away, though it is the most beneficent of all the rivers in the world. * * A young fellow who is rising above the level to which intoxicants early brought him, and seems likely to join the ranks of usefal men ere long, makes a good point in a recent letter to a friend: “I am getting strength, and trying to get where, in a year or two, they will not look on me as a person who is not likely to stay sober, but rather as one whom they can have confidence in. A drunkard has uphill work of it in business. The fact is, no busi- ness wants him unless it is the saloon, and the saloon- keeper can make so many to order that I guess he is not particular in catering to a confirmed toper; there is not so much profit in that kind of a man as in a young fellow just starting.” *** It is stated that a notice is posted up in a library at Oxford University, England, forbidding women and dogs to enter the sacred enclosure. *** Professor William James, of Harvard, in his text-book on psychology, says: “Could the young but realize how soon they will become mere walking bundles of habits, they would give more heed to their conduct while in the plastic state. Every smallest stroke of virtue or of vice leaves its scar. The drunken Rip Van Winkle in Jeffer- son’s play, excuses himself for every fresh dereliction by saying, ‘I won’t count this time.’ Well, he may not count it, and a kind heaven may not count it, but it is being counted none the less. Down among his nerve cells and fibres the molecules are counting it, registering and stor- ing it up, to be used against him when the next tempta- tion comes. Nothing we ever do is, in strict, scientific literalness, wiped out. Of course, this has its good side as well as its bad one. As we becomo permanent drunk- ards by so many separate drinks, so we become saints in the moral, and authorities and experts in the practical and scientific spheres by so many separate acts and hours of work.” *** The trouble with many women is they live in a teacup ii^tead of a world. Their unselfishness is a kind of expanded self-love for those to whom they sacrifice, those who are their own nearest kindred and life-long associates. The most of them have by no means learned that the possession of a true mother-heart involves the giving of sympathy and help to those who need it most; their mis- ery being their mortgage on the affections and help of the real mother-hearted woman. The reason that women take such narrow views is that their mental horizon is narrow; their minds are not like a great landscape stretch- ing away inimitably with every variety of scene, with heights, with mountains and plains, forest and prairie, country and town, and over all the great unfathomable moonlight heavens. Instead, they see the four walls of their home and do not look beyond its roof. *** There are a thousand students in the Chicago University this year, of whom three hundred and eighteen are girls, and of these ninety-two are college graduates. *** A young man who was run over by the cars and taken to a hospital was told that both legs must be amputated, and when he asked what was likely to be the result the surgeons were obliged to admit that his recovery was im- probable and if he had anything in particular that he wished to say this was the time to say it. He was lying on the operating table, and it was just before he was put under the influence of chloroform. The scene was one of infinite pathos. The surgeons stood around him, most of them men who had embraced a materialistic view of human destiny. The young man’s face was contracted under the pain he suffered; his manly form was mutilated beyond remedy. Nerving himself for the announcement, he said in a deep, steady voice: “My mother has begged me to declare myself for Christ; I have never done so. I regret it beyond what I can express, and I wish here and now to declare myself a soldier of the cross and to express my faith in Christ and what He has wrought for us, lifting up my heart to Him that He may prepare me for that which is preparing for me.” It is needless to say that among all those men of science and the world there was not one whose eyes did not fill with tears at the young man’s loyalty to the greatest principles and powers of which we know, — God and his mother. On Duty. 1 " * * i , / January 3, 1895. 1 0 (io) STATE REPORTERS. Alabama— Mrs. Julia H. McBryde, 308 St. Louis St., Mobile. Arizona — Mrs. L. C. Hughes, Tucson. Arkansas — Mrs. U. P. Edmonson, Little Rock. California— Mrs. Dorcas J. Spencer, 826 Waller St., San Francisco. California (S.)— Miss G. T. Stickney, Temperance Temple, Los An- geles. Carolina (N.) — Mrs. 3. V. Tomlinson, Greensboro. Carolina (8.) — % Colorado— Mrs. Dinnie McDoyle Hayes, Denver. Conn ecticut— Miss M. Belle Smith, Rockfall. Dakota (North)— Mrs D. W. Shinn, Casselton. Dakota. (South)— -Mrs. Chestina S. Thorp, Britton. Delaware— Mrs. Mary L. Cox. Middletown. District of Columbia— Mrs. Clinton Smith, Y20 19th street, N. W. Washington. Florida — Sallie J. Glenn, Tampa. Georgia — Mrs. Isabella Webb Parks, South Atlanta. Idaho — Mrs. Mary E. McGee, Nampa. Illinois— Mrs. G. H. Read, 412 E. North street, Bloomington. Indiana— Mrs. Cornelia Meadows, 114 Line St., Evansville. Indian Ten'itory — Mrs. Sarah Ford. Crosby, Muscogee. Iowa— Mrs. Clara P. White, Volga. Kansas — Mrs. S. S. Weatherby, Le Roy. Kentucky— Miss Mary Rogers, 128 E. Maxwell street, Lexington. Loti isia na-^-M rs. S. A. lvnupp, Lake ( harles. Maine — Miss Mary French, Auburn. Maryland — Mrs. Margaret A. Lake, 2231 St. Paul St, Baltimore. Massachusetts— Dr. Louise Purington. 23 Allston St., Dorchester, Michigan — Mrs. C. H. Johnson, Flint. Minnesota — Mrs. Amy A. Green, 2208 Oakland avenue, Minneapolis Mississippi — Mrs. Annie E. Harper, Fayette. Missouri — Miss Lilian Wood, Maryville. Montana — Maggie E. Templeton, Helena. Nebraska — Mrs. Dora V. Wheelock. Beatrice. Nevada— Mrs. Lucy M. Vandeventer, Reno. New Hampshire — Mrs. Mary E. Partridge, Claremont. New Jersey — Mrs. N. L. Caminade, Trenton. New Mexico — Mrs. Eva May Tucker, East Las Vegas. New York — Mrs. Frances Graham, l.ockport. Ohio — Mrs. Antoinette Clevenger, Wilmington. Okl ihoma — Mrs. Sue Brown, Oklahoma City. Oregon — Mrs. L. A. Nash, Corvallis. Pennsylvania — Miss Adda Burch, Smethport. Rhode Island— Miss Miriam Earle, ‘Valley Falls. Tennessee — Mrs. T. P. Holman, Fayetteville. 'Texas — Mrs. Cornelia Keith Carter, West End, San Antonio. Utah — Miss E. E. Shepard, 826 E. 7th East St., So. Salt Lake City. Vermont — Mrs. E. S. Farr, Bristol. $ Virginia — Mrs. Howard M. Hoge, Lincoln. Virginia (TF.)— Miss Kate Ebert, Fairmont. Washington (E ast)- Wnshingtan ( West)— Mrs. Etta Jones, Kent. Wisconsin — Miss Lois Russell, Eau Claire. Wyoming— Mrs. F. A. Jones, Green River. Canadian Reporter— Mrs. Margaret G. Ure, 772 Palace St.. Montreal. WISCONSIN. A DIGEST OF CONVENTIONS. During the last few months our white-ribboners have seen busy with convention work. From every part of che state come cheering reports of helpful conventions, district and county. We have suffered this year in Wisconsin from terrible forest fires; we keenly feel the “hard times”; we are suf- fering some confusion and loss through changing onr dis- tricts to correspond with the congressional districts; there are other hindrances to our work heretofore un- known to Wisconsin workers; but despite all these obstacles, which account for a rather smaller attendance than is usual at our conventions, yet the most encourag- ing enthusiasm and loyalty are reported, wise and broad plans of work were laid, and are now being prosecuted with self-sacrificing zeal and devotion. In several cases part of the time of the convention was devoted to a school of methods, which will doubtless re- sult in good to our cause. More and more our women desire to be skilled workers, and they find the school of methods a wonderful help to that end. There seemed to be a disposition on part of most qf the conventions to take up fewer departments of work, and to concentrate the energies on them, thus making a thorough success of the few, rather than accomplishing a little in many liues. Our women are learning the value of reporting their conventions and work. In one conven- tion a reporter was appointed for each organized county and one for all the unorganized counties, their duty being to send a report of the convention, written in a style to be interesting to outsiders, to every newspaper in their respective territories. Thus it was hoped, by means of all the newspapers in the district, to send to all the homes in that district a message of cheer, telling what “the tem- perance women” have done, and are planning to do. A feature of several of the conventions was a “yonng people’s evening.” Sometimes it was a Demorest con- test, sometimes a miscellaneous temperance program, but always one result was that some young people were up- lifted and helped by this close contact with earnest work- ers, and ihe blessedness of helping so appealed to their hearts that more than one young life was reverently ded- icated to our cause. In one convention the consecration service led by the district president assumed the form of each woman’s con- secrating herself to some special line of our work for one month. Who can estimate the good that will grow out of the faithful performance of such vows? Here are some of them, “To devote all my spare time for a month to working for subscribers to The Union Signal.” “The same for The Motor , our state paper.” “I will work with all loving tact and patience and faithfulness to secure the introduction of proper physiologies in our schools.” “I will work to interest people in and raise money for our W. 0. T. U. home for unfortunate girls.” “I can seldom go away from home, but I will promise that every person who comes into my home during the month shall be spoken to about the temperance work, and if possible enlisted in it.” “I will wear my white ribbon constantly, on ray work dress so that my children and the grocery boy and meat man shall know I ’don’t wear it ’for show.” “I will devote one month to helping make our L. T. L. more of a success.” Much interest is reported in the Demorest contest work, one union having held nine silver and two gold medal contests. THE UNION SIGNAL. It is interesting to note the unanimity of sentiment in the resolutions of the various conventions. Almost with- out exception, though in differing phraseology, they pledge our snpport to that political party which in its platform and by its ballots declares for the prohibition of the liquor traffic and the enfranchisement of women. The equal suffrage resolutions grow more and more nu- merous and earnest and meaningful; and the intelligent white-ribboner who is not also an equal suffragist is now a rarity. At several of onr conventions her comrades had great pleasure in again greeting our former state president, Mrs. Amy Kellogg Morse, whose old time ready helpfulness and unselfish, optimistic spirit were hailed with joy by our workers. We are more than glad to welcome back to Wisconsin Mrs. Morse and husband who is also a devoted and tireless Christian worker. The Congregational church at Tomah is to be congratulated on having secured Mr. Morse as its pastor. We are all grateful for the convalescence of our beloved state treasurer, Mrs. Hetta S. Hastings, of Green Bay, who was long shut in with typhoid fever. The hearts of onr white-ribboners go out in sympathy and prayer to 'our state president, Mrs. V. H. Campbell, who has recently been bereaved by the death of her father. May the God of all comfort be consciously and helpfully near her in these sad days when she tries to comfort her mother, and in the days when she comes back to begin again the constant jonrneyings, the wide correspondence, the heavy responsibilities of the office wherein she works so unremittingly for God and Home and Native Land. Lois Russell, State Reporter. Eau Claire. . PENNSYLVANIA PENCILINGS. The rapid flight of time warns your reporter that she must be “up and doing” if she would begin the new year aright; so with this as an incentive we hasten to make the most of the material now on hand. The great conventions are over and we have time to plan onr work for the coming year. The one special work of our state this year is to be organization, and to aid in the work two good women have been appointed, Mrs. Augusta Goodale Fairchild, of Frutcheys, Monroe county, and Mrs. U, K. Brown, Danville, Montour county. May their efforts be abundantly blessed and they have the hearty cooperation of all the white-ribboners. One new name has been added to the lecture bureau this year, that of Miss Lee Anna Starr, of Bellevue, Pa. The following items of interest from Lehigh county are sent us. The superintendent of L. T. L. work dis- tributed, duringjthe past year, over twenty thousand pages of literature in the temperance school, besides this four thousand pages were distributed by the superintendent. The press superintendent reports that the Allentown city papers have given nearly four and one-half columns of space for temperance items. The Girls’ Parlor and Reading Room is doing a grand work for the young women of Allentown. This room is under the auspices of the white-ribboners and is the only one of its kind in the city. It has a fine circulating library, together with magazines and papers, and a fine piano is one of its attractions. This county held its sixth convention in September, and has taken up nine depart- ments of work. Bucks county held its semi-annnal convention at Quaker- town, with a representation of twenty unions having a membership of 605 members, besides 79 honoraries, 42 Y’s and 20 Loyal Temperance Legions; 39 new members were added this past year. This county shows a remarkable record for good work done as the following items will testify: eighty of the public schools use the indorsed text books, leaving fifty- three yet to be won over. They have contributed to the Temple fund, $194, $17.30 to Temperance Hospital, $25 for convention expenses, and have $132 balance in the county treasury. Rev. C. H. Mead and the Silver Lake Quartette were the evening attractions at the convention. The Wakefield union has enjoyed the services of Mr. and Mrs. Dr. Whit- ney, who conducted a series of gospel temperance meet- ings. Emma D. Eyere, comity superintendent of temper- ance instruction, gave a delightful talk to the Wakefield L. T. L. Yardly L. T. L., under the efficient management of Mrs. Sarah B. Knowles and ten teachers, meets weekly, — one meeting in each mouth is devoted to Band of Mercy work. This Legion sent one dollar to L. T. L. room in the National Temperance Hospital. Lawrence county holds a school of methods on the first Friday of each month at the home of the president, 118 East North street, New Castle. Any white-ribboner who should chance to be in the city or could make it conven- ient to come, is cordially invited to meet with the ladies. The first one tfiis year was conducted by Mrs. Butler, superintendent of temperance instruction, and who hopes to secure a local superintendent for every township in the county as well as to visit personally many of the schools. She urged unions $o put Mrs. Hunt’s Monthly Advices into every school. Croton union held a pastor social at the home of their president, Mrs. Lide Rhoads. Several delegates from the state convention were present and gave their reports. This union was the banner union for increase of membership. Its president is a recent con- vert to the white ribbon sisterhood. Slippery Rock union held a parlor meeting at the home of Mrs. M. Hunt, at which several fine recitations were given, and Mrs. Alford spoke on the duty of the W. C. T. U. toward county fairs. Lawrence county has elected Mrs. Maggie Speir Gibson to act as special reporter to help the state reporter for The Union Signal, an exarqple to other unions to “go and do likewise.” Philadelphia Y’s gave a reception to Miss A. E. Thomas at First Y Headquarters on her return from National Convention, to which she was a delegate. A very pleasant social time was enjoyed. Speeches were made by Volney B. Cushing, of Maine, and Dr. Harriet B. French. Miss Thomas presented an excellent report. First Y also held a successful Donation Day on December 10. Fancy arti- cles were sold, and donations came in to gladden the hearts of the workers. First Y leads in good, practical work. Their motto is “United for Victory.” A pretty souvenir bearing this inscription was given to every Y present Y night at state convention. Darby nnion has erected and presented to the borough a free drinking fountain; the trough is a solid block of granite bearing the following inscription cut in the stone, and the letters gilded so as to be very plain: “No drink is so good as pure water, ’Tis the one that never makes sad.” On the end is inscribed, “Presented to the Borough by the Darby Women’s Christian Temperance Union, September 28, 1894.” The L. T. L. and school children took part in the dedicatory exercises. Clearfield county sends out a very systematic and excel- lent plan of work, and we wish that space were granted us to specify a few of the many good points. Bradford union held a successful mothers’ meeting in December. Grove City union, Mercer county, is arranging for a franchise contest, to be held in the near future. Mill- brook union has been bereaved by the death of their treas- urer, Miss Maria Smith. Among the number who have gone to join the great majority in the heavenly kingdom from our state, we name the following: Mrs. Mary Mc- Kee, McKees Rocks; Annie Moore, Drumore; Mrs. Asher Ecslin, Gravity, and Mr. Stearns, husband of our state superintendent of mercy. Our state superintendent of L. T. L. being as yet unable to resume her work (though improving), has selected Mrs. Elma Preston as her assistant. Pennsylvania was represented by thirty-four delegates at the National Convention. Will not every county do as Lawrence county has done; appoint some one in every county who shall be expected to report to the state Reporter? But don’t wait for this. If no other way, will the corresponding secretary of each union send postal card reports? Don’t wait till the news is stale. During the past year I have been under special obligations to the press reporters of Bucks, Chester, Fay- ette, aud Luzerne counties, for good reports sent promptly. I hope tl^eyear to come may be richly crowned with God’s blessing on our work, and wish you all a merry Christmas and Happy New Year. Adda Burch, State Reporter, Smethport. ALABAMA. THE ELEVENTH ANNUAL CONVENTION of the W. C. T. U. is already to be marked as one of our most stirring ones; most probably it will be pronounced in time the most fruitful one yet held. Miss Belle Kearney, always inspiring, always eloquent, was one of the speakers from a distance. Mrs. Tomlin- son, of North Carolina, and Miss Ellen Groenendyke, missionary from South Africa, were also appreciated guests. The election of officers was especially happy. Mrs. Martha L. Spencer was unanimously elected president. She enters now on the fourth year of her leadership. Every year since the union of the state lias been in her hands it has increased its interest, widened its work and deepened its spirituality. Mrs. Spencer, though a North- ern woman by birth, is the incarnation of Southern sun- shine; she has a great, warm, sunny heart that enables her to see the best of everything and everybody, to smooth over all rough places, to press strongly on to the highest goal. Her sunny face and her bright smile inspire all with trust in her justice, amiability and unfaltering courage. She has that invincible softness that Miss Willard so ear- nestly recommends. No better officer could be chosen to lead the nnion. Mrs. Sallie M. Eskew was elected recording secretary. Since the formation of the union she has, with the excep- tion of one year, ably filled that office. That one year her resignation was accepted with deep regret and only on condition that she fesume the office the next year. Mrs. Annie R. Searcy was reelected treasurer; Mrs. Searcy is the right woman in the right place. Miss Julia Tutwiler was reappointed superintendent of prison and jail work. She has long held that position in her native state, Alabama. She is the founder of the convict schools at the camps in the state, and holds from the governor of the state, office of superintendent of con- vict schools. No one gives to her department more self- sacrificing work than Miss Tutwilei;. ’ The new appointments are of women, equally earnest and zealous as are these, the tried and true. Of all the faithful W. C. T. U. workers in our state not one receives, or has ever received, a salary or any money recompense for labor. All is the free and eagerly offered gift of con- secrated women. For the first time a fund is being raised by special call for state workers; an appropriate call and a much needed fand, for there should be in each state one or more women who give their whole time to the work; this cannot be A cream of tartar baking powder. Highest of all in leavening strength. — Latest United States Government Food Report. Royal Baking Powder Co., 106 Wall St., N.Y. Januaby 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (ii) 1 1 done by any one without some sort of “liv- ing wage.” A new and important appoint- ment is to be made by the executive com- mittee: A woman, able and consecrated to the work, is to be sent by the union to the state capitol to remain all during the ses- sion of the legislature in the interest of tem- perance legislation. Delegates appointed to the next National are Mrs. Spencer and Miss Tutwiler. Mabtha Young, Qreensborough. NEW MEXICO. GOOD WOEK OF THE CATSKILL UNION. November 14, 1893, Mrs. M. J. Borden, territorial president of New Mexico, organ- ized a Woman’s Christian Temperance Union of seven members at Catskill. At the second meeting twelve members were enrolled a#d growth in strength has been the watchword since that time. At their third meeting they discussed the question of building a church as their year’s work. Committees were appointed to di- rect and assist in raising the necessary amount of funds. Entertainments were given, mill owners waited upon for dona- tions of lumber, Mr. Pels interviewed con- cerning lots on which to build, and citizens allowed to give as much money as they wished. The profits from entertainments were vastly more than the women expected in so small a place as Catskill. Men responded generously to this call for aid from the W. C. T. U. and seem to have left nothing un- done which would help to accomplish the task undertaken. Some donated their ser- vices, thus lessening the cost of the build- ing very materially. Step at a time the carpenter’s, plasterer’s and painter’s work was completed. The W. C. T. U. ladies themselves, with some volunteer assistance, painted the inside woodwork. The church is comfortably furnished with chairs, stoves, lights — indeed, it has all that is required to make it a very neat, pleasant house in which to worship. On Easter Sunday, 1894, Deaconess Mar- tin, then of Raton, laid the corner-stone. September 9, Mrs. Borden, assisted by Rev. J. M. Whitlock, dedicated the church to the Master and His cause. (It is interesting to note that the men of Catskill thought a woman should dedicate the church, as the women were the instruments in having it built.) So far, ministers from neighboring Pres- byterian, Methodist and Christian churches have held services the first, second and third Sundays in the month. A Sunday- school flourishes and the good men and women of Catskill are rejoiced to have a knowledge of the Saviour taught each Lord’s day. This prodigy of a union, just one year old, impresses one with the belief that even a small number of earnest women can do much in the name of Him who said, “Fear not, little flock, for it is your Father’s good pleasure to give you the kingdom.” October 15, Mrs. Bcrden preached at Catskill; in the afternoon addressed the L. T. L. (at which meeting many mothers were present) and in the evening lectured on her favorite theme — temperance. Her listeners were deeply interested and at the close of her address five ladies and five gentlemen signed the pledge and donned the white ribbon. This union understands how to secure new members — its president solicits names and always gets them. There is no union at Cerrillos, but Mrs. N. A. Jackson is the leader of an L. T. L., and is doing all in her power to make it interesting and profitable to the little ones. She has them meet every two weeks to study temperance literature. Temperance leaflets dre distributed where they will do most good. In various ways she is trying to teach the children that the only safe, use- ful, beautiful life is that of the total ab- stainer, and ’tis the Little drops of whisky, Little grains of opium. Makes the mighty army That yearly goes to ruin. Eva May Tucker, Territorial Reporter, E. Las Vegas. NEW HAMPSHIRE. With the coming of December’s frost and snow the needs of the department of work among lumbermen comes into greater prominence. This department is under the efficient charge of Mrs. W. A. Loyne, of Jefferson, N. H., and in her third annual report, which lies beforo me, I fin'd these items of interest. To reach the men and their families in these northern forests it has been found needful to have a camp mis- sionary. In the past year this faithful worker, Mr. A. H. Drury, has traveled 5,042 miles, many of them on foot, visiting 263 camps and mill boarding houses, distribut- ing 350 large bundles of reading matter, 425 Bibles and Testaments, and 400 comfort bags, besides conducting 115 services. In addition to this the superintendent, Mrs. Loyne, has distributed a large amount of reading matter and library cases among such of the lumbermen as she could reach. This is a grand field for Christian work, as many of these people have no religious priv- ileges at all, until brought to them in this way. The W. C. T. U. of New Hampshire ie much indebted to friends in sister states for their kind interest and liberal donations to this cause, for only by earnest individual thought and labor can this valuable work go on. Many of the lumbermen and their families are leading Christian lives, being first awakened to their needs by this work of the W. C. T. U. STATE JOTTINGS. Hampton Falls union, comprising only eighteen members, reports excellent work the past year, parlor meetings, Demorest medal contests and good growth and inter- est in the L. T. L. Meriden union has added sixty-six names to its pledge book the past year, having aroused interest by parlor meetings and lectures, sending literature to the lumber- men and aiding their local poor. The union at Derry, saddened and dis- heartened by the death of their beloved president, Mrs. Haskins, are bravely rousing themselves to carry on the work she so faithfully aided with her counsels; they have sent ten dollars to Mercy Home as a me- morial of Mrs. Haskins. The Newport union reports sixteen dol- lars and a barrel of literature sent the lum- bermen. Every saloon is at present closed in the city of Nashua, by the efforts of the Law and Order League. The reports of the annual county conven- tions of Strafford and Merrimack counties are full of encouragement and interest; lunches and hot coffee served at state fairs, money and supplies 6ent to Mercy Home, literature and funds sent Mrs. Loyne 4or work among lumbermen, medal contests and L. T. L. entertainments; surely no work is more valuable for the cause than that which interests and educates our chil- dren rightly. New Hampshire women rejoice with all their hearts over the grand and successful National Convention, and from the many wise and earnest plans there counseled we shall gain fresh impetus for our work the coming year. M. Elizabeth Partridge, State Reporter , Claremont. DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. EXPECTING COMPANY. The World’s W. C. T. U. expects to hold a series of meetings in Washington about the middle of February next, when the Polyglot Petition will be presented to our government. Mrs. La Fetra who was for many years our District president, and Mrs. Griffith, our present District president, have been appointed to prepare for it. They think it is none too early to begin. The time set is just previous to the two weeks’ meeting of the national council of women, when many distinguished visitors will be here and a multiplicity of good things may be expected. Those ladies were requested by Miss Willard to confer together and pre- pare for the coming of the World’s officials. They selected a few helpers from the execu- tive board of the District union and have gone to work in earnest. The local unions will assist in a reception at the home of the District president. They have the refusal of the largest hall in the city for the even- ing of February 15, the time selected for the presentation speeches to be made. The W. C. T. U. of the District of Colum- bia has the advantage of state unions in one thing. Its territory is so compact that the members can be brought together quickly and inexpensively. Our annual meeting is usually held in some large church in the cen- tral part of Washington. The noon lunch- eon is like a basket picnic, the entertain- ing union furnishing tea and coffee. The delegates pass the night in their own homes. The various lines of street cars make ac- cessible distant points, such as Anacostia and Brookland; while Washington and Georgetown are virtually one city. In all these places there are auxiliary unions. The general officers and presidents of local unions, together with the superintend- ents of departments, form an “executive board” whjch meets at least once a month to supervise the work, plan and discuss methods and review the departments. Mrs. Griffith, the president of the W. C. T. U. of the District of Columbia, can call the board together very quickly when necessities arise. We are blessed above many state unions in being able to hold “quarterly meetings,” where reports from secretary, treasurer and all departments are submitted. A large amount of interesting master is al- ways coming up at these meetings, which helps keep the rank and file interested. The quarterly meeting, like the annual meeting, is a delegated body, but members of local unions have all the privileges ex- cept to vote. Mrs. M. Platt, our able superintendent of literature and president of North Capitol auxiliary, has instituted a new departure which resulted in something very fine. She invited the District W. C. T. U. to hold in North Capitol M. E. church a meeting sim- ilar to a quarterly meeting but not dele- gated, so every one could have full privi- leges. Her program was interesting and well carried out. The whole day was spent pleasantly and profitably in discussing questions vital to our work without any of the fatigue or routine of business. A law prevails in the District of Colum- bia that no policeman on duty or wearing a uniform can drink intoxicants on pain of being discharged.- The unusual specta- cle is presented of policemen seeking mem- bership in temperance societies. Many of those aspiring to positions on the police force seek the influence of Mrs. Griffith and other temperance women to recommend them to the commissioners. This influence is not given without a personal knowledge of the character of the applicant. Mrs. Clinton Smith, District Reporter . 720 19th St., N. W, NEW YORK STATE NEWS. ALBANY COUNTY met at Delmar, thirteen unions being rep- resented. Plans Were matured for estab- lishing a coffee house in Albany. Excellent papers were read, strong resolutions adopted and a most profitable session in every re- spect was held. Many good points were brought out by the free discussions on the several lines of department work. This county has six hundred paying members and has taken up twenty-seven departments. COLUMBIA COUNTY held its tenth annual at Chatham Centre. Mrs. Mary J. Weaver was present and gave one of her beautiful Bible readings and an evening address. Reports, papers and dis- cussions filled the time most profitably, a paper on “Non-alcoholics in Medicine” being especially fine and instructive. Many helpful suggestions were contained in the annual address of the president. CLINTON COUNTY met at West Chazy, and judging from the report sent me, this was a most profitable convention. The devotional exercises were especially helpful. Mrs. Helen L. Bullock, of Elmira, gave a forceful and eloquent ad- dress at the evening meeting, and at the close several new names were added to the membership roil. Interesting papers were read. Mrs. Frances D. Hall has been presi- dent of this county ever since its organiza- tion, eight years ago, and Mrs. 0. K. Smith, vice-president. Mrs. Bullock conducted a parliamentary drill the morning of the sec- ond day. This county has a beautiful new silk banner which will henceforth appear at all conventions. SULLIVAN COUNTY although long silent has not been inactive. Her eighth annual convention was held at Roscoe, nine unions being represented and all the county officers being present. Re- ports showed that the women there are working systematically. Five new depart- ments were adopted. L. T. L. work has been made prominent during the past year, and a report of the state L. T. L. meeting at Cortland was given by one of the boys and was especially interesting, and the fu- ture hope lies'm these boys and girls. My correspondent says, “even for a cider-tip- pling, rum-steeped county like Sullivan, there is hope in the thought that hundreds of her boys and girls are being taught in temperance schools, that cider contains a deadly poison.” Many amusing incidents were related in the franchise report, and at the close a strong suffrage resolution was adopted, ex- pressing faith in the ultimate triumph of the cause. The president’s address was ex- ceedingly helpful, and the parliamentary drill, Bible reading and lecture by Mrs. Boole added greatly to the interest of the convention. DUTCHESS COUNTY convention was held at Madalin, in the De Peyster Memorial church. A steady down- pour of rain made the attendance smaller than usual, but the lack of numbers was made up in enthusiasm, and a most profit- able meeting held. The regulaj business was carried forward with promptness and the welcome and response were both well received. Mrs. Nelson, the president, gave a brief summary of the work done through the county and spoke tender words in mem- ory of those who have laid down the work here forever. She referred to the new workers coming on to take their places, of NEW EDITION (Revised and Enlarged.) RICHARDSON’S NEW METHOD FOR THE PIANOFORTE 1ilThe most notable publication in its field of this generation.” 1 P 1 "■ This famous classic in Piano Instruction cm- bodies the very latest and most progressive ideas in Teaching. For half a century it has held the first rank among books of its class. Copies of the old edition have been Hold. t The new enlarged edition, now issued, has undergone a critical revision by the eminent authority, Mr. W. 8. U. MATTHEWS, and contains the following additions to the old book New Amusements. New Annotations. Dr. Mason's Celebrated System of Touch and Technics. EVERY TEACHER SHOULD OWN A COPY. Price (American or Foreign Fingering), by mail, postpaid LYON & HEALY, Chicago, III. OLIVER DITS0N COMPANY, BOSTON. I Qive 1 | Silver. I 3 For Christmas presents ‘5 ct there is nothing more |J 8 suitable. Articles in c Meriden | Britannia Co’s § 3 silver plate are especially adapted © © for gifts, as the quality is so well |> 3 known. In design and finish, © (| this celebrated plate equals the |j J best solid silver. And it wears. © jsl On spoons, forks, etc., our trade mark is “ 1847 Rogers Bros.” © 3 If you cannot procure these goods of 0 C§ your dealer, write us and we will give © 3 necessary information. © Meriden Britannia Co., Meriden, Conn. © g New York, Chicago, San Francisco. © ct <s> FERRIS’ G522 sense waists Are made In A VARIETY OF SHAPES-to fit SHORT. MEDIUM, and LONG Wal«t«. (in ■■ p CTimV Success In Business LIf« HlBIWh ^ W T ■ is within the reach of all IB M IWI OB who take a thorough Business College course at Home, by Mall. It will pay to investigate. Cat. free. Trial lesson 10o. BRYANT & STRATTON. 77Golleae Bldfl.. Buffalo, N.Y. Mil I CD’Q New York City, 39 West 36th Street. . ^ A Prohibition Horae, latronized by HOTEL. W. C. T. U. workers Visiting New York. Turkish, Electric, Roman Baths. Address CHARLES II. HAYNES, Prop. iLESMEN WANTED»e^?«r S >n sight to every business manor firm; liberal salary, monev A $1 Magazine for 30c. Send 30 cents and names of 6 people who might sub- scribe, and we will send you The St. Louis Maga- zine a full year. The price of the magazine is »1 a year. A Barnple copy for (J cepts. Address ST. LOUIS MAGAZINE =^voEST- FITS CURED ( From U. S. Journal of Medicine.) Prof. W. p.Peeke,who makes a specialty of Epilepsy, has without doubt treated and cured more cases than any living Physician; his success is astonishing. Wo have heard of cases of 20 years’ standing cured by him. He pnbl ishes a valuable work on this disease which he sends with a large bottle of his absolute cure, free to any sufferer who may send their P.O. and Express ad- dress. We advise anyone wishing a cure to address, Prof. W. H. PEEKE, F. D., 4 Cedar St., New York, 1 2 (12) THE UNION SIGNAL. Januaby 3, 1896. jyw unions organized. Reports were heard, i question* box conducted by Mrs. Masso- neau, and resolutions adopted. The reso- lutions committee referred very feelingly to Mrs. E. V. Seaman, who for years has served faithfully as corresponding secretary, but who has been obliged to resign owing to ill health. The evening address was deliv- ered by Rev. Fields Hermance, of Pough- keepsie, who drove through the rain a dis- tance of fifty-two miles to keep his engage- ment. All honor to our brother! JEFFERSON COUNTY held its convention at Adams Centre, and every union but one sent delegates and visitors. A fine program was carried out to the letter. The address of the first evening was given by the county president, Rev. Ella Gurney, and a gold medal contest occu- pied the second evening. Each contestant was presented with a book, and Miss Viola Davis was the winner of the medal. Ten departments of work were taken up for the coming year, the finances are in good con- dition and the women enthusiastic and per- sistent. There are twelve unions in the county, and each one is alive to the im- portance of our work. Interesting papers were read during the session. At the elec- tion of officers everything remained the same with the exception of president, Mrs. Gurney not wishing to continue. Mrs. T. B. Knowles, of Watertown, was elected. The next convention goes to La Fargeville. KINGS COUNTY held an exceedingly interesting quarterly meeting in Calvary Baptist church, Brook- lyn, which opened with a Bible reading by Mrs. E. Patterson, of Rescue union. Mrs. Braman read a paper on the work of the evangelistic department, which was followed by a discussion on the need of immediate action in the department of purity in liter- ature and art. An interesting hour was given to the work of the Y’s, under the direc- tion of the county organizer. The program consisted of singing, an dssay on King Al- cohol and a leoture on the relation of cook- ery to temperance. Excellent addresses by Rev. A. Cameron and Rev. G. T. Berry closed the meeting. OSWEGO COUNTY • convention was held at Phoenix and was a wonderfully bright and Interesting meeting. After the welcome and response, two minute reports of local unions were heard. Fulton has the largest union, having 118 members. Oswego comes next with seventy-five. The work has been pushed untiringly by the county president, Mrs. S. M. Barker, four new unions having been organized in the county. Mrs. Ella A. Boole gave a parliamentary drill, and in the evening an address on “Ne- hemiah and the walls of Jerusalem.” Mrs. Mary D. Ferguson, of Syracuse, was pres- ent and gave an interesting talk on her de- partment of soldiers and sailors; Miss Vin- nie R. Davis, of Orwell, followed with a report on franchise, and she reminded her hearers that in New York state last fall twenty thousaud women did actually vote for school commissioner. Excellent reso- lutions were adopted and the convention adjourned feeling that this had been one of the best of conventions. And this ends the list of conventions. Mbs. Fbanoes Gbaham, State Reporter , Lockport. NEWS IN A NUTSHELL All white-ribboners will be glad to learn that Mother Stewart is recovering from her severe illness, and will join sending her, as does The Union Signal, best wishes for the coming year. The Reading, Mich., union recently had the pleasure of listening to two very inter- esting lectures, by Mrs. E. N. Law, state organizer of Michigan. Mrs. Law held the dose attention of the audience during both lectures, and closed each with a line recita- tion which was appreciated. Special prayer was offered for Mrs. Mary T. Lathrap at the prayer-meeting held in the Y. M. C. A. building, Cleveland, on De- cember 23, to mark the twenty-first anni- versary of Crusade beginning in Ohio, that she might be sustained to the last and have a joyful entrance into the upper kingdom. An unusual proportion of honorary mem- bers graces the McComb, Miss., onion which has a membership two-thirds honoraries who number 120. They are planning for permanent headquarters. At a recent meet- ing the president gave a stirring talk ad- dressed principally to the honorary mem- beiship. One of our state presidents sends the fol- lowing plucky declaration: “We are moving slowly, as we have butted our heads against the stone wall of the M. E. Church South this year by indorsing the Prohibition party and woman’s suffrage. Just think of it! But we are holding our own with clear Saxon grit and it will be better farther on.” COUGHS ANi) Hoarseness. The irritation that Induces coughing is immediately relieved by using “ Brown's Bronchial Troches:1 The North Nebraska Teachers’ Associa- tion has three women upon its list of state officers; Mrs. Charlotte M. White, of Wayne, being the president, Mrs. F. Wallis, the sec- retary, and Mrs. Emily Hornberger, of Nor- folk, treasurer. This is the first instance in which a woman has been elected to a state presidency of the Teachers’ Associa- tion in the West, and probably in the United States. A loyal woman from Virginia writes: “I am the only wearer of the white ribbon in our village. I belong to the Staunton W. C. T. U. which Miss Willard organized four- teen years ago. I pay my dues, wear ^he white ribbon everywhere I go, subscribe for and read The Union Signal and indorse it in almost everything, and wish we had a union here, but there is opposition on ac- count of our progressive views.” Db. and Mbs. Whitney contemplate a temperance trip to Jamaica this winter. It is a happy thing that they can make this journey because an urgent request has come from the vice-president on that island, Miss Constantin Maddix, of Kingston, that a worker be sent. Mrs. Whitney will be re- membered as Mrs. Woodbury, whose efficient work did so much to place the Demorest medal contest on a firm basis. Rev. Db. and Mbs. Boole are well ranked among the able exponents of the temper- ance reform. There is not in this country another pair equally endowed and devoted who are equally zealous for the white rib- bon cause. Last year in the city of Utica Mrs. Boole spoke under the auspices of a union of all the Christian Endeavor socie- ties of the city. Mrs. Boole is young and strong and may be expected to lead the van of much good work in the future, as she has done in the past. Ihe attention of Michigan workers is called to the petitions which are being pre- pared for signatures to be presented to the legislature at its next session asking for a submission to popular vote of a state constitutional amendment prohibiting the manufacture, importation and sale of in- toxicating liquors except for sacramental, medicinal and scientific purposes. All who can aid in this work by circulating peti- tions are requested to send name and ad- dress to J. Benson Hill, M. D., Box 455 Ovid, Clinton county, Mich. White-bibbonebs are again warned against the machinations of a Mrs. A. D. Bellah who goes about misrepresenting her- self as an accredited W. C. T. U. worker. She thus gains the confidence of workers which she uses to further her dishonest ends. Recently she introduced herself to a South- ern leader as a “confidential friend of the late Mrs. Woodbridge” and numerous state presidents. In this way she secured a letter of introduction and other favors, among them the cashing of a check for $125. The check was worthless, and the innocent white- ribboner is the loser in money but richer in experience. Fortunately there are very few such developments in the W. C. T. U. ranks, and when they do occur, The Union Sig- nal stands ready to warn its constituency against such wolves in sheep’s clothing. An earnest correspondent gives the fol- lowing practical hint: “It is possible to secure a strong ally in the railroads of our land by urging managers to issue orders that no employ^ can sign applications for license. Let all license states try this promptly. In one town of twelve thousand the order to that effect from one railroad cut off forty-seven names that had figured on that black list for years. Every little helps; we must seize our opportunities great and small. There was never a time in the history of the work when there was so much need of urgent, uncompromising, consecrated, incessant work as now, because our enemy feels the quicksand under his feet giving, as our work exposes it, and he is bringing the skill of all evil to bear against us.” St. John’s, Newfoundland, is the scene of a work of faith, the Puritan Mission of Love, conducted by G. W. Singer. They are desirous of building a temperance tem- nle and Puritan homes of love for little orphans. Mr. Singer writes: “Already in about twenty villages I have small lending libraries where temperance and other books are on the shelves. Last year four hundred villages received tracts from myself, and over seventy Eskimo settlements were served the same way. I have j ust got ready parcels for the prisons and the house for the poor and the hospitals. The lonely men in lighthouses are to have a Christmas parcel each and so are the police in every New- oundland district. I need tracts and books against opium, tobacco, impurity -and gambling as well as against the thrice cursed drink cursed by Father, Son and blessed bpmt, aye, and even by the millions of those|who touch, taste and handle it. May God quickly banish the drink from thi‘s colony— the oldest and most neglected of Britain’s possessions.” A W. C. T. U. mass-meeting, composed of four unions, Bromley, St. Anthony, Bevins Grove and Bangor, met at Bangor, la., De- cember 15. Owing to the inclemency of the weather many were absent, so subjects for discussion were substituted. The ques- tion, “Why am I a white-ribboner?” was responded to by quite an experience meet- ing. The question, “Why are you not white-ribboners?” was responded to freely. One brother’s reason was that he is not a woman. Paper and pencil were passed, and this brother and six other individuals joined the union and are wearing the white ribbon. Extbact from a letter: “I am away down in the mountains of speaking and organizing W. C. T. unions. The people in this part of the state are so very poor that even when they are deeply interested and desire to join our society they cannot find the five or ten cents a month with which to pay dues, Tmt the home I am in is an inspiration to me. The people are very poor as everybody here is, but they joined the W. C. T. U. in another state seventeen years ago, and through its influence the power of heredity, of home influence and religion found lodgment in their minds and hearts. They told me that they began to economize in order to purchase books, and one thing after another was given up, be- ginning with coffee in order that they might subscribe for certain magazines they felt their children needed, and so on until their lives, shaped and moulded by these ideas, have been entirely changed, and a more in- telligent and appreciative family it would be hard to find.” Cor. Secy s J2otes . The National Minutes are printed, and the National officers are ready to receive orders for the same. They are also in an extremely self-congratulatory frame of mind, owing to the fact that the somewhat ponderous volume is before the public in a little less than a month from the close of Convention. The fact that the reports were printed before the Convention was a help in certain respects, but as each plate had to be refolioed it was not so great an one as would seem at first thought. Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens has been the moving spirit in their publication, but great credit is also due the W. T. P. A. printing force, and especially its superintendent of printing, Mr. D. C. Chris- tophel, both for the quality of the work and the speed with which it has been executed. Will you .kindly note in the aforesaid Minutes what is said under the head of Gen- eral Officers’ meeting, concerning the action requesting speakers who desire to make en- gagements sending their names and terms to Mrs. M. B. Horning, the Temple? Mrs. Horning has had experience for Rome time in making her mother’s, — Mrs. Barker — en- gagements, and for the past year has had charge of Mrs. Hoffman’s dates. She will attend to the matter on the basis of a per- centage and it is hoped that a permanent lecture bureau may be the outgrowth. This is of course purely .optional with the speaker and does not in the least affect the fact that the corresponding secretary is expected to arrange, so far as possible, for the routes of the National organizers and lecturers. That arrangement, however, must cover states only, and any individual lecturer preferring to have her dates and route arranged by Mrs. Horning is, of course, at perfect liberty to do so on the basis above mentioned. There will be of necessity some minor errors in the Minutes. Several corrections of addresses did not arrive until too late for insertion, and among the National evangel- ists should be inserted the names of Eliza- beth S. Tobey, Boston, and Elizabeth P. Gordon, Auburndale, Mass. These correc- tions will be made in the Annual Leaflet, and if there are any other errors which may be corrected there will you kindly call my attention to them, as tho preparation of that leaflet will be my next immediate work. Even as I write tho car-wheels are re- volving to the magic rhythm of “Home, Sweet Home,” and I am being whirled through Connecticut — Boston- ward — with Long Island Sound, bathed in the glory of the sunset, lying at my left, and the inde- finable, but nevertheless unmistakable New England atmosphere all about me. Neces- sary business carries me home for a few days, and it is a gladness to ray soul that business can be so combined with pleas- ure as to give me that most holy of holi- days— a home Christmas. Miss Willard’s presence in Boston will make the time spent there, I trust, of especial value to the work as well as of personal interest, and the early New Year will find me again at my desk. Meantime, our dear Mrs. Barker, Mrs. Horning and Mies Grow are holding the fort. God grant to each member of our brave army a blessed New Year. Kathabine Lente Stevenson. Don't neglect your children's teeth. Care for them constantly. The oest dentrifice is RuBifoAm For The TEETH J It is peerless for chil- dren. Its delicious flavor wins them. It keeps the teeth white and strengthens the gums. 25 cents. All Druggists. Sample vial free. Address E. W. Hoyt & Co., Lowell, Mass. SCOLDS gPREVENTED Three quarters of the colds, ^:3$and all that colds stand for, &$S£:need not be, if folks would take care and Calisaya U s §|:|£too — for children, old folks, pv&j everybody — For malaria you tn nrf f n C . A t." » card for Book of Sense. * * FREE TO EVERYBODY. DEAFNESS andhead noises relieved by using WILSON’S COMMON SENSE EARDRUMS. Entirely new, scientific I nventlon ; differentfrom allother devices; the only safe,8imple, comfortable, and [invisible ear drum iu the world. Hundreds are being benefltted Iwhere medical skill has failed. No string or wire attachment to irritate the ear. _ Write for pamphlet. iflviuc, KY, !32Tn«VAR' The Quickest Wav To the heart and mind la through the KYlfi— Use a STEREOPTI- CON to Illustrate your Lecture. Long list of Slides on TEMP- E RAN UE and kindred subjects, ByWrite for Catalogue. McINTOSH BATTERY and _ M OPTICAL COMP’Y. 621 to 631 Wabash- av- Chicago* MYHUSBANDc“r $GU Kenwood Machine for • $23.00 $50 Arlington Aashlae for • $19.50 Standard Singers . $8.00, $11.00 $16.00, and 27 other style.. All at* uichmcntaFREE. We pay freight ship any. where on SO day. free trial, in any homo without asking one cent in advance. Buy from factory. Save agents large profits. Orer 100,000 in ase. Catalogue andtestl- g h ’Wl ^monials Free. Write at once # Address 158-164 West « THE ELEVENTH EDITION. WHITE RIBBON VIBRATIONS — - Temperance Songs nr»rt*t published. The melodies are unusually pleastm and the words are right to the point. It covers a wid! them?8’ expressing rfll the varied emotions from the comic to the pathetic. Get it, and voui praise you^^ bless yob, and your old people wil I*rice 35c. Order direct of the author, FLORA H. CASSEL, Hastings, Neb. Ml Caieafc, Trade-marks, Design Patents, CopjrigMs, And all Patent business conducted for moderate fees. Information and advice given to Inventors without Charge. Address PRESS CLAIMS CO.f JOHN WEDDERBURN, Managing Attorney, P. O. Box 3S5. Washington, D. 0. •^Thifl Company is managed by a combination of the largest and most influential newspapers in tho I nited States, for the express purpose of protect- In* their subscriber* against unscrupulou/i and incompetent Patent Agents, and each paper printing this advertisement vouches for tho responsi- bility and highstanding of tho Press Claims Company. January 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (13) 13 treasurer s Corner. Christmas, with all its joys, is over. All our hearts have been stirred anew by the loving tokens given and received, and I trust we have all felt our hearts uplifted and warmed by the Christ-love that must ever be the inspiration of all true Christ- mas festivities. After all our friends have been remembered and greeted in the love and memory of Him who hath brought life and immortality to light, and hath made life worth the living, may we not look for a deeper interest in our work, a more faithful performance of its duties and more unself- ish sacrifice in behalf of our beloved W. C. T. U.? Some of our good friends, even in the midst of Christmas giving to home friends, have not forgotten the National but have sent their mites that we trust will be so greatly multiplied after the holidays, that we shall this year be able to carry on the legitimate expenses of the work with- out the necessity of paying interest on bor- rowed money, and if a few thousand of our white-ribboners will follow the example of these good sisters we shall be able to do this. Self-denial tokens have come from Mattie A. Richards, Natick, Mass., 30 cents. Mrs. M. E. Pease, Radcliffe, la., $4: (30 ten cent fund). Mrs. Webb, Plymouth, Conn., $2.50. Port Gibson W. C. T. U., (N. Y.) $1. Miss Eldred, Barneyville, $1. Mrs. Fox, Plain- ville, Conn, $1. While a few thoughtful ones have sent in their loving contributions to our birthday fund, don’t think that these good friends are one hundred years old because they have found it more convenient to send a good many more pennies than a careful counting of their years would warrant. Margaret T. W. Merrill sends $1 with kindly words of appreciation from Portland, Me. Mrs. Dora Terry, Glasgow, Ky., sends 50 cents, while Emily R. Gorham, Chester, Conn., sends $1.06 as birthday remembrance from her- self and a friepd. Send for the birthday en- velopes and give them out to your friends. Many will be glad to help our work by a small gift if their attention is called to this simple plan. Just a word about the Minutes. We are now sending them out. They contain 528 pages, giving full account of the Convention doings — all the reports of secretary, treas- urer, superintendents, with greetings from many notables as well as Miss Willard’s address in full. It is a volume unusually full of excellent matter, and every temper- ance worker, whether W. C. T. U* or not, should have a copy. They are sent for the nominal price of fifteen cents per copy, which very little more than pays the postage. Send in your orders at once if you wish a copy, or copies. A few more of Miss Wil- lard’s addresses at ten cents are left, but will very soon be gone. Wisconsin follows Ohio in remitting duos, and gets to the front in sending one hun- dred dollars the first month after Conven- tion. That is a good record. Mrs. Camp- bell, president, called upon us the day after Christmas en route to her home from Kan- sas, where she was called from Cleveland by the illness of her father. He died soon after her arrival. She will have the loving sympathy of ail white-ribboners in this sorrow. Happy New Year to every one. Helen M. Baekeb. PROHIBITION PARTY’S NATIONAL PLATFORM. Adopted at Cincinnati, 0-, June 30, 1892- The Prohibition Party, in National Convention assembled, acknowledging Almighty God as the source of all true government and His law as the standard to which human enactments must con- form to secure the blessings of peace and pros- perity, presents the following declaration of prin- ciples: 1. The liquor traffic is a foe to civilization, the arch enemy of popular government and a public nuisance. It is the citadel of the forces that cor- rupt politics, promote poverty and crime, degrade the Nation’s home life, thwart the will of the peo- ple and deliver our country into the hands of rapa- cious class interests. All laws that, under the guise of regulation, legalize and protect this traffic, nr make the government share in its ill-gotten gains, are “vicious in principle and powerless a9 a remedy.” We declare anew for the entire sup- pression of the manufacture, sale, importation, exportation and transportation of alcoholic liquors as a beverage by federal and state legislation. The full powers of government should be exerted to secure this result. No party that fails to recog- nize the dominant nature of this issue in Amer- ican politics deserves the support of the people. 2. No citizen should be denied the right to vote on account of sex, and equal labor should receive equal wages without regard to sex. 3. The money of the country should consist of gold, silver and paper , and be issued by the general government only, and in sufficient quantity to meet the demands of business and give full oppor- tunity for the employment of labor. To this end an increase in the volume of money is demanded. No individual or corporation should be allowed to make any profit through its issue. It should be made a legal tender for the payment of all debts, public and private. Its volume should be fixed at a definite sum per capita , and made to increase with our increase in population. 4. Tariff should be levied only as a defense against foreign governments which levy tariff upon, or bar out our products from their markets, revenue being incidental. The residue of means necessary to an economical administration of the government should be raised by levying the bur- den on what the people possess instead of upon what they consume. 6. Railroad, telegraph and other public corpora- tions should be controlled by the government in the interest of the people, and no higher charges allowed than necessary to give fair interest on the capital actually invested. 6. Foreign immigration has become a burden upon industry, one of the factors in depressiu * wages and causing discontent; therefore, our im- migration laws should be revised and strictly en- forced. The time of residence for naturalization should be extended, and no naturalized person shoifldbe allowed to vote until one year after he becomes a citizen. 7. Non-resident aliens should not be allowed to acquire land in this country, and we favor the lim- itation of individual and corporate ownership of land. All unearned grants of lands to railroad companies or other corporations should be re- claimed. 8. Years of inaction and treachery on the part of the Republican and Democratic parties have re- sulted in the present reign of mob law, and we demand that every citizen be protected in the right of trial by constitutional tribunals. 9. All men should be protected by law in their right to one day of rest in seven. 10. Arbitration is the wisest and most econom- ical and humane method of settling national dif- ferences. 11. Speculations in margins, the cornering of grain, money and products, and the formation of pools, trusts and combinations for the arbitrary advancement of prices should be suppressed. 12. We pledge that the Prohibition party, if elected to power, will ever grant just pensions to disabled veterans of the Union army and navy, their widows and orphans. 13. We stand unequivocally for the American public school and opposed to any appropriation of public moneys for sectarian schools. We declare that only by united support of such common schools, taught in the English language, can we hope to become and remain a homogeneous and harmonious people. 14 We arraign the Republican and Democratic parties as false to the standards reared by their founders; as faithless to the principles of the illus- trious leaders of the past to whom they do homage with the lips; as recreant to the higher law, which is as inflexible in political affairs as in personal life; and as no longer embodying the aspiratious of the American people, or inviting the confidence of enlightened, progressive patriotism. Their protest against the admission of “moral issues” into politics is a confession of their own moral degeneracy. The declaration of an eminent au- thority that municipal misrule is “the one conspic- uous failure of American politics,’* follows as a natural consequence of such degeneracy, and is true alike of cities under Republican and Demo- cratic control. Each accuses the other of extrav- agance in Congressional appropriations, and both are alike guilty. Each protests, when out of power, against infraction of the civil service laws, and each when in power violates those laws in letter and in spirit. Each professes fealty to the inter- ests of the toiling masses, but both covertly truckle to the money power in their administration of pub- lic affairs. Even the tariff issue, as represented in the Democratic Mills bill and the Republican McKinley bill, is no longer treated by them as an issue between great and divergent principles of government, but is a mere catering to different sectional and class interests. The attempt in many states to wrest the Australian ballot system from its true purpose, and so to deform it as to render it extremely difficult for new parties to ex- ercise the right ol suffrage, is an outrage upon popular government. The competition of both old parties for the vote of the slums, and their as- siduous courting of the liquor power and subserv- iency to the money power, have resulted in placing those powers in the position of practical arbiters of the destinies of the nation. We renew our protest against these perilous tendencies, and iu- vite all citizens to join us in the upbuilding of a party that has shown, in five national campaigns, that it prefers temporary defeat to an abandon- ment of the claims of justice, sobriety, personal rights and the protection of American homes. 15. Recognizing and declaring that prohibition of the liquor traffic has become the dominant issue in national politics, we invite to full party fellow- ship all those who, on this one dominant issue, are with us agreed, in the full belief that this party can and will remove sectional differences, promote national unity, and insure the best welfare of our entire land. POPULIST PARTY’S NATIONAL PLATFORM, ADOPTED AT OMAHA NEBRASKA, JULY 4, 1892. Assembled upon the one hundred and sixteenth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, the People’s Party of America, in their first na- tional convention, invoking upon their action the blessing of Almighty God, puts forth, in the name and on behalf of the people of this country, the following preamble and declaration of principles: The conditions which surround us best justify our co-operation; we meet in the midst of a nation brought to the verge of moral, political and mate- rial ruin. Corruption dominates the ballot-box, the legislatures and congress, and touches even the ermine of the bench. The people are demoralized; most of the states have been compelled to isolate the voters at the polling' places to prevent univer- sal intimidation or bribery. The newspapers are largely subsidized or muzzled, public opinion silenced, business prostrated, our homes covered with mortgages, labor impoverished, and the land concentrating in the hands of the capitalists. The urban workmen are denied the right of organization for self-protection; imported pauper- ized labor beats down their wages; a hireling standing army, unrecognized by our laws, is estab- lished to shoot them down, and they are rapidly degenerating into European conditions. The fruits of the toil of millions are boldly stolen to buildup colossal fortunes for a few, unprecedented in the history of mankind; and the possessors of these, in turn, despise the republic and endanger liberty. From the same prolific womb of govern- mental injustice we breed the two great classes— tramps and millionaires. The national power to create money is appro- priated to enrich bondholders. A vast public debt payable in legal-tender currency has been funded into gold-bearing bonds, thereby adding millions to the burdens of the people. Silver, which has been accepted as coin since the dawn of history, has been demonetized to add to the purchasing power of gold by decreasing the value of all forms of property as well as human labor, and the supply of currency is purposely abridged to fatten usurers, bankrupt enterprise and enslave industry. A vast conspiracy against mankind has been organized on two continents, and it is rapidly taking possession of the world. If not met and overthrown at once it forebodes terrible social convulsions, the destruction of civ- ilization, or the establishment of an absolute des- potism. We have witnessed for more than a quar- ter of a century the struggles of the two great po- litical parties for power and plunder, while griev- ous wrongs have been inflicted upon a suffering people. We charge that the controlling influences dominating both these parties have permitted the existing dreadful conditions to develop without serious effort to prevent or restrain them. Neither do they now promise any substantial re- form. They have agreed together to ignore, in the coming campaign every issue but one. They propose to drown the outcries of a plundered peo- ple with the uproar ot a sham battle over the tariff, so that capitalists, corporations, national banks, rings, trusts, watered stock, the demoneti- zation of silver, and the oppressions of the usurers may all be lost sight of. They propose to sacrifice our homes, lives and children on the altar of mam- mon; to destroy the multitude in order to secure corruption funds from the millionaires. Assembled on the anniversary of the birthday of the nation, and filled with the spirit of the grand generation who established their independ- ence, we seek to restore the government of the republic to the hands of “the plain people,” with whose class it originated. We assert our purposes to be identical with the purposes of the national Constitution, to form a more perfect union, estab- lish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, promote the general welfare and secure the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity. We declare that this republic can only endure as a free government while built upon the love of the whole people for each other and for the nation; that it cannot be pinned together by bayonets; that the civil war is over, and that every passion and resentment which grew out of it must die with it, and that we must be in fact as we are in name one united brotherhood of free men. Our country finds itself confronted by conditions for which there is no precedent in the history of the world. Our annual agricultural productions amount to billions of dollars in value, which must, within a few weeks or months, be exchanged for billions of dollars worth of commodities consumed in their production; the existing currency supply is wholly inadequate to make this exchange; the results are falling prices, the formation of combines and rings, and the impoverishment of the produc- ing class. We pledge ourselves that, if given power, we will labor to correct these evils by wise and reasonable legislation in accordance with the terms of our platform. We believe that the powers of government— in other words, of the people — should be expanded (as in the case of the postal service) as rapidlyand as far as the good sense of an intelligent people and the teachings of experience shall justify, to the end that oppression, injustice and poverty shall eventually cease in the land. While our sympathies, as a party of reform, are naturally on the side of every proposition which will tend to make men intelligent, virtuous and temperate, we, nevertheless, regard these ques- tions—important as they are— as secondary to the great issues now pressing for solution, and upon which not only our individual prosperity, but the very existence of free.institutions depend; and we ask all men to help us to determine whether we are to have a republic to administer, before we differ as to the conditions upon which it is to be administered; believing that the forces of reform this day organized will never cease to move for- ward until every wrong is remedied, and equal rights and equal privileges securely established for all the men and women of this country. Ve declare, therefore, 'hat the union of the labor forces of the United ites, this day consummated, shall be perma- nt and perpetual. May its spirit enter into all arts for the salvation of the republic and the up- :ing of mankind! Vealth belongs to him who creates it, and every [lar taken from industry without an equivalent robbery. “If any one will not work neither all they eat.” The interests of rural and civic •or are the same; their enemies are identical. We believe that the time has come when the iroad corporations will either own the people the people must own the railroads, and should > government enter upon the work of owning d managing any or all railroads, we should favor amendment to the constitution by which all rsons engaged in the government service shall placed under a civil service regulation of the >st rigid character, so as to prevent the increase the power of the national administration by the 2 of such additional government employes. ! We demand a national currency, safe, sound d flexible, issued by the general government ly a full legal tender for all debts, public and ivate, and that without the use of banking cor- rations; a just, equitable and efficient means of itribution direct to the people, at a tax not to ceed two percent per annum.be provided as set th in the sub-treasury plan of the Farmers’ Alli- ce, or some better system; also by paynients in ^charge of its obligations for public lmprove- t n\Ve demand the free and unlimited coinage of ver and gold at the present legal ratio of 16 to 1. [ we demand that the amount of circulating ?dium be speedily increased to not less than |60 r capita. , , . . . > We demand a graduated income tax. We believe that the money of the country ould be kept as much as possible in the hands of e people, and hence we demand that all state d national revenues shall be limited to the nec- 5ary expenses of the government, economically id honestly administered. j We demand that postal savings banks be es- blished bv the government for the safe deposit thfe earnings of the people, and to facilitate ex- fnrra nsoortation being a means of exchange The Natural Body Brace Cures Female Weakness, Restores Health and Vigor. After wearing your Natural Body Brace for nine months, the most ex- treme and painful female weakness has vanished. Mes. Jessie Fisher. Spruce Crack, Pa. 1 am pleased beyond expression with the Brace. I would not part with it for any money. Mary F. Adam, Neosho Falls, Kan. I have been afflicted with falling of , * ~ „ . . the womb for 23 years, and have never had anything to help me like theNatural BodyBrace has. 1 could not stand up long enough to wash dishes before wearing it, and now (after wearing it 3 months) I am cooking for a large family. I also help wash and do any kind of work. Mbs. Lucinda Field, Oscar, Texas. Money Refunded It* Brace la Not Satisfactory. Send for Full Information. Natural Body Brace Co.,< 8ALIXA, KANSAS. Howard C. Rash, flanager. All About ROSES How to get the famous D. dc C. Roses— the best and sweetest— on their own roots. How to grow and care for them and a thous- and other flowers. All this and many valuable flower-growing secrets are contained in our new Guide to Rose Culture. To every flower lover who so requests, we will send free , this book and a sample copy of our floral magazine “ SUCCESS WITH FLOWERS .” The Dingee & Conard Co., West Grove, Pa. The No. 6 Remington Typewriter A DEVELOPMENT, NOT AN EXPERIMENT.*. Many Notable Improve me nts successfully in- corporated into this new model, retaining the es- sential features of simplietty and durab il It y for which the Rem- ington is famous. WYCKOFF, SEAHANS & BENEDICT, 175 Monroe St., CHICAGO. SHOEMAKER’S BOOK "POULTRY And Family Almauae for 1995. 80 pages, 70 ravings; the finest work of its kind ever pub- Gives recipes for making egg food; oon- 1 dition powders; remedies for all diseases of fowls; plans and diagrams for building poultry houses, Njltellsyou how to raise chickens profitably, gives mull description with illustrations of 45 leading ...□varieties of pure bred fowls. It is an encyclo- r___ __ Iken information, worth many times its cost to anyone interested in poultry. You positively cannot afford to he without it. Sent postpaid on receipt of price i5cts. Address C.C. SHOEMAKER, Box 47. Freeport, Ills., U.S.A, Q yes, manY of them have secured OOme Tokology, and quickly and » * ^ ^ 1 gladly send word how greatly IWI SI 1*1^1 P(] they have been benefited by the IV* 1 information contained. Dear Dr* Stockham; Words w w w I I I V? I I cannot express how much I owe to Tokology, which is truly a book for every woman. MRS. G. A. SAWix. Tokology Is my best friend, and has been for years. MRS. C. K. Lambert, My Dear Mrs. Stockham: Tokology has been one of God’s richest blessings to me. Mrs. J. P. Eve. have a Tokology baby 2% years old. Tokology certainly did more for me than 1 had dared to hope. Mrs. R. H. Bennett, ALICE B. STOCKHAM & CO., 277 Madison st. .Chicago 14 (14) THE UNION SIGNAL. January 3, 1895. WHITE RIBBON ART PORTFOLIO... We still have on hand a limited supply of these beautiful art portfolios. If you have not seen them, by all means send for Part I, and we are sure you will want Parts II .ind III. A dainty and appropriate sou- venir for white-ribboners to present to their friends at any season of the year, .-SEND FOR A COPY... PART 1 CONTAINS PICTURES OF Prances E. Willard, Lady Henry Somerset, Mother Thompson, Madam Willard, Mother Wallace, Mary Clement Leavitt, Margaret Bright Lucas, Mother Stewart, Hannah Whitall Smith, Neal Dow, Clinton B. Fisk, John B. Gough, Mary Allen West PART II Matilda B. Carse, Mary A. Woodbridge, Helen M. Barker, L. M. N. Stevens, Clara C. Hoffman, Letitia Youmans, •Josephine E. Butler, George W. Bain, Ella F. M. Williams, Kate C. Bushnell, Elizabeth Wheeler Andrew, Jessie A. Ackermann. Alice R. Palmer and General John Bidwelh PART SII CONTAINS LABGE EVANGELINE PICTURE OF Frances E. Willard, Esther Pugh, Caroline B. Buell, Mary T. Lathrap, Louise S. Rounds, Susan S. Fessenden, Mary T. Burt, Margaret A. Sudduth, Katharine Lente Stevenson, Harriet B. Kells, Jennie A. Stewart, Caroline F. Grow, Ruby I. Gilbert, John G. Woolley. ■ * » ~>orT^v-r-rYY-r-inry r WHITE RIBBON ART PORTFOLIO ^ £ ...COUPON... V Send this coupon, together with 76c., to this f office, and you will receive Parts I, II and III of )• our White Ribbon Art Portfolio, or with 25c. ana j* this Coupon any one number you may designate. Send all orders to Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass’n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. THIS BOOK SINGS GOSPEL TEH- PERANCE. We know no finer collection of temper- ance songs than “The White Ribbon Hymnal,” compiled for the W. C. T. U. by Anna A. Gordon. It is emphatically gospel temperance that this book sings. It will be found very helpful to temperance meetings of every sort. Price 35 cents.— From S. S. Banner. and a public necessity, the government should own and operate the railroads in the interest of the people. 9. The telegraph and telephone, like the post- office system, beirg a necessity for the transmis- sion of news, should be owned and operated by the government in the interest of the people. 10. The land, yicluding all the natural sources I of wealth, is the heritage of all the people, and ' should not be monopolized for speculative pur- poses, and alien ownership of lana should be pro- hibited. All land now held by railroads and other corporations in excess of their actual needs, and all lauds now owned by aliens, should be reclaimed by the government and held for actual settlers only. SUBSIDIARY RESOLUTIONS. Whereas, Other questions have been presented for our consideration, we hereby submit the fol- lowing, not as a part of the platform of the Peo- ple’s Party, but as resolutions expressive of the sentiment of this convention: Resolved , That we demand a free ballot and a fair count* in all elections, and pledge ourselves to secure it to every , legal voter without Federal in- tervention, through the adoption by the states of the unperverted Australian or secret ballot system. Resolved , That the revenue derived from a grad- uated income tax should be applied to the reduc- tion of the burden of taxation now resting upon the domestic industries of this country. Resolved , That we pledge our support to fair and liberal pensions to ex-Union soldiers and sailors. Resolved , That we condemn the fallacy of pro- tecting American labor under the present system, which opens our ports to the pauper and criminal classes of the world and crowds out our wage- earners, and we denounce the present ineffective laws against contract labor, and demand the fur- ther restriction of undesirable immigration. Resolved , That we cordially sympathize with the efforts of organized workingmen to shorten the hours of labor, and demand a rigid enforcement of the existing eight-hour law on government work, and ask that a penalty clause be added to the said law. Resolved , That we regard the maintenance of a large standing army of mercenaries, known as the Pinkerton system, as a menace to our liberties, and we demand its abolition; and we condemn the recent invasion of the territory of Wyoming by the hired assassins of plutocracy, assisted bv Fed- eral officials. J Resolved, That we commend to the favorable con- sideration of the people, and the reform press, the legislative system known as the initiative and referendum. Resolved , That we favor a constitutional provi- sion limiting the office of President and Vice- President to one term, and providing for the elec- tion of senators of the United .States by a direct vote of the people. Resolved , That we oppose any subsidy or national aid to any private corporation for any purpose The People’s Party at the outset to secure per- manent control of the party organization of the people unaffected by the interests of those in public service does hereby, in national convention assem- bled at Otr aha oil this 4th day of July, 1892, establish this ordinance as fundamental law of party organ- ization, viz.: No person holding any office or posi- tion of profit trust or emolument under the Fed- eral or any state or municipal government, includ- ing. senators, congressmen and members of the legislature, state and local, shall be eligible to sit or vote in any convention of this party, and a copy ot this ordinance shall be annexed to every call for any future convention of the party. POLYGLOT PETITION. Honored Rulers, Representatives and Broth- ers : • We, your Petitioners, although belonging to the physically weaker sex , are strong of heart to love our homes, our native land, and the world’’ s family of nations. We know that clear brains and pure hearts make honest lives and happy homes, and that by these the nations x>rosper, and the time is brought nearer when the world shall be at peace . We know that indulgence in Alcohol and Opium, and in other vices which disgrace our social life, makes misery for all the world and most of all for us and for our children . We know that stimulants and opiates are sold under legal guarantees which make the Governments partners in the traffic, by ac- cepting as revenue a portion of the profits, and we know with shame that they arc often forced by treaty upon populations, either ig nor ant or unwilling. We know that , the law might do much, now left undone, to raise the moral tone of society , and render vice difficult. We have no power to prerent these great iniquities beneath which the whole world groans , but you have power to redeem the honor of the nations from an indefensible complicity. We therefore come to you with the united voices of representative women of every land, beseeching you to raise the standard of the law to that of Christian morals, to strip away the safeguards and sanctions of the state from the drink traffic and the opium trade, and to protect our homes by the total prohibi- tion of these curses of civilization throughout all the territory over which your Government extends. Names. J Residences. NONE SUCH MINCE MEAT Two large pies are made from each package of None Such Mince Meat. For sale by all Grocem. Be sure you get the None Such—avoid imitations. MERRELL-SOULE CO,, Syracuse, N. Y, DEAF: NESS AND HEAD NOISES CURES ■ by Peck’s Tu visible Ear C ush ions. Whispers heanj — 1 Successful when all remedies fail. Sold r nr r hy F . Hiscox, 833 B’way, NY. WrJtefor Look of proofs r KtC OUR NEW YEAR’S OFFER To NEW Subscribers to THE UNION SIGNAL..... ATTENTION Cot out the Coupon given below and send it to ns with $1.15, and get The Union Sig- nal for 1895, and The White Ribbon Cook Book. This offer is made to NEW subscribers only. COUPON This coupon, if sent to THE UNION’ SIGNAL together with $1.15, is good for one year's sub- scription to THE UNION SIGNAL and a copy of the White Ribbon Cook Book. Woman’s Temperance Publishing Ass’n .THE TEMPLE, CHICAGO... ORIGINAL PRAYING BAND. So many are applying for membership in our Crusade band that we think best to have the notice stand in your columns if yon will spare just a little space. No fees or dues required. Object, to pray for the success of temperance work throughout the world. All original Crusaders expected to register with the secretary, Mrs. J. S Healv 2716 Broadway, Cleveland, O. * Mrs. Mary B. Ingham, Leader of Praying Band. ARE YOU FULLY EQUIPPED FOR WORK? If Not, Send for a Catalogue of Our Publications. Yon will find the “White Ribbon Hymnal” a great help in temperance meetings and song services. Price 35c. Send for a catalogue now, and see what supplies we have for your own particular line of work. We will gladly furnish them for distribution in your local union if you will send to us your address. “I have one and could not work intelligently without it,” writes an enthusiastic worker. “When I want to know anything about any depart- ment, I take the catalogue and know what to send for, so I desire one for every mem- ber of our union, as I want them to be fa- miliar with the very good stock of ‘weap- ons’ with which to carry on this peaceful war for God and humanity, which the W. T. P. A. can furnish them at rates so cheap ” Send to Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass’n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. BOYS! FOR SIX NEW SUBSCRIBERS to The Union Signal we will send this watoh to your address, postpaid. FOR FOUR NEW SUBSCRIBERS and Fifty Cents we will send it to your address, postpaid. ¥ FOR TWO NEW SUBSCRIBERS and Seventy-five Cents we will send it to your address, postpaid. THIS OFFER IS FOR BOYS ONLY Boys who will thank ns for this generous offer to own the best pocket time-piece yet made by any Clock Company. Extreme diameter of case 2j^ inches. As soon as your mind is made up to secure one of these Watches, write to us. Address Woman's Temperance Publishing Ass'n THE TEMPLE, CHICAGO— LETTERS FROM THE PSALM COUNTRY, By Mary A. Lathbury, Which was published in The Union Signai of August 30, has been issued as a Depart- ment Leaflet (Evangelistic) No. 76. It comes to one’s soul like a breath from the bills of God. Buy it for all your friends, Price, per 100 15 “ L000 ;■/. 1.25 Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass’n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. January 3, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (16) 1 8 (publishers J2oies. THE WHITE RIBBON BIRTHDAY| | BOOK. will make a splendid . New Year’s Gift to a W. C. T. U. woman, or to any other woman. It contains a selection for each day from the best writers among women, and on the opposite page spaces for auto- graphs. Edited by Anna A. Gordon, and Illustrated by Mary A. Lathbury. This is the first Birthday Book composed, compiled, illustrated and published solely by women. Bound in appropriate and attractive :orm, and with gilt edges. Price $1. Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass’n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. HAVE YOU SENT FOR COPIES OF LEAFLETS Published in 1894? They embrace a variety of topics, and every union will find among them some- thing that will meet its own special needs. In the Evangelistic Series, DEPARTMENT LEAFLETS No. 71. The Problem of the Individual. No. 75. House to House Visitation. No. 77. Hints for Gospel Temperance Meet- ings. Are valuable aids along the lines of gospel temperance work. For PRESS WORKERS No. 111. The Press as an Evangelist. No. 112. The Associated Press and How to Use It. No. 113. Cooperation of the Religious Press with Woman’s Temperance Work. Will be found helpful and suggestive. NATIONAL LEAFLETS. No. 67. The Public Meeting— Why? No. 68. The Convention — How? Should be industriously circulated among white-ribboners everywhere as aids to ag- gressive and progressive efforts all along the line. Ahd then there are those TWO POWERFUL ADDRESSES BY JOHN O. WOOLLEY. 1. Th© Inventor of Dimensions in Political Righteousness. Delivered at the Neal Dow Celebration in Willard Hall. ,. Copartnership of Piety and Piracy. De- livered before the Cincinnati M. E. Conference. If every local union would see to it that a copy of each of these National Leaflets, Nos* 69 and 70, reached every Christian voter in its locality, it would be doing good service toward keeping the prohibition ball a-rolling. Price of Department Leaflets: Per 100 $ 15 Per 1,000 1 25 Price of National Leaflets: Per 100 $ 90 Per 1,000 k 7 50 MONTHLY READINGS. No live, up-to-date local union can afford to do without our monthly Bible and Re- sponsive Readings. The Bible Readings by our National evangelists are spiritually strengthening and uplifting, and this means, as white-ribboners well know, added mo- mentum to the work in whatever direction effort is put forth. • The Responsive Readings discuss in an instructive manner the aims and needs of various departments, and are arranged by our superintendents and spe- cialists along these lines. The Bible Reading for January is pre- pared by Miss Anna Downey, and the topic is “Pentecostal Preparation.” Just what we need to equip us for the work of the New Year. In the Responsive Reading, under the title, “Prohibition Cross Fire,” D. D. Tower furnishes a valuable exercise, with a view to “ascertaining our position on the troubled waters of the present political sea.” PRICE OF BIBLE READINGS: Single copies, per year $ 12 10 copies, to one address .... 1 00 PRICE OF RESPONSIVE READINGS: Single copies, per year $ 10 13 copies, to one address 1 00 Per 100 25 Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass:n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. Our Js)ibrar\ y ‘(sable. JANUARY MAGAZINES. The Pansy Magazine sets before its friends an attractive bill of fare for 1895, prominent among the best features of which are two serial stories: “Reuben’s Hin- drances,” by Pansy, herself, and “The Old Town Pump,” by Margaret Sidney, well known through her charming “Pepper” books. The Becond of the series of illustrated articles on “Pleasures of the Telescope,” by Garrett P. Serviss, will open The Popular Science Monthly for January. Under the delightful guidance of Mr. Serviss, the reader may view the beauties of Orion, of Lepus “crouching at the feet of the mythical giant,” of Canis Major, which contains the great Dog Star, of Monoceros, and other constellations. The Economic Function of Woman is the title of a paper by Dr. Edward T. Devine, staff lecturer of the American society for the Extension of University Teaching. It has been published by the American Acad- emy of Political and Social Science and treats in a fresh manner and from a new point of view one of the most important aspects of the many-sided woman question in modern society. In McClure’s Magazine for January, Miss Beatrice Harraden, author of the most swiftly and widely popular novel written in recent years, “Ships that Pass in the Night,” tells how she came to write that novel; when and where and how she wrote it; how she got it published, and how it won her friends and correspondents in every quarter of the globe and among all conditions and classes of people; a more dramatic and ab- sorbing story than even the novel itself. There is also a portrait of Miss Harraden. Prof. Henry Drummond furnishes a sec- ond paper on D. L. Moody, treating espe- cially of Mr. Moody’s genius as a founder and organizer of public institutions. An article in the January Atlantic which will be likely to attract the attention of thoughtful readers is Mr. John H. Deni- son’s “Th9 Survival of the American Type.” With a courage and frankness not always found in writers on public affairs he de- scribes the political situation, especially in the larger cities, where the establishment of an ignoraut and alien domination com- pels those who believe in genuine American governmental ideas to fight the battle for liberty over again, while an extreme human- itarianism often obscures the line between justice and generosity. The whole paper is suggestive, and will probably excite com- ment of various kinds. Fiction is well rep- resented in the number, which contains not only the first installment of “A Singular Life,” a serial by Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, but the opening portion of “A Village Stra- divarius,” a characteristic two-part story by Kate Douglas Wiggin, and an' amusing and yet somewhat pathetic country story by Alice Brown, “Joint Owners in Spain.” The complete novel in the January issue of Lippincott’s is “The Waif’s of Fighting Rocks,” by Captain Charles Mcllvaine. The scene is laid in the mountains of West Virginia, and the tale is one of adventure, love, and jealousy among the mountaineers. “By Telephone,” a stirring newspaper story by Francis C. Regal, shows how a plucky reporter defeated a conspiracy and brought the criminals to justice. “A Question of Responsibility,” by Imogen Clark, deals with delicacy vs. life-saving in a lodging- house. The other stories belong to Christ- mas. They are, “Mrs. Santa Claus,” by Mar- jorie Richardson, “A Prodigal Friend,” by S. Elgar Benet, and “Mrs. Risley’s Christ- mas Dinner,” by Ella Higginson. Each of them is in the spirit of the season, though the last is in a minor key. “Christmas Cus- toms and Superstitions” are collected by Elizabeth Ferguson Seat. Edgar Fawcett recalls “New Year’s Days in Old New York,” and Edith Duff “Empress Josephine’s Happy Day,” ninety years ago. In “The Ducks of the Chesapeake,” Calvin Dill Wil- son tells all about the canvas-back before he is shot and after. Gilbert Parker offers a study of “Herbert Beerbohm Tree,” the actor. F. M. B., in “With the Autocrat,” recalls some notable private utterances of Dr. Holmes” and M. Kaufmann discusses “Socialist Novels.” The poetry of the number is by M. S. Paden, Alice Brown, Kathleen R. Wheeler, and Susie M. Best. other magazines received. Scribner’s, New York. Charities’ Review, Galesburg, 111. Chautauquan, Meadville, Pa. Sunny Hour, New York. Homiletic Review, New York. Lend A Hand, Boston. St. Nicholas, New York. Quarterly Illustrator, New York. Consumption was formerly pronounced incurable. Now it is not. In all of the early stages of the disease Stott’s Emulsion will effect a cure quicker than any other known specific. Scott’s Emulsion pro- motes the making of healthy lung-tissue, relieves inflammation, overcomes the excess- ive waste of the disease and gives vital strength. For Coughs, Colds, Weak Lungs, Sore Throat, Bronchitis, Consumption, Scrofula, Anaemia, Loss of Flesh and Wasting Diseases of Children. Buy only the genuine with our trade- trade mark mark on salmon-colored wrapper . Send for pamphlet on Scott's Emulsion . FREE. Scott & Bowne, N. Y. All Druggists- 50 cents and $1. EASILY THE BEST WOMAN’S PAPER IN GREAT BRITAIN. THE WOMAN’S SIGNAL... EDITED BY LADY HENRY SOMERSET — ^ Is a weekly review of woman’s work in philanthropy and reform, and the OFFICIAL ORGAN of The British Women’s Temperance Association.... THE WOMAN’S SIGNAL is thoroughly abreast of the times, and an authority on the advanced movement now e\*erywhere occupying the mind of thinking women. It contains interviews with prominent women; serial 9tories by well- known authors; Books Worth Reading, by Lady Henry Somerset ; social sketches ; contributions from Miss Frances EL Willard, and, in all, comprises a timely, up- to-date journal for thoughtful women. Subscription $*.56, postpaid, per annum, to any address.. Editorial Rooms and Office of Business Manager, to whom all communica- tions should be addressed, 33, 34 Memorial Hall, Farringdon St., London, E. C., England. 1 ...Choice Boohs anh Calendars. 1WTWT »•* If* (•••I ••4 ••1 <©*! j|: 11 ••• •••( LIFE’S EVERYDAYNESS. By Rose Porter. This beautiful little volume is a gem. It is com- posed of sprightly, short essays on Christian and home themes, which are both instructive and soul- refreshing. It is just such a book as should be in the hands of every young wife. It will help them to be cheerful, hopeful, God-confiding, Christ- loving, and to make home pleasant and happy. It is also eminently practical. Cloth, Gift edition $ 75 HOW TO HARK YOUR BIBLE. By Mrs. Stephen Menzies. With pref- atory note by D. L. Moody. Cloth, 60c. “It is an excellent method for Bible students, teachers and preachers.”— The Christian Union. “ Full of useful suggestions.”— 77t^ Observer. “ The matter is full and the directions explicit. For those in search of a method the book is heartily commended.”— N. IV. Christian Advocate. “An almost inexhaustible number of suggestions for marginal notes and markings. It is a book every Christian worker will do well to have among his Bible helps.”— The Young Men's Era. DEVOTIONAL CALENDARS. ONWARD AND UPWARD. Six sheet text, tnrn-over calendar (size 4 in). Mildmay designs, beautiful imitation of water color illumination. Each, 25 cents; per dozen, $2.60. SEASON TO SEASON. Four sheet text, turn-over calendar (size 7^x10 in.), beautiful chromo designs, landscape. Each, 25 cents; per dozen, $2.60. •i SEND ALL ORDERS TO WOflAN’S TEflPERANCE PUBLISHING ASSOCIATE THE TEflPLE, CHICAGO 1 6 (16) THE UNION SIGNAL. January 3, 1895. Signaf J2otes . It is said of Japan that a larger propor- tion of the population can read than in any other country in the world. At the Illinois State University there was an unusual preponderance of male students last year, the proportion being as six to one. If a man is seen drunk four times in Sweden he is deprived of his electoral vote. Such a custom tends to elevate the right of citizenship. (JSEb IN HOSPITALS. In only two states of the Union, Kansas and Wyoming, is the age of consent fixed at eighteen years. Ten states have placed the limit at sixteen. Paris, though the largest city of France, is eighteenth on the list of wine consump- tion, averaging one and one-half gallons for each inhabitant. The population of Germany is now stated to be fifty-one million five hundred thou- sand, an increuso of over twenty per cent in the last quarter century. Five out of the seventeen large fortunes offered for probate in England last year were left by brewers, and one by a wine merchant. The total swqrn value of the seventeen was over sixty-six million dollars. Petboleuse is the French word now ap- plied to the road carriages moved by petro- leum or gasoline motors. Arthur Booth- Clibborn proposes to start a Bible distribu tiou in France by means of these novel equipages. Twenty thousand pounds lias been paid by Commissioner Coombs, the head of the Australian Salvation Army, for the Y. M. C. A. block of buildings in Melbourne, to be used as headquarters for the organiza- tion. The government inquiry on the treat- ment of habitual inebriates, vagrants, beg- gars and offenders began its sittings in Glasgow recently, presided over by Sir Charles Cameron, M. P., chairman. The result of the inquiry is looked for with in- terest by all who feel strongly on the sub- ject of treating the drink habit ns a disease. Forty- six institutions are maintained by the Freedmen’s Aid Society of the Meth- odist Episcopal church which has headquar- ters in Cincinnati. Eight thousand five hundred and twenty-five students are taught by 471 teachers, and the value of its lands and buildings is estimated at $1,800,000. The expenditures of the past year were $279,604. THE PROCTER & GAMBLE CO., CIN'TI. HUMAN or ANIMAL Pain from sprains, bruises, cramps, diseased or torn flesh, aches, wounds. Neuralgia, etc., can be promptly relieved and cured by using Dr. J. H. ricLean’s Volcanic Oil Liniment. The FARMER’S REMEDY for the various diseases of domestic animals. It is easy to apply, re- lieves at once pain and inflammation, and cures quickly. Full directions with each bottle. For sale everywhere. Price, 2£c., £oc. and $i.oo per bottle. THE DR. J. H. MCLEAN MEDICINE CO.. ST. LOUIS, MO. ^£X- «© iBpyjto&mKb- if-t-he old proverb bet-rue. S APOLI G is greater than royalty itself-: Try it in your next- house-cleaning: Grocers keep ih DO YOU LIVE IN GREASE? Berry, the English hangman, while lect- uring at Grimsby, recently, said that dur- ing his term of office he had conducted over five hundred executions. A great mauy of the crimes were caused by drink, but, he added emphatically, “I have never hanged a teetotaler!” This is another evi- dence of the righteousness and virtue of total abstinence. The Woman's Budget credits recent tem- perance efforts in Great Britain with the substitution of noti-aloohojic drinks for beer in harvest time. A new drink called “stokos,” (because it is largely used by the stokers) is now gradually finding its way into gas works, iron foundries, the dock and ship-bnilding yards, etc. It is not only pleasant to drink, but is most thirst-quench- ing. It consists of a composition of fine- ground oatmeal, lemon and white sugar; a gallon of this drink cau bo made for three- pence, and if six gallons are mado at a timo it only costs twopence a gallon. In his recent work, ‘‘Problems of the Far East,” Hon. G. N. Curzon, M. P., a thought- ful and observing traveler, commenting on the variety of missionary efforts in the Sunrise Land, says: “I find in the directory that in Tokio alone there are represented thirty-ono different missionary societies, churches, sects or denominations, with an aggregate of three hundred male and female n\issionaries. When Episcopalians, Pres- byterians, Baptists, Evangelicals, Luther- ans, Church of England, Methodists, Re- formed, Russian Orthodox, Quakers, Uni- tarians and Universalists appear simulta- neously on the scene, all claiming to hold the keys of heaven in their hand, it cannot be thought surprising if the Japanese, who have hardly made up their minds that they want heaven at all are somewhat bewildered by the multiplicity of volunteer door-keep- ers.” I.murhliur Rahli'ii are loved by everybody. Good nature In clilldr rare unless they are healthy. Thoso raised oj Gtfil Borden Kmrle Brand Condensed Milk ara paratively free from alcknes-*. This milk is so e prepared that improper feeding is inexcusable As a true patriot and citizen you should naturalize yourself by using the best inventions of the day for removing such a charge. To live in Grease is utterly unnecessary when SAPOLIO is sold in all the stores, and abolishes grease and dirt. The Bilhorn Telescope Organ IS THE FINEST BABY FOLDING ORGAN IN THE LAND, s no trouble in fold- movement does the 2nd. It makes a neat travelling box when folded, is light and easily carried. 3rd. When open and ready for use it is a per- fect cabinet organ with pedals. 4th. It is just the thing for local preachers, evangelists, Sabbath-schools, class rooms, cot- tage prayer-meetings and Christian workers. Send for circular. BILHORN BROS., 66 Fifth Aye., Chicago. AGENTS SAVE THE WOMEN work and worry by Belling the Arnold Steam Cookers and Coffee Pots. Free out- fits; most liberal terms. Wilmot Castle & Co., 69 Elm St., Pochester, N. Y. on AIR iru/n 0 88 pp. by Hoffman & Williams; OUHu J LTV LLo for revivals, S. 8’s, etc. 7c. SILVER TONESwMElatr^Yo0: GON’T BUT A watch "M0S?C0^.3°.rc“cJa/c!r7a^re.1^:nr^ l GENTS lAdie!' Spcclaltl*. V® old I A ft 1# Ati Price CA K| C |3 permanently cured. No r\ IN V CL l \ knife. No poison. No plaster. JOHM B.HARRI8, Fort Payne, Alabama. V%|| PA Instant relief, final cure in a few days, ftvRI and never returns; no purge; nosalve; ■ ■ ftilnW no suppository. Remedy mailed free. Address, O. J, Mason, Box, 519, New York Oity, N. Y, , STEM I A fine 14k gold pl> I ted watch to every > reader of th& paper. Cut this out and Bead it to us with .DIES your full name and address, and wo will send you express for exami- nation the best and only genuine gold plated watch in the world at l tills price, and if y think It is equal | in appearance to any $25 gold watch Spav our sample price, $2.75, and It is ■yours, and If you sell or cause the ■ sale of six we will give you ONE F FREE. Write at once as we shall r Bend out samples f*r 60 days only. THE NATIONAL M’F»C & IMPORTING CO,, 334 Dearborn St.. Chicago. UL TH WHITE SIBBQN HYMNAL Compiled by ANNA A. GORDON OLD-NEW-TESTED-FRESH fiflOn because ^ contains the favorites Ul/UU White Ribboners everywhere, songs which have become their watchwor *MPW because rich treasures of word 8 L ’’ song have been prepared for pages. TFSTFD becan8e hymns have boi ILJILU the wear an<j tear of use. FRFSH because it rings clear and sw ? 1 for the home, the nation, a the truth of God. It is divided into the following sections: Devotional Meetings Mass Meetings Evangelistic Services Prohibition Rallies Gospel Temperance Meetings Special Days Memorial Services Closing Hymns Responsive Scripture Readings WALTER BAKER & GO. The Largest Manufacturers of PURE, HIGH GRADE COCOAS AP CHOCOLATES On this Continent, have received HIGHEST AWARDS from the great Industrial and Food EXPOSITIONS In Europe and America. Unlike the Dutch Process, no Alka- lies or other Chemicals or Dyes are used in any of their preparations. Their delicious BREAKFAST COCOA is absolutely pure and soluble, and costs less than one cent a cup. 80LD BY GROCERS EVERYWHERE. WALTER BAKER & CO. D0HCHE8TER, MASS. (pu6fisfers J2ofes. A GREAT MOTHER Too much cannot be said of the value of this book, not only to the mothers of the present day, but to mothers of the future. It is dedicated to the White Ribbon Women of the World, their Husbands and their Children, and is destined to live as one of the marked books of the “woman’s century.” This biography of Madam Willard is the work of her daughter, Frances E. Willard, and her kinswoman, Minerva B. Norton, and the introduction is written by Lady Henry Somerset. Bound daintily in gray and silver, and beautifully illustrated. Price $1.50. Woman’s Temp. Pub. Ass’n, The Temple, Chicago, 111. THE CRUSADE SPOON, New Prices. We are happy to give our patrons the benefit of the reduction in silver by offer- ing the Crusade Souvenir Spoon at the fol- lowing prices: CRUSADE 8POONS. FORMER PRICE. REDUCED PRICE. Teaspoons, - - $2 25 Now, - $1 75 “ gilded bowl, 2 75 “ • - - - 2 25 Aft^er dinner coffee spoons, - - - 1 50 Now, . . - 1 00 After dinner coffee spoons, gilded bowl, 1 75 Now, . i 25 These spoons will commend themselves to workers as especially fitting souvenirs, both of the birth and the “majority” year of the W. C. T. U. Woman’s Temp. Pub. Asb’n, The Tempue, Chicago, 111. JUST THE THING. “Just the thing for children!” So says an earnest correspondent in writing of The Young Crusader. Have yon not noticed how it improves from month to month, with it? short, crisp, in- teresting stories, which tench the children temperance truths in an attractive form* Our friend strikes the key-note when she says: “Every growing household should take at least one bright, wholesome, clear temperance paper which the children can understand, and 'The Young Crusader is just the thing. Only 25 cents a year. Think how much good you could do with $1. by sending a copy to four of the poorest chil dren in your neighborhood. HOLIDAY EXCURSION RATES VIA THE NORTH-WESTERN LINE- On December 22, 23, 24, 25 and 31, 1894. and January 1, 1895, the North-Western Line will sell excursion tickets at very favorable rateR, good for return passage until January 2, 1895, inclusive. For tick- ets and full information apply to agonts Chicago & North-Western Railway. IMPORTANT TO COMMERCIAL TRAVELERS. On and after December 1, Baggage Agents of the B. & O. R. R. Co. will accept coupons from mileage books issued by B. & O. R R., P. & W. R’y, B. & O. S. W. R’y and Val- ley R’y of Ohio, in payment for excess baggage charges, at their face value, 2 cents each. This arrangement will not include B & O. Mileage Books indorsed “good only on B. & O.,” B. <fc O. Southwestern Mileagt Advertising Books, nor books older than one year from date of issue. Efl; iVortl, “Tnou nAST given a banner to them that fear Thee; that it may be displayed because of the Truth.’ Volume XXI.—’ No. 2.] CHICAGO, JANUARY 10, 1895. [Price $1.00 Per Year in Advance. THE BUSINESS OUTLOOK. SPECIAL WORK FOR JANUARY. • Chicago, Jan. 2, 1895. Dear Friends: — We have had a New Year's gift -a valu- able one. Just how valuable you cannot understand, unless you are a managing editor. And we are going to do a very generous thing, and share it with you. We will not keep you in suspense, but ask you to look it the “Treasurer’s Corner,” the “Corresponding Secre- tary’s Notes,” that new departure, the “Local Union,” and then we’ll whisper into your ear that ours is a gift of space, this column in The Union Signal, that best of pa- pers, jill our own — and yours, where blue pencil, scissors and pnste pot cannot invade, and where we may chat ad libitum about the little matters of business that are of such importance to us all. * * * You were at the Convention? You have not forgotten, then, about the W. T. P. A., and how often the quotation from John G. Woolley was used: “The Woman’s Temper- ance Publishing Association is a grand, un worked monop- oly.” Possibly you thought when your eye fell upon the an- nouncement in Tuesday’s program, “Report of the Presi- dent of the W. T. P. A. Report of the Managing Editor <>i i uk Union Signal. Report of the Editor of Books and Lealiets W. T. P^ A. Report of the Business Manager W. T. P. A..” that it was not as much an unworked monopoly as iur friend John G. Woolley declares it to be, and we'll tell you frankly that in our column we are going to ask you to make the New Year an auspicious one, by helping us so to work this “grand monopoly” that The Union Signal subscription list shall reach that *1 00,000 mark, and the unions all over the land take on a new lease of life, be- cause nourished and strengthened by the temperance lit- erature which issues from our presses. * *• * Since our return from Convention the printing depart- ment has been busy, days, and often nights, doing local printing and getting off the National and state Minutes. We are ready now to print the superintendents’ reports; dear, patient superintendents! only three or four have threatened to have them printed elsewhere, if we did not make better time. Please do not forget that the National always has the “right of way,” especially as they own and have paid for the plates, and we are only enabled by their kindness and generosity to furnish your extra copies even early in January. Should you desire to countermand your order, kindly do so at once , as the printing of them is not a source of revenue to us, but we desire in this, as in all business matters, to serve you reasonably and promptly. * * * Our Christmas stock is exhausted, bnt in reply to some inquiries we wish to say we can always duplicate our or- ders for books, and although we have just now on hand but a limited supply of that greatly admired book, “A Great Mother,” the order is already in the bindery, and there will be no delay in filling your New Year’s orders promptly. * * * We are receiving some suggestions as to Part IV White Ribbon Portfolio, which we intend to publish at an early date. We are promised a fine picture of Mrs. Alice Harris, of Boston, our beloved white-ribbon songstress, for the frontispiece. It is in order now to name the prom- inent faces you would like to see in Part IY. * * * In our next number we shall offer special inducements for old and young, W’s, Y’s and L. T. L’s to work for new subscribers to The Union Signal, Young Women and The Young Crusader. We wish yon all a happy New Year, and believe in no surer way can blessings come to your own heart than by sending to your relative, your friend, your pastor, fifty- two issues of The Union Signal for 1895. Caroline F. Grow7, Bus. Mgr. Securing signatures to the Polyglot Petition. Read Mrs. Hoffman s letter on page 4. SINCE OUR LAST ISSUE. Chicago’s death rate last year was only 15.1 per thou- sand. A farewell reception was given to John Burns in New York, January 4. A reunion of the World’s Congress Auxiliary was held at Chicago, January 1. Memorial services for Robert* Louis Stevenson were held in New York, Friday. The usual crowded and brilliant New Year’s reception was held at the White House. Dr. Parkhurst has termed the closing proceedings of the Lexow committee a farce. For the first time in twenty-two years the city of New York has a Republican mayor. New governors have been inaugurated in New7 York, Michigan. Pennsylvania fu .l Wisconsin. Chicago University has received a New Year’s gift of $175,000 from its founder, John D. Rockefeller. Tnr. tw®nty*seventh annnal convention of the National American Woman Suffrage Association will be held at Atlanta, Gn., January 31 to February 4. Many of our white ribbon women will be in attendance and our read- ers will be furnished with a full account of the meetings. One of the five black states on Mrs. Hunt’s map, South Carolina, has at last succumbed to the march of civiliza- tion and adopted the scientific temperance instruction law. To .Mrs. Sallie F. Chapin, president of the state W. C. T. U.. who was instrumental in securing the passage of this bill, belongs great credit. The Chicago Civic Federation has decided to increase its membership from ten thonsand to one hundred thou- sand. with a view to elect honest men at the next munici- pal election. Every society in the city, except such as are purely political, is to be represented and to help in this open fight against gang rule. As women form a large factor in the Federation, we feel a special interest in the efforts of this new and noble organization. With this issue we present to our readers the initial chapter of Lady Henry Somerset’s story, “A Debt of Honor,” which has just come to our hands. We know that white-ribboners read with eager interest the occa- sional contributions from the busy pen of our English leader which appear in our columns, and we feel sure, therefore, that though this is properly a Christmas story, they would rather have it a little late than not at all. Mbs. Mary H. Hunt gave a birthday reception on De- cember 27, in honor of. the ninetieth birthday of her mother, Mrs. Hanchett, who is a direct descendant of Rev. Thomas Thatcher, the first pastor of the Old South Church of Boston. As the descendants of this eminent divine have been the direct participants in the events that have made this century famous, Mrs. Hanchett's memory is richly stored with scenes and incidents that have marked the progress and development of the nation. Refreshments were served in the dining-room in the light of the ninety candles that glowed on a birthday cake. Then followed a memorable hour in which were blended wit and pathos, history and poetry, contributed by the many friends of the distinguished mother and daughter. Among these were Miss Willard and Lady Henry Somer- set. Rev. Dr. and Mrs. Joseph Cook, and many others. It has long been our custom to hold memorial services in the local unions when our representative white-ribbon ers pass onward. This was done in reverent remembrance of Madam Willard, Mary Allen West and Mary A. Wood- bridge. But we had none to lose who was more priceless to the white-ribbon movement than Mary T. Lathrap, our great speaker, writer and leader of debate. Therefore, that her life and character, her words and work may make the impress that they merit upon our members and our following, we, general officers of the National W. C. T. U.. request that ns soon as practicable, and if it can be arranged, on February 3, just one month from her death, memorial services be held for Mary T. Lathrap, president of the Michigan W. C. T. U., and a vice-president of the National society. We further suggest that pastors be in- vited to join in this service, and that some of Mrs. La thrap’s beautiful hymns be sung, especially the one begin ning, “There’s a shadow on the home.” The Y Song’Book has this hymn, and the W. T. P. A. publishes several leaf- lets from Mrs. Lathrap’s pen which would be invaluable to distribute at the meeting and to publish in the local press. Frances E. Willard, President. Katharine L. Stevenson, Cor. Sec. The thoughts of white-vibboners have turned in tender reflection during the past few weeks to the quiet home in Jackson, Mich., where our peerless prohibition advocate has been awaiting the call of her Master. Last Thursday, January 3, that call came and the great soul joined tin- triumphant throng. At noon on that day we received a telegram which for days we had been dreading. It read: “Mrs. Mary T. Lathrap died at 10 :30 this morning of gen eral neuralgia, aged fifty-six years and eight months.” A letter from her husband, Dr. C. C. Lathrap, received the day previous, had announced her growing weakness and added: “For four days she has held no conversation re- garding the things of this life, but her confidence in the future is so strong it seems a certainty to her and to u* also.” Sweetly, quietly the end came, “Like one who wraps the mantle of his couch About him and lies down to peaceful dreams." In an associated press dispatch sent out from Boston by Miss Willard, occur the following tributes in which all our readers who knew Mrs, Lathrap will concur: “In the death of Mrs. Lathrap, president of the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union of Michigan and the foremost prohibi tion orator among American women, the National Worn an’s Christian Temperance Union has met a loss not ex- ceeded byi any in the twenty years of its history. A woman of the highest quality of native talent, Mrs. Lathrap came to the first, convention of white ribbon women in Cleve land, Ohio, in 1874, already an accomplished Christian worker, and took rank at once as one of the most force- ful and eloquent advocates of the cause. Her broad and varied experience in connection with the Woman s For- eign Missionary Society had made her familiar with the needs of humanity and had given her a wide outlook toward social reform. Mrs. Lathrap was of Scotch-Irish ancestry and Presbyterian training, but became an hon- ored preacher of the Methodist, church, and as an evangel- ist has held meetings in the leading churches east and west. Mrs. Lathrap had a fine womanly presence, an ear- nest, convincing manner, and her rare gift of oratory won for her the name of ‘Daniel Webster of the temperance reform.’ She was no less gifted as a writer of both prose and verse than as a public speaker, and her melodious songs are sung by white-ribboners the world around." While the entire temperance world will mourn Mrs. La- thrap’s departure, it is to “Michigan, my Michigan,” that our tenderest sympathy goes, for she has been for fourteen years the president of that state, and a leader trusted and true beyond words. In our next issue we will give to oui readers a picture and sketch of Mrs. Lathrap, together with tributes and reminiscences from our National officers. 2 (18) HOPE. BY JENNIE CHBI8TIAN. Hope is the Lord’s best gift to man To keep him merry hearted, E’en when he, from the fondest dreams That come to man, is parted. The eye of faith of*t looks through tears When hope it is not heeding, But smiles of gladness light the; face, When hope the way is leading. What though dread disappointment comes, With its sad partner, sorrow! Hope bids us still look on before, And wait for God’s to-morrow. Eternal measurements of time Evade our comprehension; And so it is we fret and pine, And yield to wrong contention While waiting for the hand of God To shower the asked for blessing, While hope hopes on. Gou knows our needs Beyond our poor confessing, And in His own gqod time will send In satisfying measure. In answer to our hope in Him. The sought, the longed-for treasure* Peotone, III . A DEBT OF HONOR. BY LADY HENRY SOMERSET. • The flickering firelight cast into cavernous gloom all save the hearth on which it burnt, lighting only for a moment the long walls lined with books, the white fluted pillars that separated the divisions into panels, catching a gleam from the gilt leg of an old-fashioned damask elmir, and making wave-ljke shadows on the Turkey car- pet. A brighter flare from the glowing flame revealed at intervals the only occupant in that dim library stretched half-length upon a sofa near the white marble chimney- piece, and as the light occasionally fell on his head and face, the fair hair and bright complexion spoke of strength and youth in their heyday. By-and-by, however, the figure rose, tall and dark, cast- ing a .uug shadow across the hearth-rug, and, striking a mftttcb, lit one of the candles that stood in the blue Sevres candelabra on the mantelpiece. The little wick seemed almost bewildered at being called to perform so large a duty, and blinked and winked in a manner that served only to emphasize the dimness of the surroundings. The young man stood a moment before the fire with his hands behind his back, bis head slightly bent, apparently deep in thought. Nowand then an impatient jerk of his broad shoulders seemed to denote that his meditations were not agreeable, and n smothered ejaculation showed that he wished his fate, whatever it might be, were other than it was. Presently he looked up, and walking to the high-back armchair that stood on one side of the fireplace, he bent over it and examined minutely the snfall piece of paper that was pasted on the gilt carviug above the damask cushions, on which was printed in unmistakably clear characters, “Lot 178.” “Great God!” he murmured, under his breath; “why did I not tell Longhead to save that one? It’s too late now.” He laid his strong hand upon the cushion caressingly, as one would stroke some beloved brow. “I saw her there the last day. I see her now. Poor soul ! how glad I am she is not here to-night;” and almost, unconsciously he dropped into the chair and sat gazing into the fire. The glowing coals seemed full of pictures passing in <puck succession. They say that to the drowning the past, comes rushing by, one great dissolving-view of life’s story. Be that as it may, there are moments in our expe- rience when events long since forgotten rise like specters, beckoning us back to con the pngeR we have turned long since in the history of our existence. And it is at such moments that we stand apart from ourselves ready to judge the only individual whom we have carefully shielded from criticism. Perhaps it was the first time in this young mnn’s history that he had ever thought. Until this night when any reflection troubled the calm of his existence he had looked upon it as a sacred duty to find some channel into which he might divert the unpleas- ant current of his reflections. He “owed it to himself not THE UNION SIGNAL. to worry”; his bright life must not be clouded; it was a wrong against which he strictly guarded himself; but to- night the sentries were gone; the enemy had invaded the citadel of his being. There was the long line of events, the regiment of memories drawn np before him; and the stern reality of that little piece of paper on the back of the old chair forced him to face them. The fire had crackled just as it did to-night loug years back; the shad- ows fell on the nursery floor; he saw again the familiar room, and it seemed as though the little curly fair-haired boy sat once more in front of the blaze — on Christmas eve. Would the next day ever dawn? The chubby face turned wonderingly up the dark chimney. Would Father Christ- mas come creeping down there, or would he float in at the wide window through the frost-dimmed panes? The narrow bed looked white and tempting, but the blue eyes were wide awake, and the little pink toes were stretched out towards the blaze. “Now, Master Jack, git up.” How familiarly the voice sounded in his ear. “Git up, do; if you don’t git into bed and to sleep Father Christmas won’t come; he doesn’t come to naughty boys.” For many days before this festival Father Christmas filled a convenient place iu nursery threats. Every morn- ing he had heard nurse say with unfailing persistence, “If you don’t stand still and have your ears washed you’ll find your stocking empty, for sure. Father Christmas never comes to boys with dirty ears.” Whereat he held his breath while the hard twist of towel was poked into his ear and rolled round until it seemed to him to almost penetrate the brain. Then he lay in the little white dimity-curtained bed, well rucked in, with eyes that seemed as though they would never close, watching, watching till the fire biirned low and the room faded into mysterious depths of shadow. Then, tired of his vigil, he closed his eyes. In his dream there came to him the sound of soft rustling. Was it a silk gown or an angel’s wing? A whispered hurried con- sultation, and he half remembered a long kiss pressed on his curly head, and then darkness and forgetfulness. The pale winter-morning light struggled into the nur- sery. The monotonous sounds of nurse’s slumbers broke the silence; but as soon as consciousness returned there came the delightful sense that at last it was Christmas uay. The little form was crawling down the bed to where a large white cotton stocking hung, taking a shape that would have indicated somfe most terribly complicated ail- ment had it been on the leg of its owner. The bn6y hands were soon plunged into it. “Oh, nurse,” broke forth in triumphant accents the clear young voice, “it’s full!’’ And soon the quiet of the early morning was broken by the tooting of a trumpej,, the bells on a toy harness and the beating of a miniature drum. “Yon naughty boy.” said nurse drowsily; but threats were impotent since Father Christmas had come indeed. Hardly second in importance to presents received were the presents to be given; the mysterious parcel in silver paper “For Mother,” which had been hidden long on the top shelf of the cupboard; and soon the little night- gowned figure was flying through the passage and sitting under the large canopy of the bed, while mother with an effort roused herself to receive the packet with’appropriate enthusiasm. “Don’t yon wonder what it is?” said the eager voice, as anxiously he watched the string untied, to dis- close a fearful card-rack in ormolu, carefully chosen by him and nurse in the neighboring town. “Isn’t it beauti- ful?” he had said, oblivious of the fact that he ought not to usurp the double rOle of donor and recipient. “We knew you would like it;” and then the sweet voice an- swered in all sincerity that she would always keep it. She spoke truly, for it waR docketed with date and name and put away among her treasures, and he had found it thus safely stored after many years. Those were the days when he was taken, as a treat, to church; when the light streamed down from the colored windows as he sang, in a childish voice, about the herald angels, and sighed during the Litany, noting the land- marks and anxiously listening for the “fruits of the earth” as a blessed indication of the approaching end of an ex- ercise which seemed to him almost interminable. Then the merry dinner, the crackers and the games. When the elders were tired of playing upstairs there was always the steward’s room to fall back upon; and there the meals seemed more prolonged, and his welcome inexhaustible. Bitting on Mr. Hayler’s knee he listened intently to long stories of other little boys the old butler had known, and of wonderful experiences of foreign travel that had fallen to his lot when he crossed the channel “to go to Paris with father.” The happy day wore on and on, and at last the tired eyes closed only to wake again to more happi- ness and merriment and joy on the morrow. Boston^ Mass. (To be continued.) Innocence is not righteousness, though many a soul thinks because it has not been stiained by sin it is right- eous.— F. W. Gunsaulus , D. D . January 10, 1895. THE FRATERNITY OF REFORMS. II. BY REV. WILBUR F. CRAFTS. PAST AND PBE8ENT OP LABOR REFORM. All moral reforms are but the intertwining limbs iuto which the solid trunk of Christianity branches out, and through wjiich it comes to flower and fruit. In our symbolic tree the vices that occasion the various reforms are the roots. The tap root is the love of money. — not money but the love of it— the root, not of “all evil,” but as the Revision has it, “of all kinds of evil.” Close beside this tap root of covetousness, sometimes bearing it up, are two roots, almost as deadly, ambition and lust. We have recently noted one hundred and sixty-four branches of current reform, most of them closely allied to the five chief branches, whose freshest developments are to be discussed in successive articles. These chief branches are: Labor reform, purity reform, Sabbath re- form, gambling reform, temperanoe reform. The labor reform branch, newqst of the five, is just noW growing phenomenally. Christians are learning to read the Bible sociologically, and are finding it, so rend, a new book. Moses is seen to be what Henry George calls him, “the first labor reformer,” while Christ is applauded by the very workingmen who most criticise the church. The world is also learning to write and to read history sociologically, as a history of peoples , not of kings only; of social developments rather than military achievements. So read we find behind the false splendor of famous kings and constant wars that the most persistent and universal fact of history is the oppression of the poor by the rich and powerful. Our Liberty Bell in 1776 awakened oppressed peoples in all civilized lands, with the result that popular govern- ment now exists in some measure in every Christian country, except Russia, and has passed beyond into pro- gressive Japan. * The great disturbing fact of our time is that while the people have also progressed industriously, the progress in this department has not by any means kept pace with their political progress. Industrial equality of opportu- nity is demanded as the natural accompaniment of polit- ical equality. That a man whose hand holds the regal ballot should stretch out that hand in vain for a chance to work seems incongruous. Denied other tools it is not strange that he proposes to use the ballot to obtain them. He will make his right to vote enforce his right to work. Having rejected the theory that a few have by “divine .right” a monopoly of government, he is questioning more peacefully whether a few should be allowed a monopoly of the means of pro- duction. Revolutions were sometimes excusable as a ne- cessity in obtaining {tblitical rights, but workmen with a majority of ballots have no sort of excuse for using the boomerangs of violence. Labor reformers do not ask a “grand divide.” He who shows the folly of that also shows his own folly in sup- posing it a live issue. All that labor leaders can be said to be generally united in demanding is, government ownership and control of such means of production as have been removed from the field of free competition into that of private monopoly, which is industrial mon- archy. The gulf current of natioual sentiment, not only among the poor, but also among Christian scholars, seems to be setting strongly towards city ownership of lighting plants, waterworks and street railroads, and national ownership of railways and telegraphs at least, if not also the closely related express business and the mines, such ownership to be honestly acquired and to be accompanied by civil ser- vice reform. Many are ready for the municipal part of this program, which is, in fact, being rapidly adopted, not through so- cialists but through tax-payers who see no reason why the profits of city monopolies should not pay the city's ex- penses instead of enriching private monopolies, which should be owned by the city for the additional reason that otherwise the city will be owned by them. As to national ownership of national monopolies, there is no reason to fear it will be entered upon without due consideration. To an unprecedented degree the nation is at school on industrial and civic problems, which are being studied, not only in labor unions, but also, with new zeal, in col- leges, theological seminaries, sociological institutes, good government clubs, good citizenship conventions and Christian conferences. Industrial studies have also been carried by the press to every home in rebent years in reports and discussions of the Homestead and Chicago strikes, and the consequent new departures of the courts in this new field of industrial warfare, and anew of Inte by the national strike report, and its remarkable recom- mendations, that give official standing to what had before been considered only the too radical claims of reformers. — a report the discussion of which will be renewed and January 10, 1 895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (19) 3 f" ^tilled by the more recent imprisonment of the Chicago o. > leaders. The sovereign people have in recent elections shown themselves capable of sudden changes and political sur- prises, but they are not likely to be drawn by demagogues into too sudden changes in our industrial system, while they are so generally absorbed in studies which can hardly fail to show that peaceful evolution is really swifter than violent revolution. Clifton Springs , N. Y. WOMEN IN PRACTICAL POLITICS. BY MRS. O. B. HOPKINS. When the recent municipal campaign in this city opened and it became evident that it was necessary to bring every legitimate influence to bear to overthrow the Tammany Hall plunderers, Dr. Parkhurst suggested that an invita- tion be extended to all good women for assistance. Some of the reformers, agreeing with Dr. Parkhurst, were of the opinion that the women could do a great work; oth- ers were as decidedly of the view that they should stay in the shelter of their homes and above all shun the contam- inating atmosphere of New York city politics. To justify such an invitation it was considered necessary to have a precedent and in searching for one Dr. Parkhurst com- municated with Mayor Schieren in reference to the result of the work of women of Brooklyn in the municipal con- test in that city last year. Mayor Schieren gave a most glowing report and Dr. Parkhurst began at once a vigor- ous and successful effort to enlist the women in behalf of the reform ticket. Dr. Parkhurst had in mind Mrs. Josephine Sb«w Lowell as the woman best fitted to head the movement. Mrs. Lowell went to Dr. Parkhurst of her own volition and offered her services. She sent invitations to women of wealth, influence and position who filled Association Hall, heard Dr. Parkhurst speak, became enthusiastic and im- mediately formed the nucleus of a city organization. Women who had never before appeared in public plunged into municipal politics and worked early and late until the polls closed. It has seemed to me a good time to put on record the opinion of those who were in a position to know the value of the work the women did in this remarkable cam- paign. With this purpose in mind I have ascertained the views of some of the best known leaders who were in the forefront of the struggle against Tammany. I give only extracts from these letters, as it would make this article much too long were I to quote them in full. Mayor-elect |Strong says, “The great victory that we achieved November 6 could hardly have been so outspoken and potent if it had not been for the influence of the good women.” Gen. Horace Porter declares that “every one who witnessed the cooperation of the women and weighed its effect is convinced that their efforts had much to do with the securing of a better government for the metropo- lis.” Ex-Mayor Abram S. Hewitt says, “there is no doubt that the influence brought to bear by the various women’s organizations was very effective.” Dr. R. S. McArthur claims that “they have demonstrated their ability to per- form brave, heroic and patriotic service in great munici- pal crises.” Henry George enthusiastically testifies that in his opinion “the interest shown by women in that re- markable campaign was only somewhat less gratifying, and probably more important in results, than the over- throw of what I have called a ‘non-partisan league for public plunder.’ ” Pages of testimony of this character could be easily secured, and what seems a little strange is that hardly any one wants to put himself on record as saying anything different. I have endeavored to secure the opinion of some opponents of women suffrage, but they are uni- formly either too busy to give the matter thought or paid very little attention to this feature of the campaign. After noting the fact that it is generally conceded that the women rendered great service in the recent campaign, it is worth while to inquire a little as to just what the character of this service was. At this point I am again able to give but a very small portion of the testimony that is available. The New York dailies contain pages of the most detailed evidence of the practical political abil- ity of those who led the women’s movement. The World of October IT contained a long article on what the women proposed to do. The following is a por- tion of the article in an abridged form: “Enlist the support of the pulpit; hold prayer-meetings in every city tabernacle; circulate pledges in opposition to Tammany in every public place; encourage the forma- tion of women’s clubs in every assembly district; arrange for at least one monster mass-meeting of the women to be addressed by women orators; encourage the formation of any and all organizations of women having in view the general good; give especial attention to young men who are just entering their majority, and vote for the first time this fall; see that a woman’s appeal to woman reaches every household; go into the crowded tenement districts, and meet and talk with the workingwomen in their pub- lic halls; make a house to house registration canvass in every assembly district; visit prominent citizens at their places of business, and secure their autograph indorse- ments; open general and district headquarters for the dis- ' tribution of literature and the enrollment of our friends; contribute freely for necessary expenses; loan carriages for use on election day, and charge every woman to see that the voters of her household go to the polls on elec- tion day.” This elaborate program, mapped out only three weeks before election, was closely followed. The World a week later noted: “The women’s movement in politics, perhaps the most remarkable that New York has ever seen, is growing and widening. ... So significant an uprising, so radical a development has astonished even many of the women who have plunged into the work with enthusiasm.” On October 28 the World said : “There is very practical politics in the movement. A committee on registration have covered this city from one end to the other, and through their efforts a large number of men have been set to work canvassing election districts to see that men are registered. Up to this time a great part of the efforts of the women have been con- centrated upon registration. In this particular field they have accomplished a great deal. Their work is shown in nearly every boarding house in the city. Men talk about it on the street corners and wherever they come together.” The World , on November 4, said: “During the past week the women’s campaign has been pushed witn desperate ardor. Pamphlets and leaflets containing resolutions, appeals, supplications, exhorta- tions, warning and advice in English, German, Hebrew, Italian, French and Spanish have been sent out by the thousands. Personal letters have been written by hun- dreds. . . . One woman of the Women’s Municipal League said that she had written three hundred letters herself. . . Every woman worker has made a direct appeal to every man of her acquaintance, either person- ally or by letter. . . The tenements have been worked over several times in the effort to win votes through the workingmen’s wives. Factories where men are employed have been canvassed.” The World, in summing up the work that had been done for the reform ticket on the day before the election, said: “It is impossible to estimate the result of the work done by the women. They have done infinitely more than Dr. Parkhurst expected them to do. They have given the fight a respectability and standing foreign to municipal politics. There is no question in the mind of any of the leaders of the committee of seventy, but that to the wom- en is due a great deal of credit for the large increase in registration in certain districts. That is one thing that the women set out to do and they have accomplished wou- ders. They have awakened the indifferent stay-at-homes and made them do their part. They have made voting fashionable. They have done practical work in vote get- ting. The women in the league expect to astonish some folks that are looking toward the east side. They reached the voter down there through his wife. They have dis- tributed a large quantity of reading matter. No one can pretend to estimate the number of meetings that the women have held. There were more than thirty in differ- ent parts of the city on Thursday night alone. They have made it a campaign of education.” These are only a few paragraphs of pages of the most conclusive and impartial testimony that exist indicating that the women of New York have shown a genius for political work of the most effective and elevated charac- ter. The wonderful success of their thirty days’ campaign is generally acknowledged by all fair-minded men. Be- yond a doubt this campaign has greatly accelerated the equal suffrage movement in this city among all classes ex- cept the criminal politicians and rumsellers. Neiv York City. THE “SUNKEN ROAD” AND THE BRIDGE INTENDED TO SPAN IT. 0 BY JOSIAH W. HEEDS. An article taken from the Blue and Gray Magazine ap- peared in a daily paper a short time ago in which refer- ence was made to that historic bloody chasm of the field of Waterloo known as the Sunken Road of Ohain, and a parallel to it, as a lane of death, found in a certain sunken and blind road on the field of Antietam, which, even pre- vious to the battle, had sometimes gone by the name of “Bloody Lane.” By somewhat of a coincidence it was only a few days prior to my perusal of the article referred to, that I re- ceived from the proprietors of the British Workman of London, a bundle of copies of a late issue of their paper, in which occurs a pictorial illustration of “A Crash at Waterloo,” being a reproduction of a painting of the cli- max of carnage and death such as was said to have mar? ed the scene at the Sunken Road of Ohain, when the French cuirassiers, coming suddenly upon the fateful ravine, rol* ed, horses and riders together, pell-mell into it — the rest of the regiment riding forward over the filled grave of mangled and writhing bodies! The foregoing picture, as I judge by the initials in the left hand corner, is a production of the artist, Gustave Dord. A second picture is given, styled, “After the Bat- tle.” The white face of a dead soldier upturned to the moonlight, the head pillowed upon the prostrate form of his dead charger, a spaniel with its paw laid upon the sol- dier’s breast, while its head is turned to look at other sol- diers bearing off the field a wounded companion; on the right an overturned gun carriage; a burning homestead in the middle distance. The evident intent of these pictures, like the grim but terribly truthful canvasses of the Rus sian Verestchagen, and those of Felix Moscheles, of Lon- don, is to show war in its reality, for the text in the Brit- ish Workman , which they illustrate, is a plea, written by Pastor J. P. Gledstone, entitled “The Abolition of War.” The excellent little paper which I have named has, dur- ing a long course of years, brought many a forcible argu- ment for abstinence from strong drink to the attention ol tho workingmen of Great Britain, and I believe has exer- cised a determinate influence in reducing the pro rata con- sumption of liquors which has been recorded over there within a few years. It is likely now to do similar valua- ble service in arousing in the minds of the very large number of bread-winners of Britain by whom it is read, an abhorrence of the barbarism of war. When the workingman is told, as he is in the paper now being noticed, that the cost of a single new shell, without the powder, would absorb the wages of an ordinary farm laborer five months, and that the cost of the armies of Europe is sufficient to compel every man and woman the whole continent over to work an hour a day more than they otherwise would, he is thereby made acquainted with the financial sido of the appeal to the “hearts of oak” in a way well calculated to set him thinking. When the Vic- toria was sunk in the Mediterranean last year in a quiet sea, there went down the equivalent of the weekly wages of a million workingmen. Referring to the various suggested ways and plans now mooted for discouraging the appeal to arms, allusion is made to those of the proportional reduction of arma- ments, the shortening of the (European) military service from three years to one year, and the proposed establish- ment of a High Court of Nations for the settlement of international disputes, all of which seemed chimerical to talk about a few years ago, but are now in the mouths of kings, parliaments, publicists, journalists and the churches. Our essayist believes that the only sure founda- tion on which peace can securely rest, is the teaching and authority and example of Christ, all else — the humanita- rian aspect, the argument founded on expediency, and the profit and loss point of view — being but “shifting sand.” Teaching the young the use of deadly weapons that may be used for the destruction of men, is strongly deprecated. Aside from the moral aspect of the matter, the charac- ter of this physical exercise for the lads cannot be fairly claimed as possessing any superiority over that of a good system of calisthenics. Professor Sargent, Harvard’s well known instructor in gymnastics, who has been frequently quoted in this connection, is authority for the state- ment that the usual military drill but awkwardly and im- perfectly develops the body, and is a very indifferent substitute for intelligently pursued gymnastic exercises. In the matter of it being a nice way to instil habits of obedience, the result has proved so unsatisfactory in a Massachusetts public school that the plan has been aban- doned; while it was but a little while ago that a daily paper of Binghampton, N. Y., recounted a street scrim- mage between rival companies of boys’ brigades, two of the unarmed companies driving and pelting with stones and brickbats a third company armed with dummy guns, to the shelter of the church building whence they had started out. Despite any theory or assumption to the contrary, the practical consequent of maneuvering with military weapons is to instil a craving for war and thirst for military glory. A lady (reported in a late Union Signal issue) who has carefully looked into the new movement of the boys’ bri- gade, says: “I have asked individual boys everywhere, ‘What do you learn, what do you do with it?’ And they have answered me, ‘I hope there will be a war when I am a man, and if I am a general I will be ahead of any of the others.’” Another lady in remarking upon this undesir- able tendency of the method, indicates what wijl probably be the eventual outcome of the wide discussion of the sub- ject in the churches that “the missionary and other socie- ties of this country have takeu up this matter, and they are proposing to substitute physical culture exercises for the military tactics.” I was in attendance at the last graduation exercises of tho Indian Industrial school, at Carlisle, when the boys were trotted around in the large gymnasium for quite awhile, 4 (20) THE UNION SIGNAL. January 10, 1895. bat not one of them held a gun, neither did the sentry who was on duty at the guard-house and lock-up by the entrance gate, make any display of a deadly weapon. The lesRons of the schools everywhere ought to be in the direc- tion of peace and the amicable settlement of differences. That was a wise procedure of the American Peace Society, Boston, in offering prizes to students of American col- leges for the best theses on a named anti-war topic. It is interesting to note that Hezekiah Butterworth, ed- itor of Youth's Companion , has lately been inditing poems of peace. That widely read educational journal, The Chan- tauquan , editorially referring not long ago to the better way for settling international disputes, placed it in con- trast with “the barbaric resort to arms, which in an indi- vidual is now considered nothing short of a crime/’ It may not be generally known to readers of this journal that the late Charles Sumner, who eloquently formulated his hope and his belief in the approaching peace of the world in his oration upon “The True Grandeur of Nations,” left a legacy to Harvard College, the interest of which was to be (and of late years has been) applied to theses by the col- legians upon the subject herein considered. Will not efforts such as these, multiplying as the years go on, do much to bridge and to close the bloody chasm of international animosities? All claims and quarrels of contending nations, not readily resolvable by their re- spective Departments of State, being submitted to the good offices of the High Court of Nations, the peoples at interest would calmly await the formal decision of their high judicial representatives with no more thought of an appeal to force than now accompanies any adjudi- cation by our Supreme Court upon claims arising between the different states or citizens of one and another state. Longfellow’s words of happy augury in this direction are always animating: “Were half the power that fills the world with terror, Were half the wealth bestowed on camps and courts, Given to redeem the mind from error, There were no need of arsenals and forts. “The warrior’s name would be a name abhorred! And everjr nation that should lift again Its hand against a brother, on its forehead Would wear forever the curse of Cain! “Down the dark future, through long generations, The echoing sounds grow fainter and then cease; And like a bell, with solemn, sweet vibrations, I hear once more the voice of Christ, say ‘Peace!’” Philadelphia Pa. \ “WHEN DOCTORS DISAGREE." II. BY KATE O. BU8HNELL, M. D. It is generally assumed by commentators that the real meaning of I. Cor. 11:10 is, “Therefore ought the woman to have a veil upon her head because of the angels.” That is, the word “power” is supposed to mean “veil.” Not that the Greek word exonsia, power, has been ever found in Scripture or classical literature having that meaning. The nearest approach to such a meaning is that the word has been used once for a method of dressing the hair. Indeed, Dean Stanley is compelled to admit merely that “there may have been a Cicilian provincialism of which no other example is extant, of which analogies may afford a slight confirmation.” He further states that “this is all that the learning of seventeen centuries has been able to produce in illustration of the meaning of ‘ exousia ’ as ‘a veil.’ There are several grave objections to this use of the word; exousia in the earlier epistles does not mean ‘dominion,’ but ‘Tight’ or ‘liberty.’ ” Yet upon this very slender foundation of fact, namely, that once only in all Greek literature the word exousia , power, is used (by Callistratus) in describing a method of hair dressing, the King James’ version of th'e New Testa- ment gives the longest marginal rendering in the Bible, and such a rendering as is an emphatic denial of the state- ment of the sabred text itself. We will not now ^ay that this marginal rendering is not the true one. Be that as it may, we can most assuredly pronounce this instance the most audacious handling of the sacred text on record. The Greek text plainly and simply, in the most direct language that could be used, makes the statement, “There- fore ought the woman to have power over her head.” The King James’ marginal rendering makes this mean, “There- fore ought the woman to have a covering on her head, in sign that she is under the power of her husband.” No mich manipulation of the word “power” is attempted, nor would it be considered allowable anywhere else in the sacred text. For instance, the exact word for “power” and the same preposition for “over” occur in Rev. 2:26, “He that overcometh ... to him will I give ‘power over’ the nations.” Let us try to imagine that this means, “He that overcometh to him will I give a sign that he is under the power of nations,” and we find ourselves trying to Imagine a contradiction to what the sacred text says. Again Rev. 14:18 and Rev. 20:6 have exactly the same words as this tenth verse of the eleventh of I. Corinthi- ans for “power over.” Let us try to force a similar meaning into them. We must then read, “And another angel came out from the altar which had a sign that he was under the power of fire.” That is quite contrary to the exact interpretation “which hsd power over fire.” Then in Rev. 20: 6 we read, “on such the second death hath no power;” shall we make that read “the second death hath no sign that it is under the power of such,” i. e., those of the first resurrection? That makes an as- tonishing alteration in the sense. For these reasons I fully concur with Bishop Lightfoot who says of this verse, “It is to be inquired whether ‘to have power’ does not properly, yea, always denote to have power in one’s own hand, not a power above one; as Matt. 7:27, John 19: 10, I. Cor. 7: 39, I. Cor. 9:4, and elsewhere a thousand times,” and with Dean Stanley who is bound, after all, to admit, “ exousia in the earlier epistles does not mean ‘dominion,’ but ‘right’ or ‘liberty,’ ” and I de- clare with Bishop Lightfoot my unwavering belief that the apostle distinctly states exactly what he means, namely, that women have “the right” or “liberty” to veil or unveil, and the reason given for that liberty is ex- pressed in the phrase “because of the angels” whatever that may mean. In Bishop Lightfoot’s words we would say then, “she hath free power in her own hands” over her own head to veil or unveil as she pleases. Now the next perplexing point is to ascertain the mean- ing of the expression “because of the angels.” There are wide differences of opinions on this point. Dean Stanley asserts that it meaus that women have been, in the past, a source of temptation to lustful thoughts to the angels; and were really the cause of the fall of the angels (!) which must rest upon the astonishing theory (which he does not even mention) that the angels are all males and are crea- ture^ of sex. We admit that the pronoun “he” is used of angels, but that proves little; Jesus calls himself con- stantly the Son of Man, when in truth, from the human standpoint, He was the Son of woman only. Further, Jesus said that in heaven “they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels ,” which we supposed meant — not female nor male but sexless. Others assert (and this is the commonest interpretation) that angels are present at divine service who will note whether the women wear veils or not, and conscientious women who accept this interpretation are left to feel the terror of that statement which must be greatly enhanced by the fact that the theologians disagree as to whether they ought or ought not to wear veils. Says Cook’s Commen- tary, “If a woman be so lost to sense of shame that she shrinks not in church from the public eye, let her fear the mournful gaze of these divine sentinels.” But no one seems to think in these days that the women in the church choir who are often one step higher in conspicuous posi- tion than even the minister, need fear “the mournful gaze of these divine sentinels” when they siug unveiled, nor does the commentator offer any proof to show that the woman “who shrinks not ftom the public eye” is, after all, “lost to sense of shame” in anything she should really be ashamed of. , There is a great deal of this taking it for granted that what men may do most properly, only women “lost to sense of shame” will do — but there is small proof of two standards of morality in the Word of Him with whom “there is no respect of persons,” and “neither male nor female.” Webster and Wilkinson say, “Then [that is, in heaven] the distinction of sex shall cease; so now in their [the angels’] presence and company let the inferior sex merge as it were into the superior, [by vanishing behind their veils into oblivion and silence] let men present in appearance the human worship, the women in ^he men.” But this sort of oneness answers better the prejudices of the surviving than the vanishing one. I have seen such a sinking of the “distinction of sex” into oneness. Having secured a pair of spiders of a rare species, I put them into a box to chloroform them, but upon opening the box found one very wide, important-looking spider left. “They two” had become “one flesh.” I observed that this sort of oneness tended greatly to the enlargement of the survivor. Dr. Taylor suggests yet another interpretation. “The men upon sundry occasions sent messengers to these female assemblies; and these messengers, coming in the name of their husbands, brought in a sense their author- ity with them; on which account the women ought to ob- serve a just decorum as if their husbands were present.” But another, and we believe the preferable interpreta- tion of the expression “because of the angels,” is “because of the messengers” sent as spies. “Angel” and “messen- ger” are the same word in Greek. And “angels” or “mes- sengers” is translated “spies” in the Septnagint transla- tion of Joshua 6:25, where it speaks of “the messengers which Joshua sent to spy oulf Jericho.” These “messen- gers” are also called “spies” in Hebrews 11:81. They are mentioned as “messengers” or “angels” again in James 2:25. This meaning (spies) as equivalent in this passage to “angels,” is given in Sohleusner’fe lexicon and sup- ported by many eminent authorities. The apoBtle Paul speaks of trouble from false brethren who came “to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus,” (Gal. 2: 4), and it is not improbable that Saul of Tarsus, the perse- cutor of the early disoiples, Acts 9:3, was such an “angel” or “spy.” 9 That the word “angels” may in this connection be “spies,” seems to us much more probable than that they were “mes- sengers of espousal,” as Bishop Lightfoot claims, for we have given examples of this use of the words as equiva- lents to each other from both the Old and New Testament Greek, whereas there is no example of t^e meaning “mes- sengers of espousals” ever having been equivalent to “angels,” in either the New or Old Testament. London , Eng. THE POLYGLOT PETITION. Dear Union Signal: — I am here at Hot Springs, Ar- kansas, nature’s cure-all sanitarium, in attendance upon a sick and crippled son, and trying meantime in these hot baths to get rid of the cold that has threatened pneu- monia and la grippe for weeks past, and coughed me almost to death. While shut in between these “ragged hills” thought has roamed at will, taking in the whole domain of our labor, our hopes and fears and prayers. I see that the great Polyglot Petition is to begin its “round the world” journey in February, when Miss Wel- lard, Lady Henry Somerset and other white-ribboners will present it to our own Congress; and next spring it will be presented to the British Parliament, and so on to the great powers of the earth. % In proportion to the number of white-ribboners, the United States presents the smallest number of names on the Petition. For this, we shall all feel a little sore and sorry. Why should any other country outdo the country in which the white ribbon leader who originated the Peti- tion lives? Why should any other body of white-ribbon- ers outstrip the National W. C. T.U., who is the mother of them all? There is no doubt that in securing temperance teaching in public schools and Sunday-schools, in wrest- ing from ofttimes unwilling legislatures, laws for the pro- tection of little boys from the poison narcotics, and little girls from the poisoner lust of evil men our women are “tired out.” No other body of white-ribbdners in all the world has accomplished so much in all these lines as the National W. C. T. U. But, because we havo done more than any other country in all these lines, is the very strongest reason why we should not allow any other country to outdo us in this Great Petition which is bound to become a matter of his- tory for all the future. It is not too late to make up our record. I have issued a circular letter to all unions and to all friends of tem- perance in Missouri, asking them to out out the Petition from The Union Signal, paste it on long sheets of paper and begin in every church in the state. Ask the pastor to read the Petition and explain that it is to be presented in February to our own government, next to Great Brit- ain in the spring. Then he will ask all in the audience who will assent to this most reasonable Petition to rise and be counted. The pastor himself will then record on petition that “three hundred and fifty persons in the M. E. church of did subscribe to this Petition.” Thus without labor thou- sands of names may be obtained in one single Sabbath. Of course many other names may be obtained by solici- tation, as time, strength and opportunity permit. If all states would make this effort through the churches for the next four weeks our numbers on petitions will not be smaller proportionately than other countries. The effort can so easily be made, shall we not try it? Then our restored and beloved leader could not say so sadly of her American women, “It is the one thing in which they have not come up to my hopes.” We need not fail in- anything, and we shall not fail, if we will only make the effort, and make it at onoe. I appeal to all state presidents and to all local presi- dents to try this plan (unless they can suggest a better one) through January and the first week in February. Try it in all the churches, and in all sorts of public assemblies where good and true temperance people gather. Try it with individuals so far as time and opportunity permit, but we can swell the numbers chiefly at the public meeting. We ought not to allow any country to surpass us in this historic deed, and no country can surpass us unless we sit supinely with folded hands and let them do it. Our na- tional pride should forbid that. We can change all the record and stand at the head if only we will make a strong, united and decisive effort through the next few weeks. Shall we make the effort? How many say “yes”? How many will do as well as say t Hot Springs, Ark. Clara C. Hoffman. January 10, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (21) 6 Dear Fellow Soldiers: — I attended a.revival service last night in a locality where white-ribboners are in force. It thrilled me to watch our earnest-faced sisters as they worked. When the leader said “come” they were ready; when he said “pray” their voices were not lagging, when he said “speak” their words were quick, to the point, urg- ent. I said to myself, “They are typical white-ribboners and the secret of their power is the secret of the power of our whole army: Ready obedience. First, obedience to the Highest, then prompt following of every good call whether it be from the voice of the Spirit within or from without. It takes as much “grace, grit and gumption” to follow as it does to lead. Some of us are growing old in the service. We regret that some day not far off we must lay down our activities. Who shall take them up? Our thoughts turn trustfully and joyfully to our reserve force in the loyal temperance legion. The Crusade swept into line what men would call “raw recruits.” Their newness to the march was supplemented by special grace from God, and they went forward as heroes. Now, the little feet are catching the step and we find ourselves pressing forward lest the younger soldiers be hindered. Mrs. Helen G. Rice, National superintendent of the L. T. L. work, has issued a leaflet for her aids from which I want to quote a paragraph in case some of our readers may not otherwise see it: “One of the most important decisions made in regard to our work for the coming year was for the creation of a normal department for the development and training of L. T. L. superintendents and teachers. Mrs. Bradbury, of Wisconsin, from whom have come so many bright ideas for our work, gives us this plan,: Each WVC. T. U. and Y is asked to constitute itself a normal class for the study of L. T. L. lessons and methods. If the union as a whole does not care to adopt this method, let all who are willing to do so, band themselves into such a class. “As the t>3ass grdws in nutnbers and interest special tal- ents will develop; some women will be found best fitted to teach the very little ones, some the older juniors, some the seniors. Each class may work toward the gathering of a choice library for its own use. We believe that the members of the normal class ‘will grow in thought and heart and lofty purpose,’ that the oft-repeated question, ‘How can we make our regular W. C. T. U. meetings in- teresting?’ will be in a large degree answered, and the painfully frequent wail, ‘We can find no leader for the L. T. L.,’ will give way to the song of thanksgiving that the union is permitted to minister to Christ in the person of the children for whom He showed such tender care.” DEPARTMENT OF MERCY. Many questions arise as to what is allowable in the matter of dress and what is not, such as, “If wearing feath- ers involves cruelty, where are we to stop? Must they not be used at all?” No doubt the difficulty is a genuine one. Mrs. Mary F. Lovell, National superintendent of the department, gives the following answer: “In the present state of our civilization the production of much that we need is attended with more or less cruelty, yet some of the things produced seem to be nec- essaries for which as yet no substitutes have been in- vented. We must look at these matters honestly and conscientiously, and with the exercise of common sense. Articles which are chosen for their beauty, and which something else could replace, should be done without if procuring them causes cruelty or a waste of innocent life. The same rule seems to apply in the case of food. There is enough to eat without using food which is procured through torture of living creatures. It is true that in many cases it is possible to do the killing with little suf- fering, but if it is not so done, a question seems to arise which each must answer as conscience dictates. And it may be asked what claim any one of us has to the posses- sion of humane and merciful sentiment who does not take some time to investigate the sources of food and drers supply, and who will not endure what conscience may im- pose as a result of discovery. As a result of my own investigation I have felt that I cannot consistently wear some articles of dress or adornment, but must find sub- stitutes. Through the literature of the department I shall try to enlighten others. The rest is with their con- sciences. The reading of the book ‘Animals’ Rights’ was the final cause of my discontinuance of the use of meat. After a trial of more than a year, I find no dimi- nution of health, but rather improvement.” W. O. T. U. LIBRARIES. A letter that has just come to Mother Experience says: “Our union has bought ‘A Great Mother’ to use in connec- tion with our mothers’ meetings, and it is to be the nucleus of a W. C. T. U. library later on.” There are hosts of unions that have never even dreamed of owning a library, and yet such a thing is not unattainable. A Bible, The Union Signal, National and state minutes, the state W. C. T. U. paper, the local newspaper, a copy of the state laws, could all be procured by a little pains and very slight expense. Set the “wits” of the union to work, ar- range an attractive “book” entertainment, admission to be the donation of at least one good book. Have a cnih dren’s corner in your library, so that when mother brings the child to “meeting” there may be something good for the tender mind to feed upon when abstruse questions are discussed by older heads. All the way from Virginia comes the cry, “Please tell me through your paper what you think of a W. C. T. U. honorary member wearing the white ribbon and SMOKING CIGARETTES?” Ephraim is joined to his idols most surely. The white ribbon is an outward sign of the wearer’s obedience to the command, “Keep thyself pure.” Our National pledge says nothing about cigarettes, but they ought to go with- out saying. A smoking honorary is no honor, and after due warning and persuasion ought to give up his cigarette or his badge. The smoke habit is only a remove from the drink habit. Both are perversion of appetite; both are hurtful to body and brain; both are unclean; both are intemperate; both are unmanly and unChristian. We now come to the third and last account of tho RIPLEY MOTHERS’ MEETINGS. “There were fifty ladies assembled at the church parlor for the June mothers’ meeting. The subject was ‘Gen- erosity, how cultivated? Selfishness, how eradicated?’ Our president selected for her Scripture reading the third chapter of I. John. A short season of prayer was followed by the discussion of the subject. “Some of the thoughts advanced were as follows: “True generosity must embody love. Some who are cqnscientious in appropriating a definite portion of their means to charity, do noX feel that this includes anything but actual need, and thus pass by many opportunities of cheering and lightening the burdens of those to whom some little luxury which they cannot afford would be a real blessing. Another class are always giving and doing for others, but will not permit others to do for them, and thus are selfish in not allowing others to participate in the blessing of giving, as shown in the text, ‘It is more blessed to give than to receive.’ Lavishness is not nec- essarily generosity. Some people givp as they talk, freely and constantly, but wholly for their own enjoyment. “Parents should train their children to feel that thought- less giving which involves no self-denial is not real gener- osity, and also that they must be just as well a6 generous. One should not be constantly making presents while his family want for many things, or his debts remain unpaid. “One practical form of generosity was recommended, viz.: that people open their homes more to homeless young men and girls, who are found in such largo num- bers in our towns and cities. “The desire of many young people to evade whatever they ‘do not feel like doing,’ was strongly denounced, and mothers urged to enforce their commands and requests. “The question was asked whether mothers are not some- times too generous, and thus allow their children to out- grow them in the advanced education and in the literary and musical pursuits. In the discussion which followed one prominent thought was that the children should be expected to share their pleasures, concerts, etc., with their mothers. If the pocketbook will not allow all the fam- ily to attend these, the mother should have her share with the rest. Even babies should be encouraged to share with mother, who, for the sake of the child’s future, must be willing to take the little favors. “Some experiences with little children were given, and questions asked from some who were puzzled as to the best way to proceed with the two or three-year-olds, for some of whom it is much harder to be generous than for others. One mother said she thought children should give from principle and with a good motive, being in- structed in regard to the duty as well as privilege. The outcome of all the discussion brought us back to the seed thought given at the beginning of the meeting, that true generosity must be from love, and only as we culti- vate love in our own and our children’s hearts shall we see that generosity which seeks the happiness and com- fort of others. ‘Love seeketh not her own.’” If ever there was a work and labor of love it is that done in the interest of God and Home and Native Land. Mother Experience. And there sat a certain manat Lystra, im- potent in liis feet, being a cripple from his mother’s womb, who never had w alked. The same heard Paul speak w ho steadfastly beholding him, and perceiving he had faith to be healed, said with a loud voice, Stand upright on thy feet, and he leaped and walked.—Actsl4: 8, 9, 10. Already answers have been received to the appeal for a tablet in Willard Hall to the memory of the beloved and talented secretary of the World’s and Natioual W. C. T. tJ., Mary A. Woodbridge. Miss Cornelia M. Dow, daughter of our “grand old man,” Neal Dow, encloses a dollar and writes: “I saw your appeal in last week’s Union Signal for a tablet to the memory of Mary A. W’oodbridge. I want to add my mite to the fund as I greatly admired her in every phase of her life.” Under same date (December 31) Lelia E. Johnson, Toledo, Oi, writes: “I certainly think the name of Mary A. Woodbridge should be on the walls of Willard Hall. I would like to be the one to start a subscription for such a memorial. Enclosed find $2 for that purpose; wish it was ten times as much but it is all I can do just now.” Miss M. A. Gould, of Urquepaugh, R. I., sends twenty cents and writes that it is to be applied on a tablet fund for Mrs. Woodbridge. We hope a largo number of the admirers of this great and good woman will consider it a privilege to send loving tributes towards the memorial. Two letters lie before me, one from Massachusetts and the other from New York; one pledges $1,000 to the Temple, the other $500. This surely is auspicious for the opening of the new year. There are thousands among our white-ribboners that could subscribe equally large sums to insure to us the ownership of the Temple if they only would. Will they not send along their names and pledges? We must raise at least $300,000 for the Temple this year. So many have written urging us to renew the offer made last year of giving a Temple souvenir silver teaspoon to all persons who fill a mite-box during 1895 that we have de- cided to do so. The limit is January 1, 1896. This offer will not hold good to those who have taken the boxes out for 1894. We give them a month’s grace. The contents of all boxes ordered during the past year must be returned to us by February 1st, if persons holding them desire to secure a souvenir spoon, after that date the offer will be void. There are still over two thousand boxes out for 1894. Will our friends kindly try to get their contents to us by the first of the month; by so doing they will greatly aid the Temple and secure for themselves the beautiful spoon, which is so greatly adrtiirod and of which Mrs. D. L. Mukle- man, Hannibal, O., says, “I think it very beautiful, it more than repays me for tho sacrifices I made to fill my box.” Mrs. T. W. Alston, East Orange, N. J., writes, “We con- sider the Temple spoon a great addition to our collec- tion.” In next week’s paper we will tell our friends, old and young, who have no money of their own to give, how they can help the Temple and at the same time secure for themselves a nice gift. *** Mrs. Emma C. Bascom, wife of Professor Bascom, Wil- liams College, Mass., writes: “Please find enclosed a check for $4. I shall receive the souvenir teaspoon with pleas- ure and thanks. It is always a grief to me that I can have only so small a share in this great monumental work of woman’s faith and devotion. Untold blessings to hu- manity will yet evolve from the Temple.” An aged saint, Mrs. Charlotte F. Woodman, Cambridge, Mass., is over eighty years old. She is crippled frOm a broken hip, shoulder and wrists; added to all this, failing eyesight and hearing. Yet with ail these disabilities this good woman has written a long and sympathetic letter enclosing $15, and a pledge for something far greater. What a blessed thing it is that tho soul can soar above the weakness of the body, forget self and hold out a helping hand to aid in bringing the world nearer the loving heart of Christ. Miss Mary C. Douglass, East Hamilton, N. Y., sends a check for $100 to place the name of her loved and honored mother, Mrs. Abigail Douglass, on the New York tablet in Willard Hall. She pledged her sister on her deathbed to send the said amount for the above purpose during the month of December, 1894. Miss Douglass also pledges to place her sister’s name there also. “I do want to contrib- ute my widow’s mite.” writes Mrs. M. H. Avery, Le Roy, Minn., “towards our House Beautiful, where souls are be- ing saved from sin and gathered into the fold of Christ. I have resolved to send out of my very small income the required amount to obtain one of the Temple souvenir spoons and herewith enclose $3.65.” *** Mr. William D. Preston has severed his connection with the Metropolitan National Bank and has gone to Michi- gan to live, consequently the Temple Trustees have had to elect another treasurer. They have appointed Mr. G. B. Shaw, president of the American Trust and Savings Bank of Chicago, who assumed the office January 1. All •hecks in future should be made out in his name and sent to MissSara G. Johnson, Room 1113, the Temple. *** All persons sending $1 to the Temple will receive the beautiful Columbian souvenir. Any individual who sends the contents of a mite-box, amounting to $3.65, by Feb- ruary 1, 1895, will receive a solid silver Temple souvenir teaspoon. This, however, does not apply to persons fill- ing boxes for unions; they receive the Columbian souvenir. *** All persons wishing to fill a mite-box during 1895 for the purpose of securing a spoon, should send their name and address to Miss Johnson. If any have boxes and would prefer to use them, simply send the and ad- dress, that they may be properly recorded. 6 (22) CALLING THE ANGELS IN, We mean to do it. Some day, some day, We mean to slacken this fevered rush That is wearing our very souls away, And grant to our goaded hearts a hush That is holy enough to let them hear The footsteps of angels drawing near. We mean to do it. Oh, never doubt, When the burden of daytime broil is o’er We’ll sit and muse, while the stars come out, As the patriarch sat at the open door Of his tent, with a heavenward gazing eye, To watch for the angels passing by. We've seen them afar at high noontide, When fiercely the world’s hot flashings beat, Yet never have bidden them turn aside And tarry awhile in converse sweet, Nor prayed them to hallow the cheer we spread, To drink of our wine and break our bread. We promised our hearts that when the stress Of the life-work reaches the longed for close — When the weight that we groan with hinders less, We’ll loosen our thoughts to such repose As banishes care’s disturbing din,J And then — we’ll call the angels in. The day that we dreamed of comes at length, When, tired of every mocking quest, And broken in spirit and shorn in strength, We drop, indeed, at the door of rest, And wait and watch as the day wanes on — But the angels we meant to call are gone. — Selected. MRS. BLAKE’S W. C. T. U. TEA. BY FLORENCE HIGGIN80N. “I’m tired to death of these card parties. Here we’ve played once a week all wiuter, and what has it .availed?” So said Mrs. Blake as she saT down in an easy chair before the grate without removing her wraps. “Well, Gertrude,” answered her husband, sleepily, “do you know the hour? Suppose we retire, and you take to- morrow to ‘turn your searchlight’ upon your winter’s card playing.” Mr. Blake had a playful way of calling his wife’s serious moods “turning the searchlight,” for she had always been 60 gay of spirits that he did not quite understand the more thoughtful manifestations in her character. Noth- ing in life had hitherto seemed very grave to her. At the breakfast table the next morning Mr. Blake re- ferred to the remarks made by his wife the night before. “So you’re tired of cards. What will the club do with- out us?” “There are only two more meetings; we will attend those, but after this I am going to do something else. Mrs. Thornton was here a few days ago and asked me to join the W. C. T. U. She told me of the good work they were doing, but how much they needed earnest and intelli- gent women to help. I have decided that there is much more in the world to live for than just society friends.” • Mr. Blake had never given much thought to the W. C. T. U., and was rather surprised to hear his wife talk in this way, but he only said as he kissed her good-by, “Very well, dear, just as you say.” The truth was Mr. Blake was much more interested in his business than he was in social life, but had always attended with pleasure anything that his wife suggested. He was the president of the largest bank in a prosperous young city of Kansas, 'and was filled with the push and enterprise that characterizes young business men of the West. Mrs. Blake watched her husband down the walk, went slowly back, and took the same comfortable chair she had thrown herself into the night before upon her return from the card party. She was thinking of a family of whom Mrs. Thornton had been telling her. The husband had died of strong drink. The oldest son, a youug man of twenty, was % following in his father’s footsteps, and the mother, almost broken-hearted, had hardly the courage to go on with the battle of life. She was poor as such moth- ers are, but had told Mrs. Thornton if she could only raise money by selling her furniture she would take her family to her own home in the east, where she would be among old friends. There her boy would be surrounded by new influence s which she hoped would win him away from the downward path he was now following. THE UNION SIGNAL. This tale of trouble had awakened serious thoughts in Mrs. Blake’s mind. After 'a time she went over to Mrs. Thornton’s. They had an earnest talk and before the younger woman left, she had formulated a plan. She would give a W. C. T. U. tea. The following day she sent out her cards, bearing the words: Mrs. Thomas Blake. At home . Thursday afternoon , W. C. T. U. Tea , 5 to 11. Her tea was a success socially and financially, for her friends were so taken by surprise at this new departure that they flocked to her home to see her in the new role of patroness of the W. C. T. U. The mother was sent home to her eastern friends and a small balance left in the treasury. The local union received a new impetus. In course o* time, Mrs. Blake became its president. So much for one woman who responded to an earnest word and the promptings of a still, small voice, urging her on to a more noble and useful life. Chicago , III. TOBACCO: RIGHTS OF NON-USERS. BY WM. A. ^IO CLEAN. Liberty is a much abused word. It is the cloak under which license and lawlessness stalk about upon the earth. “Is not this a free country? Cannot one do as he please?” is the query of man a6 he treads upon the toes of many of his fellows, “enjoying life,” as he calls it. What then is liberty? Surely such freedom of action as harms no other individual. The tobacco habit is. a national and — masculine one. It is expensive, and often enjoyed at the expense of wife, children and other dependents. It is a dirty habit, as ninety-nine out of a hundred users will concede. Ask, argue, advise that it be conquered for such reasons, and what reply will be received? Either a laugh, or that the user is old enough to judge for himself and knows what he is doing; that he enjoys it and it is nobody’s business. Anger often supplies an answer that reason cannot give. Non-users should ever insist in every legitimate way, and upon all appropriate occasions for their rights. At the very outstart certain concessions will be granted to the smoker or chewer: The right to expend as much money on tobacco as he wishes, so that the expense is not at cost of wife, children, creditors and other dependents; the privilege of making himself as filthy as he desires, so he does not intrude his foulness on others; also the liberty to waste time and paint the inner man with a coat of nicotine. While all this is conceded, it is done with the limitation that this right, privilege or liberty of the in- dividual must be so exercised as not to interfere with the rights and freedom of any -other individual. Does any one doubt that smokiug in public interferes with the freedom of others? The streets, stores, public buildings and conveyances are for the use of the entire population, no one portion of which has a better right to them than another. One-half of the adult population are women, who are non-users; a portion of the male population are non-users; children are non-users. To the great mass of these the odor of tobacco is an assault upon their sense of smell, a sickening, loathsome nuisance; to many it is injurious. The non-user goes into public places aware of her or his equal right to the free fresh air of heaven with all other creatures, but that air which is her or his birthright is tobacco tainted, even to being poisonous. Knock the cigar from a smoker’s mouth and he is as- saulted, and may call law to avenge his insult. A whiff of tobacco from the mouth of that same smoker in the face of a non-user is a more grievous assault but passes without comment or redress. Of all comparisons and dis- tinctions the legal are often the most absurd. Slaughter- ing houses and phosphate warehouses are removed as nuisances, by mandate of law, far from crowded habita- tions; but the same crowded populations that are relieved from such odors must endure the nuisance of all grades of cigars, obuoxious pipes and vile cigarettes, to say nothing of befouled streets. For a man to go along the street recklessly puffing and blowing great clouds of smoke over his shoulder into the faces of other persons having an equal right with him to the public thoroughfares, is clear lawlessness. Such an one is without any conception of respect for the rights of humanity. The “liberty” of the tobacco user is lawless- ness which no custom, precedent or long-suffering can make right and just. If the rights of non-users were respected, it would not be necessary for a woman to ask as a favor that a man throw away his cigar in a street-car or in a closed omni- bus where one man has been known to torture half a dozen women. Let users be taught the lesson of respect for the rights of fellow members of society. It may be a slow educa- tion, but it is surely possible of accomplishment, for most men wish to be just. January 10, 1895. As the user is learning the lesson of the rights of non- users he will possibly continue to smoke, but it would be in private, on his own premises. To avoid trampling upon the rights and freedom of wife and children to equally enjoy the home, the husband would relegate the cigar to the yard, or a well ventilated apartment at the top of the house. If the user can ever reach this point, there is hope for him. The present concern should be to educate as to the freedom of the individual to inhale air pure and life-giv- ing as heaven bestows it. This is right and just. Gettysburg , Pa. THE BANQUET BOARD. BY 8. J. UNDERWOOD. Eating belongs undoubtedly to the animal part of our nature, but the manner of eating reveals the degree of re- finement. The Germans employ two verbs to express the taking of food, one for man and one for beast, and at any table where there still lingers the idea of feeding, there also lingers that which tends to debase; so it seems evi- dent that to keep a boarding-house must be a demoraliz- ing employment, where one on a mere mercenary basis constantly ministers to the lower life. May it not be then, because the table marks the triumph of civilization, the evolution of delicacy from grossness, ‘as well as because it promotes sociability, that the ban- quet occupies the high place of honor in the domain of hospitality? At the ideal banquet there is eating, of course, but it is wholly subordinate; the pleasures of sense are but the substructure hidden by the pleasures of mind and soul; one is expected not only to be delighted but to be delight- ful. He must bring to the feast his best and brightest. Here poetry and eloquence twine their garlands, grace and grandeur clasp hands and wit menaces wisdom with flash- ing sword. To be bidden to such a board is not the lot of all. But there might be a daily banquet spread in every house more inspiring than even these where the gods do assem- ble. There are many whose life like that of Mr. Manta- lini, is one “horrid grind”; many, who though striving bravely to keep step, miss “The music of the march of life.” Even in houses where there is gentle breeding and no- ble aspiration, the evening meal is often little more than a necessary operation that must be completed as speedily as possible. The he^d of the house looks over his mail or dips into the newspaper; the mother is removing with imaginary fingers the soiled dishes that the may get back to her sewing-machine; the children hasten through the meal, impatient to clasp again doll or ball; the youth is in a hurry to join his companions. If this daily meeting could be made a joyful reunion, an intellectual stimulus, it would be a “brook by the way” that would make many a weary wife and mother lift up her head and walk onward with glad feet. The first step in the inauguration of the banquet would be the absence of haste. It must be an event sufficient to hold its own among crowding circumstances. It must be planned for. Each member of the family must contrib- ute a share of the mental repast; the father can find something of interest in his business day, the mother in hers, even if it be nothing more than a whimsical account of some domestic convulsion; the children can bring in pictures of glowing life from school and street and tennis court. The very fact that something is expected will render eyes keen and minds observant and add a zest to existence. Simple programs might be made out; a char- acter given for discussion, or a new poem or invention; politics, reforms, religion might all find room. Fun, non- sense even, should have a large place, it will prove alluring to the younger members of the family and enliven the older and graver. Especially should the atmosphere be warm with appreciation and good fellowship. Elegant napery and transparent ohina are beyond the reach of all, but there may be an influence more refining than outward beauty and luxury. The food may be plain, but it can be seasoned with Attic salt. “Let each guest bring himself, and he brings the best dish.” A man cannot bring about such a repast, neither can a woman, even though she be one of those wonderful crea- tures who always greet their husbands with a smile; but together a man and woman can compass it. It will be the oasis, living and green, which shall cheer the traveler in his daily march through the dqsert; it will draw still tighter the cords of affection; it will give home a new attraction, and furnish many an hour which will be radi- 'ant in memory in the days when death shall have broken in on the family group, and time scattered it far and wide. Syracuse, N. Y. “We ought to have our conscience so trained that it will trouble us at night when we have failed that day to read or pray.” January 10, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (23) 7 THE FATHER’S LESSON. A little lad sat in his own high chair, Blue were his eyes and golden his hair; But the sunny smile had flown from his face, And an ugly frown had taken its place. The table was laden with dainty food, But nothing could tempt his naughty mood; His tumbler sparkled with water clear, While that of his father was filled with beer. There lay tho grievance; and soon he said (With a saucy toss of his curly head:) “I mean to grow up as fast as I can, And I’ll always drink beer when I’m a man!” But the mother’s cheek grew blanched with fear, And she glanced from her boy to the glass of beer; Till now it had only a beverage been, But her eyes were opened, and lurking within She saw germs of folly and crime. Rapidly swelling 'neath the touch of time; Hiding all trace of a once good name, Reveling in a drunkard’s shame. She glanced at her husband; his face was sad, The willful words of his little lad Had reached his heart; and he stopped to think: “O God! am 1 tempting my boy to drink? “In me it awakens no craving for more, And stronger spirits I loathe and abhor; But my son may be tempted though I be strong, And through my example he may go wrong. “Please God, he shall never be able to say — 0 ‘I began to love it when, day by day, I saw my father his tumbler fill, And knew that in him it worked no ill.’” Then, meeting the anxious gaze of his wife, “Will you join,” said he, “in a pledge for life, For the sake of our child, and because it is right To shield his life from drink’s curse and blight?” So the pledge was signed; and that lurking fear Vanished for aye with the glass of beer. And the boy grew up to make them blest, And took for his motto, “water is best.” —K. E. C. GYPSIE LIN NETT. BY ADA M. MELVILLE. , ( Concluded .) Just about noon on the third day, we boys went out into the shed where mother couldn’t hear us talk. I knew she yould be sick again unless I could get something for her to eat, so I said I’d steal bread or meat, if I couldn’t get it any other way. Mother had always said it was wrong to lie and steal, and when I told Tim my scheme, the little chap cried, and said he wished we were all dead — he “didn’t want to steal and he didn’t want mother to starve.” Neither did I, but I was sure God would rather have me steal than have us die for want of bread. We went back into the house, and do you know, we were ashamed to look at each other, and ashamed to have our mother look at us. The sun was shining on Gypsie’s cage as I went in, and I thought he looked at me as if he were saying, “Shame, little boys, shame!” Just then he commenced to sing, the first time since he had been in our house. I sat down to listen. It was such a happy song. Mother turned her head on the pil- low to hear it. He sang as if he was so glad he couldn’t help it, and the notes tumbled over each other in his hurry. Somehow I began to think of the time when I was a real little fellow, and Tim was a baby. You see, we had a canary bird then, and his cage used to hang just where Gypsie’s hung. I remembered how pretty the room was then. There were mother’s plants in the win- dow, and pretty white curtains. But plants and curtains were gone, and father had sold all the nice things for drink. Then when Gypsie changed his loud song to a low twitter, I remembered how mother used to take me on her knee every night and hear me say, “Now I lay me,” and “Our Father.” I had almost forgotten them. Gypsie took a seed in his bill with a low tweet! cheep! just the way Dickie did at night before he put his head under his wing. I tried to say the prayer over. “Our Father who art in heaven.” “If He is our Father why does He let mother and us boys” — cheep, cheep, t-r-r-rrrl Chipper, sweet!” It seemed wicked to think that way when Gyp- sie was singing so sweetly. “Give us this day our daily bread,” was tho next piece I remembered. “Tweet! Cheep! Swe-e-e-t!” and then Gypsie commenced to sing again ^is if his bit of a throat would burst. I listened a minute more, and then all the wicked thoughts went right away. I wonder how? “Come here, Tim,” I said. “I guess we won’t go steal. Maybe some one will send us something to eat. Perhaps father has found work. Don’t cry, little chap! Gyp isn’t afraid of starving and we won’t be — yet awhile.” I went over to mother and kissed her. We had all for- gotten how to be nice to each other for a long time, and when I did that, mother put her arms around me. Then Tim came, and we three cried a little bit, while Gypsie twittered low as if he could understand and was sorry for us. We got warmer lying cuddled close together and felt a little bit better. After awhile the door opened, and father came in. We knew by the look on his face that he was not drunk; we almost hoped he would be, because then he was not so cruel to us. Just as he got into the middle of the room Gypsie broke out singing harder than ever. Father cursed and swore, but the spunky little fellow puffed out his feathers, put his head on one side and sang away. “William, don’t you remember our old Dickie?” said mother. Nearly always when father came home sober so he could understand mother would scold him hard about things. Then he would go out and drink more. But this time her voice sounded ever so pleasant, and father sat down without saying a word. “ Twee-e-e-t ! Twitter!' Swee-e-t! Trrrr /” and off went that Gypsie again swinging on his perch and twisting his head about as if he were wild with joy. Father turned round so quick he scared me. “Here, Bill,” he said, “go and get a loaf of bread, and some meat. Guess there’s enough money there for something else. Have you had any tea this morning, Maggie?” Poor mother could not speak. She hid her face in Tim’s curls. I wasn’t afraid any more, but went away fast enough to buy the things. When I came back, mother was sitting up with Tim on her lap, the fire was lighted (I guess father had to break up an old chair for wood), Gypsie was singing harder than ever, and pretty soon we all sat down to a real good dinner. From that day we had better and better times. I never quite understood it, but I do believe God made Reenie’s bird help in some way, don’t you? At any rate we all love him, and will neither starve, give away nor sell our little Gypsie Linnett. Chicago , III. USEFUL FACTS TO KNOW. To light a candle, hold the match to the side of the wick, and not to the top. Remember that flame always travels upward. Do not meddle with fire. But, if by any accident your clothing catches fire, try to have enough presence of mind to throw yourself on the ground, instead of allowing the flame to travel upward to your face and head. But few lives would be lost by fire, if this direction could be re- membered and carried out. — Selected. SOFT-SHELLED NUTS. 374. 9 DIAMOND. 1. A consonant. 2. Not old. 3. A precious stone. 4. A grand old man. 5. Sorrowfully. 6. The present time. 7. A consonant. The centers down and across, a grand temperance worker. Mabel Dorothy. 375. pi. “Os ighn si nardugre ot ruo sudt, Os aren si odg ot anm. Newh udyt hwsieprs olw, tuoh smut, Hte oytuh preiles, ‘I nac.’ ” Alice Brookings. 376. CHARADE. My first is a color. My second is a vowel. My third is not high. My whole is the name of a large city. Edith M. Thornton. Send all replies and original puzzles to Puzzle Editor, The Union Signal, The Temple, Chicago, 111. ANSWERS TO PUZZLES PUBLISHED DECEMBER 20. 366. Time, hear, chime, near; wall, gay, all, day; wild, day, child, lay; take, sad, make, glad. 367. A merry heart maketh a continual feast. 368. c h e r u b Host e l R e s c u E ideal s s e r i e s t h o m o i m u 1 1 e N Ago in o sense s Correct answers: Genevieve C. Williams. Dear Boys and Girls: — One of the leading pastors in New York recently told the following interesting incident: “So long as you have to stop and think to do right, you are very imperfectly educated. Two boys were going up the stairs of a Cincinnati factory; there was a pail of naphtha on the lauding. One boy threw his lighted cig- arette into the pail, thinking it water; there was a flash of upleaping flame. One of the boys ran down the stairs into the street to escape; the other boy ran up the stairs to warn women who were working there that they might escape. Neither boy thought; each boy acted instincl- ivelyj one boy was a coward in his sub-conscious life, the other boy was a hero in his sub-conscious life, and neither of them knew it. We are not what we try to be, we are not what we think we are; we are what we are down below the line of our thought, below our conscious life- purpose.” Do you understand what the preacher meant, dear Cozy Cornerers? “We are what we are down below the liue »»f our thought, below our conscious life-purpose.” It’s very simple after all — it’s character. There is not one of you who would not rather have been in the place of the heroic boy — the one who saved others’ lives — than to have cow- ardly ran away. Each day of this new year will bring an opportunity for you to build upon your foundation character. Thoughtful acts, kindness, self-control, obedience to God’s commands just a little day by day uutil without knowing it you have built your house upon a rock and have be- come a real Christian hero. Affectionately your NEPHEWS AND NIECES. I have often thought I would write to you. I will be thirteen years old Christmas. My papa is a Prohibition- ist and mamma is a white-ribboner. I have one brother and two sisters. My brother and I have never tasted cider and we never expect to use tobacco. We expect to vote for Prohibition if we live to vote. We live on a fruit farm about sixty miles from New York. I would like to receive a letter from some of the nephews of the Cozy Corner. Will you please let me join the Cozy Corner? Merry Christmas and Happy New Year to all. Your new friend, Harry Albertson. Hope, N. J. Nephews, attention! Give this new cousin a cheery welcome and many a letter of greeting from Cozy Cor- nerers. I would like to belong to your Cozy Corner. Papa is n Prohibitionist and mamma belongs to the W. C. T. U. There are quite a number of saloons here, I am sorry to pay. I am ten years old. I have one sister and two brothers. For a pet I have a cat. Your friend, Ethel Moork. Huntington , Ind. I know yours must be a temperance cat, so we invite him into Cozy Corner, too. I hope women can vote when I get big enough. I am nine years old. This is my first letter to you. I live with my grandma and she takes The Union Signal. I like to read the Cozy Corner. Dot Burnett. Delaware , O. There’s no doubt but what you’ll have your wish, little niece; and what will you do with the ballot? I wrote a letter to Neal Dow on his ninetieth birthday and received a letter in return. I hope I will be like Frances E. Willard when I grow up. Mamma takes The Union Signal and I love to read it. My brother and sis- ter are both temperance. My kitten’s name is Toots. I am nine years old. Hallie Lund. Medina , N. Y. Perhaps you may not De a Frances Willard when you grow up, but you cau be that kind of a woman. It always makes me very happy to receive a letter from a Cozy Cor- nerer who wants to be like our president when she grows »P- Please let me be one of your little nieces. I am a little temperance girl five years old. I have a little brother three years old. I hope he will grow up and be a Prohi- bitionist like my papa. My mamma belongs to the W. C. T. U. and reads The Union Signal. Ethel Harlan Spencer. Chrome Hill , Hartford county , Md. Of course your brother will be a “home protector” with such good surroundings. I hope to enroll his name iu Cozy Corner too, before long. 8 (24) THE UNION SIGNAL. January 10, 1895. Organ of the World's and National Woman'* Christian Temperance Union EDITOR-IN-CHIEF— Frances E. Willard. CORRESPONDING EDITOR— Laoy Henry Somerset. MANAGING EDITOR— Margaret A. Sudduth. ASSOCIATE EDITOR— Jennie A. Stewart. CONTRIBUTING EDITOR- Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson. Published by the Woman’s Temperance Publishing Association. Mrs. Caroline F. Grow, Business Manager. The Temple, Cor. Monroe and La Salle Streets, Chicago, III. Entered at the Post-office, Chicago, 111., as second-class matter. BOARD OF DIRECTORS. • * Mrs. Matilda B. Carse. President. Mrs. L. A. Hagans, Treasurer. Miss Frances E. Willard. Evanston , 111. Lady Henry Somerset, London* Eng. Mrs. Hannah J. Bailey, Winlhrop Center , Me. Mrs. Mary T. Lathrap, Jackson , Mich. Mrs. Helen M. barker, Chicago. Mme. Louise Demorest, New York City. Mrs. L. H. Plumb, Streator , III. Mrs. e. b. Ingalls, St. Louis. Mo. OFFICERS OF THE NATIONAL W. C. T. U. President.— Miss Francks E. Willard, Evanston, 111. Vice- President-at- Large.— Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens, Portland, Me. Corresponding Secreraiy.— Mrs. Katharine Lente Stevenson, The Temple, Chicago. Recording Sect etary.— Mrs. Clara C. Hoefman, Kansas City, Mo. Assistant Recording Secretary.— Mbs. F. E. Beauchamp, Lexington, Ky. Treasurer.— Mrs. Helen M. Barker, Office: The Temple, Chicago, III. CONTENTS OF THIS NUMBER. Since Our Last Issue and Editorial Paragraphs v The Business Outlook Contributed: Poem, Hope. By Jennie Christian A Debt of Honor. By Lady Henry Somerset The Fraternity of Reforms. II. By Rev. Wilbur F. Crafts Women in Practical Politics. By Mrs. C. B. Hopkins.. The “Sunken Road” and the Bridge Intended to Span It. By Josiah W. Leeds “When Doctors Disagree.”, II. By Kate C. Bushnell, M. D........ ; Correspondence : The Polyglot Petition Local Union Temperance Temple Items The Household: Poem, Calling the Angels In Mrs. Blake’s W. C. T. U. Tea. By Florence Higginson Tobacco: Rights of Non-Users. By Win. A. McClean... The Banquet Board. By S. J. Underwood Our Children: ' Poem, The Father’s Lesson Gypsie Linnett. By Ada M. Melville Soft-Shelled Nuts Aunt Jane’s CoZv Corner .. Editorial articles: Our Unanimity on the Suffrage Question Our Fallacy The Life of Frances Power Cobbe The Watch Tower World’s W. C. T. U. : Miss Jessie Ackennann— Mrs. E. W. Nicholls— Austra- lasian W. C. T. U World’s Wave Crests News from the Field: Illinois Official Communications: Parlor Meetings News in a Nutshell Corresponding Secretary's Notes Treasurer’s Corner National Temperance Hospital Temple Receipts , Publisher’s Department ’ Our Library Table Signal Notes 1 2 2 4 4 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 10, II 11 11 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 16 For I have given you an example, tlia't ye should do as I have done to you.— John 13: 15. OUR UNANIMITY ON THE SUFFRAGE QUESTION. How comes this unanimity? The same authority which declares us a suffrage society says that we have simply “frozen out” the suffragists. The basis of truth underlying this statement is that at one time seventeen women left our ranks avowedly because of our suffrage views. Probably seventeen more have dropped out for the same reason without avowing their reason, and perhaps seventeen refuse to join for the same reason, but, after all is said, there are at least 150,000 of us. Enough, indeed, to create an iceberg sufficient to do considerable “freezing.” But the very large question remains, What made these 150,000 women, whom the suffrage associations had never been able to reach, woman suffragists? The answer is, They have come to demand the ballot for the sake of their homes and their dear ones, as a mother who stood between her helpless little ones and a hungry wolf might call for a gun. If any one doubts this, let him read the history of our leading women, and question the more unknown workers in the ranks. A few examples here will serve as illustrations of all. Very early in the history of the W. C. T. U., Mrs. Hibben, a Presbyterian lady of the most conservative views on the woman question, accompanied Miss Willard, who was not at that time herself an avowed suffragist, to the Illinois legislature, to work for the passage of a temperance law. Their chief work .was in personally persuading individual legislators to support the bill. One and all replied in so many words, “I can’t stand by you for yon can’t stand by ine; you have no vote.” Mrs. Zerelda Wallace, our great apostle of suffrage, was converted in the same way. She went on a similar errand to the legislature of her state, Ohio. She sat in the House and listened while one member after another gave his reasons for voting to re- peal the bill which the mothers of the Btate were entreat- ing them to support. At last the representative from Mrs. Wallace’s own county arose and said: “We are not here to vote our own views, but those of onr constituency. My constituency wants license, and I shall vote for license.” Instantly there sprang up in her mind the question, “Why am not I one of the constituency which Marion county’s representative must vote to please?” The longer she has thought about it the less has she been able to answer the question. Such has been the uniform experience of onr women. Almost without exception they entered the ranks of the W. C. T. U. non-suffragists, and have become suffragists convinced by the logic of events. When Miss Willard made her first speech for suffrage in a National conven- tion, she did it in the face of the almost tearful protest of her friends, and when she had closed the presiding officer arose and said: “I wish it distinctly understood that the speaker represents herself, and not the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union.” As they were leaving the hall she whispered to Miss Willard, “You might have been a chief, but you have deliberately chosen to be nothing but a scout.” Four years later Frances Willard was elected President of the National W. C. T. U., and has held her position ever since, elected almost unanimously every year. Nor is the experience of temperance women exceptional. Women who enter upon reform work of any kind become as a rule suffragists very soon and for the same reason. The questions of the day are all moral questions, and every one of them is in politics. Onr defeats have proved to us that there is only one weapon which can avail. We have tried the “womanly” method of persuasion. There is nothing about persuasion that we do not know. And one conclusion has been slowly but surely forced upon ns, that the talk about “womanly influence” along political lines is the merest namby-pamby nonsense. The uniform reply of legislatures, courts, municipal authorities and political parties to our petitions has been, “You can’t vote, ladies, you can’t vote.” In Nebraska, when mothers, wi V68 and sisters were using all of their magic “womanly influence” to persuade the Voters of the land to prohibit the liquor traffic, Christian men voted for license, and hundreds of Italians, who had been imported to work upon a railroad, who could not even speak the English language, were naturalized (?) and voted in the interests of the liquor traffic, while the women stood by voiceless and voteless. These things have been done again and again. Moreover, since we came out from onr homes we have learned how men have “represented” us. We have found that we had been despoiled of our property, that we had not even a part interest in our own children; that the shame- ful laws concerning the “age of consent” left our daughters when mere children at the mercy of vile wretches, and from agonized mother hearts has gone up the cry, “Broth- ers, we don’t want to be represented that way, and we won’t be represented that way. With God’s help we are going to get the ballot for ourselves.” Yet, according to our own showing, we have accomplished something with onr petitions. Yes, when after untold expenditure of labor, time and money, we have succeeded in getting the petition presented and backed by voters. But, brothers* we ate tired of this laborious, roundabout way. We are convinced that from every point of view it would be better that we vote ourselves. The women of the land could never be induced to work for their own emancipation merely. Even if they had sought the ballot for this purpose alone they would not have been self-seekers of a worse character than were their patriot fathers of 1776; but now, by a very large majority, they are asking the ballot for the sake of “God and Home and Native Land.” OUR “FALLACY.” In an article entitled “A Fallacy of the W. C. T. U.,” a contributor to the American Journal of Politics , a Mrs. Ella Winston, points out the grave mistake onr organiza- tion is making in demanding the ballot as a weapon of power, and, further, undertakes to show why it has accom- plished so little for the cause of temperance! Naturally the readers of The Union Signal will ask, who is Mrs. Winston? We must confess she “has the ad- vantage,” for while she knows, or believes she knows, the W. C. T. U., the W. C. T. U. cannot claim the honor [of acquaintance with the lady who feels “called” to Bhow up our faults. But the article iu question gives evidence that the writer is hardly as familiar with the character and purpose of our organization as one assuming the role of critic should be. She knows the letter of its constitution bat has not grasped its spirit. She does not interpret those words in its preamble, “the suppression of intemperance,” as white- ribboners interpret them. In its twenty-one years of existence the W. C. T. U. has learned that intemperance never can be suppressed until the drink traffic itself is abolished, hence, intem- perance and the liquor traffic are, from the standpoint of a white-ribboner, synonymous terms. Mrs. Winston evidently regards the W. C. T. U. as wofnlly lacking, not only in logic but also in common sense because it is not discouraged by its “record of fail- ure.” Perhaps if her article had been written after in- stead of before the twenty-first National Convention, she would have had less to say about causes for discourage- ment, especially if she had read and digested those twen- ty-seven paragraphs of Miss Willard’s address, beginning with the significant words, “Since we were here.” What- ever of criticism may apply to the work of the W. C. T. U., none but the most superficial thinker will pronounce it a “failure.” i Woman’s ballot, in the opinion of Mrs. Winston, will not “assure the world’s redemption from drunkenness,” and in support of this opinion she points to Wyoming where for some “unexplained reason” the purifying proc- ess has not taken place. Surely a woman who writes for a political journal must be “posted” on the situation in Wyoming, and knowing that there are in that state nine- teen men to one woman, a person of ordinary intelligence can easily understand why reforms progress slowly. Colorado, too, is viewed with a pessimistic eye. There, we are told, “the Germans are organizing to offset the vote of the W. C. T. U. by German women, who will vote according to the wishes of their male relatives.” It is to be regretted that Mrs. Winston did not wait until after election before submitting her views to a widely read magazine, for then she might have drawn upon fact instead of fancy in the preparation of her article. For it is a fact most encouraging to the W. C. T. U. in its efforts for woman’s enfranchisement that the Prohibition party vote in Colorado increased from 1,700 to over 7,000, or more than 300 per cent. “The world has greater need of wise mothers than it has of any sort of voters,” says onr critic. Just how the ballot in woman’s hands is going to hinder the world from having wise mothers she does not make clear. A peculiar fallacy of Mrs. Winston seems to be that the ereroise of the rights of citizenship is antagonistic to the proper mothering of the individual home. “The remedy for the sin and misery of the world,” she says, “lies not in the ballot box but in individual effort.” As if the two were necessarily distinct! It is the fault of mothers, she declares, that there are “sinful legislators” who license the liquor traffic, and if “the average man and woman had possessed a mother like Miss Willard’s there would be no need for the latter to spend her life trying to raise the fallen.” While empha- sizing the influence of this “noble mother” . in holding her children to the right so that “her home needed no outside protection,” she omits mention of the influence of the noble father. In fact fathers, with Mrs. Winston, “don’t count.” She draws an appalling picture of wom- an’s “burden of power,” and represents men as charac- terless, irresponsible sort of beings whose faults are all due to the improper training they received from their mothers. We can but wonder in what remote regions of the mental cosmos Mrs. Winston’s subliminal conscious- ness has been wandering that she has evolved such a novel ideal of man. Of the two we infinitely prefer the old- time “tyrant.” Because the saloon has many patrons from W. C. T. U. homes, our critic concludes that “the mothers in such homes have been so engrossed with the welfare of the na- tion that they had no time for work with their own sons.” But why ignore the fact that many more patrons of the saloon are sons who have not been reared in W. C. T. U. homes? That very many are sons of mothers who spend a great deal of their time “protesting” by voice and by pen against woman’s ballot? That very many are re- cruited from churches whose pastors are too busy count- ing “additions” to their membership to work or vote for the closing of those gates of hell open on every hand, lur- ing their flock to destruction? The W. 0. T. U. demands the ballot as a means to an end. Dr. Parkhurst says that “the wicked flee when no man pursueth, but they make better time when somebody is after them.” We would add they make the best time when the pursuers, men and women, bear in their hands that insignia of power, the ballot. All mothers are not yet wise enough to so train their sons and daughters that they will not gravitate toward evil, bnt we believe that a majority of mothers in this day are wise enough — made so largely through the work of temperance organiza- tions— to understand the dangers of the saloon and to vote it out of existence when they have the opportunity. January 10, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL (26) 3 THE LIFE OF FRANCES POWER COBBE. Changes are so rapid and varied in these strange days that we take them “by leaps and bounds” without suffi- cient timo to realize their real significance. A remark- able illustration of this statement is furnished by the autobiography of Miss Frances Power Cobbe, the English philanthropist. Here is a spinster, seventy-five years old, who avers that her life has been so happy that if the opportunity were placed before her she would gladly live it over again. Contras^ with its “fullness of joy” the meager allotment of the average spinster in the olden time. She was house- less except as some friendly relative “gave her a home.” She was the butt of tittering ridicule among the young people. She was looked upon by the community at large as in some sense an object of charity, and by all women as “a warning.” Her one resource was to spin, not street yarn, but useful threads long drawn out, which helped her married rolatives in their unwearied industry, the cloth- ing of a family and supplying the bed and table linen for a household. She was a spinster because there was noth- ing else that she, could do but spin ; and yet colorless as was her life, and oftentimes her character, in the English speaking countries her position was queenly compared with that of the unmarried women in all other nations. In Italy one of the most endowed daughters of that land of sun and song said to me in accents melodiously sad, “I feel myself to be a patriot as much as my brother Roma- no, who fought with Garibaldi. I should love to live or die for Italy, but for such as I am there is no place; they are an excrescence, if not a monstrosity. In my country a woman must marry or find refuge in the cloister.” In countries farther east an unmarried woman is un- known. Her very presence would be considered a symp- tom of ill-luck. She must be attached to the harem of t some man or she would far better be dead. It is well known that the lifelong anxiety of parents is to dispose of their female children, and if they cannot make provis- ion for their marriage they are thrown into the Ganges in India or drowned in some pond or river of China. When we contrast the rich, ripe, mellow years of the great English spinster with any of the lives at which we have hinted in these opening words, we are better prepared to perceive what Christian civilization has done for woman- kind, for it remains true that even as a June day is traced upon the earth by sunshine, so Christianity is traced by a sunshiny lot for woman and child. Just in proportion as the precepts of the Master are cherished and lived up to in any nation does the condi- tion of woman become at first ameliorated and at last glorified. One reason of this is that wherever the gospel has been applied to custom and law the tendency is to- ward peace, and it is only under conditions of peace that women have come to their best. “Impedimenta to the rear” was the command of Csesar when the fighting be- gan. Women and children are always impedimenta at such a time in the estimate of soldiers, but an industrial age or country gives to the industrious sex the opportu- nity to come forth like a singing bird after a thunder- storm. In the life and character of Frances Power Cobbe, who was the chief woman comrade of Lord Shaftesbury in some of his great philanthropic undertakings, we have the very acme of what can be achieved by a woman who has not yet come to her own in the government of church or state, but has everything else that heart can wish, viz., a remarkably good physique; a richly endowed intellect; a desire for knowledge so insatiable that she has made her- self a classical scfiolar, a scientist and a theologian; the friendship of all the best men and women of her nation; the love of a few rare spirits who have been her comrade sisters all the way along; a satisfying work — one that en- nobled her own character and enriched humanity; and as age came on, a handsome legacy from a rich woman which not only left her above want, but gave her every comfort and the wherewithal with which to conduct the noble enterprises to which her noble powers have from the first been dedicated. No woman of her time has thought more deeply or with a greater earnestness and sincerity on the deepest prob- lems of human destiny than Frances Power Cobbe. She had a period of doubt and the stern view taken by her father of her religious difficulties caused him to bid her leave his house, and so alone and desolate she went out from her home and lived for awhile with her brother. After a long and most painful experience she came to a belief in immortality and in its indispensable corollary, the goodness of God, which she has now steadily held for forty years. While we can but regret that the com- forts of the evangelical faith have not been hers, and that she does not stand with us in our total abstinence princi- ples, we are glad and grateful to recognize the splendid work that she has wrought for the two cardinal doctrines of natural religion among a wide constituency to whom doubt is as natural as faith is to most people reared un- der Christian influences* l We white-ribbon women have learned to seek for the good in each and all and to recognize it fully, no matter how much we may differ concerning the principles and methods of the higher life for individual hearts and homes and for the nation. We believe that the true way in which to approach every person is by a recognition of good in him, which in many important particulars may far over- top our own, and by that very recognition to form a kindly tie which shall lead on through a better mutual under- standing to an attitude of mind that shall, to say the least of it, be no longer antagonistic, but shall induce language respectful and kindly from each toward the other. Lady Henry Somerset, in her recent admirable and extended review of Miss Cobbe’s book, published in her own paper, The Woman's Signal , has treated with her usual rare good sense one sentence in Miss Cobbe’s book, which we believe will be made milder in future editions as a token of good will toward her white-ribbon sisters. We cannot do better than to close this brief consideration of the two noble volumes comprising the life of Miss Cobbe by transfer- ring to our pages the closing paragraphs of the sketch by Lady Henry Somerset: But a phrase occurs in this delightful book to which we must take exception. Miss Cobbe writes that Lord Shaftesbury did not share “the very common bigotry of teetotalism.” We can but feel that this sentence expresses an idea of which we would have thought a woman of Miss Cobbe’s logical mind incapable. Every age has a particular call to the reformer and the philanthropist. The glaring evil that encountered Lord Shaftesbury was the fearful abuse of the factory system, the suffering of the children, the injustice manifested by employer to employed and the barbarity with which lunatics were treated in this country. He was not blind to the evils of intemperance, but he faced one difficulty at a time, and breasted the waves as a strong swimmer overcoming the forces that met him, and bat- tling manfully against the evil. It remained for another generation to see that the brain poison was at work de- teriorating the moral life of the nation. It is no exalta- tion to one philanthropist to say that because he has not faced all questions it proves that that reform unfaced is unnecessary; for we believe that had Lord Shaftesbury lived on into these days he would have undoubtedly sided with one of the greatest moral reforms of our time. So we come to the end of the book, having spent many bright hours in the company of a brave, kindly, affection- ate spirit. In these days of self-analysis and introspection it is indeed refreshing to find so cheery and wholesome a survey of life as this which Miss Cobbe has given to us. The book is an answer to the woman question — and the best answer possible. Ought any woman to have a career, be independent of friends and fortune, live a spinster’s life, and yet be free to make her influence broad and potent? Yes! a hundred times yes, answers Miss Cobbe, and none who have gone with her from the first chapter of the book to its last page will find in it a single reason for disagreeing with her conclusion. 9 In a recent number of the Banner of Gold, Dr. Leslie E. Keeley has an article on “Woman as a Reformer,” which is one of the most reasonable and practical that we have anywhere seen. Science and philosophy are brought to bear upon his argument. He believes in such a standard as would permit any woman to do anything in the home or society, in church or state, that she can do well. He takes the ground that women are born equal to men; that their mental action is more intense; that they are better morally than men; that their participation in the work of the world will elevate labor and capital, purify business and politics, cleanse not only the polls, but the streets; and that they are, indeed, in the very van of moral evo- lution. It would not become us to say that this is true, but we are glad that one who has an influence so wide and helpful as that of Dr. Keeley does not hesitate to take the advanced positions that we have indicated. What Dr. Keeley says concerning the rejected dogma of Rev. Wil- liam A. Hammond, is of special interest: “Dr. Wm. A. Hammond, in several publications, a few years ago, demonstrated the fact that the average brain weight of woman is considerably less than that of man. His conclusions relating to this exact difference make no difference in the problem, but he next went on to prove that the mental endowments of men were proportionate to brain weight, and his inference was that men and wom- en were alike dependent for mental abilities upon the respective avoirdupois qualities of their brains. This is the doctrine of absolutism, a long since rejected dogma of science. Dr. Hammond’s problem assumes but one factor in brain activity — that the functions and faculties of the brain are in definite ratio to brain weight, or braiu quantity. There are, however, in brain action, as in all other force, two faculties or functions, or two methods of activity. One of them is quantity, and the other is in- tensity. The force of electricity is measured by quantity, but is also measured by intensity. Some great quantities of force fail for want of intensity, and some forces of small quantity succeed because of their great intensity of action.” Dr. Keeley makes short work of the last argument left to the conservatives when he says: “Woman is all things but a soldier; but when her equality is sufficiently ex- tended there will be no more soldiers wanted.” On Duty is delighted to correct a statement in her col- umn of November 22. Rather more trusting than usual, she accepted as true a news item in the daily press to the effect that the Boston University had yielded the point of co-educational honors on the demand of the Harvard Uni- versity orators, and denied the right of a young lady con- testant to appear in the contest, carrying on the same without her. From the highest authority I learn that the Boston University boys held to the traditions of their re- nowned co-educational institution in a firm and honorable manner, and that, as a consequence the debate proposed by the Harvard society was* not held. Thus once again is the cause of equality and justice advanced and our esteem for this great institution of learning increasod. *** During a recent street-car blookade a woman was heard confiding her household cares to a neighbor. She said: “Yes; I keep a girl awhile so as to rest my body; then I go without her for awhile so as to rest my mind.” *** Miss Willard writes On Duty that on the last Sabbath of the old year she and Miss Gordon worshiped in Park Street Church, Boston, where eighteen years ago they met in Christian work. It is the church in which for the first time our national anthem “America” was sung, two gen- erations ago, by Sunday-school children on the Fourth of July, and probably more distinguished speakers have occupied its pulpit than that of almost any other church in Boston; for it is in the heart of the business portion of the city and on a great variety of occasions its audito- rium is placed at the disposal of those who work in great causes. Its present pastor is Rev. Isaac J. Lansing, whose wife is president of the Y unions of Boston, and was one of the original Crusaders. It wa6 refreshing to hear Mr. Lansing in his prayer offer a petition for “a blessing upon all heroes and reformers, upon all who work for human- ity in difficult and trying causes, upon all mothers and little children, upon all sick people and those who watch over them.” Ministers do not know how such prayers endear to them and to the cause of Christ the hearts of all who belong to any of these classes, so often forgotten in the public ministrations of the house of God. *** Some one quoted at a mother’s meeting from Phillips Brooks’ mother, who said: “There is an age when it is not well to question or follow your boy too closely. Up to that time you may carefully instruct and direct him and be his confidant in everything; then comes the time when he begins to merge into manhood, and when he grows reserved; this is the time to trust your boy and pray, and shortly he will be the same confidential son as in his childhood.” *** Wendell Phillips was wont to say to his friends, “Some of you will live to see the temperance question, the wom- an question, the labor question, the purity question all merged in one mighty movement of the people, massing itself in a political party that shall make for righteous- ness and save the nation from its sins.” *** The patron saint of this age is St. Vitus, and it is his dance that miserable millions are danoing with none to pay tho piper. *** The ever “feminine” was very much in evidence during the days immediately preceding Christmas, and in the office of the Rocky Mountain Daily News was watched with a fascinated interest. For, in the interests of “sweet char- ity” the entire regular force of editors and reporters abdicated that day in favor of the woman’s club and the Christmas number of the great daily was brought out under the sole management of that enterprising and courageous body of women. It is safe to say that the de- mand for that issue of the News was unprecedented and that Christmas morning brought a veritable “snap” to Denver newsboys. The cartoon on the first page pictures, flying from tho hand of the editor, 6even carrier pigeons bearing budgets marked respectively, temperance, philan- thropy, equal suffrage, reform, humanity, good govern- ment and free coinage. Besides the ordinary news of the day — political, social, business, religious — the paper has many unique features. One is a “man’s page,” wherein “facts, fancies, faults, foibles, fads and fashions” pertain- ing to masculinity are given proper attention. It has also, we are pleased to note, a W. C. T. U. column in which the state W. C. T. U. secretary ably sets forth the purpose and work of our organization in general and that of Col- orado W. C. T. U. in particular. On Duty. < liph * 1 O (26) THE UNION SIGNAL. January 10, 1895. World’s w. C. W. 71 MOTTO: “For God and Home and Every Land Object: To unify the methods of woman’s temperance work the world over. Radge: A knot of white ribbon. Iloun of Prayer: Noon. Methods: Af.itate, educate, organize. Departments: Preventive, educational, evangelistic, social and legal. The Polyglot Petition has been circulated throughout the world and signed by representatives of over forty countries. It asks for the outlawing of the alcohol and opium trade and the system of legalized vice. The chief auxiliaries of the W. W. C. T. I’.nre the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Australia, South Africa, India, Japan and the Sandwich Islands. MISS JESSIE ACKERMANN. First Australasian President. That great movement among women, the most active development of which has been the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union, was in its rudimentary state when our second round-the-world missionary came to us. The seed planted in faitli by her predecessor was still alive in the colonies she had visited, but it was just at the stage need- ing impetus from a heart bounding with high enthusiasm and tilled with strong, loving impulses, generous self- renouncement, faitti in God and indomitable courage, added to a deep sympathy with human nature, a keen, steady brain, calm judgment and unswerving loyalty to •the cause. These qualities, and many more, our young missionary brought to these shores. The work itself was arduous; prejudices against any kind of innovation which should unveil and uncloister the lives of women were rife; finances 1o carry on the work doubtful indeed, except to the over- mastering faith of a few who simply “asked and received.” MISS JESSIE ACKERMANN. Difficulties peculiar to a young nation confronted our leader, calling out her utmost tact and skillful generalship. Women held back, men tried to frown the movement, and Sometimes our sister’s way was “hedged in.” Then she had to reckon with the fact of the almost uni- versal ignorance of women on parliamentary matters, and their consequent incapacity to take an all-round view of business methods. It was hers to call some who were ready, and who took to the training with marvelous facility; but many others needed a much longer appren- ticeship before they saw into the heart gf things; but Miss Ackermann was endued with large patience and sym- pathy and wonderful administrative abilities; besides — she had counted God in her affairs, and she who does this must succeed. “Thrice blest is he to whom is given The instinct that can tell, That God is on the field when He Is most invisible.” That sweet inner consciousness of which the poet speaks must have been a special attribute with our missionary; for in spite of all obstacles she went on bravely, over- coming prejudice, and letting out all her energies for the building up of her beloved cause. Her splendid physique gave .ample evidence of the large reserves of vitality she contained, and those of us who in 1889 saw her upright form, the picture of health and animation, and heard her eloquent appeals to heart, will and judgment, spoken straight from her own great soul in all the strength of hope and high emprise, feel somewhat saddened at the thought that the tension and burdens of her office have aged her beyond her years, and that she leaves us with much of her physical spring relaxed, through her “jour- neyings oft, and perils by the way.” That her mental vigor has in no wise abated we rejoice, and point, iu proof of this, to her magnificent address to the triennial convention last March. To the women of these colonies that masterpiece is an inspiration; and our dear late pres- ident leaves us crowned with the deathless bays of a renown granted to few women. For her works’ sake we give her high honor, for that work well and nobly done, we thank God; for her rich qualities of mind and heart we are glad to have had her among us; while for her own self’s sake we enshrine her in the sunniest corner ©f our heart of hearts. Coming to South Australia in 1889, she formed in Ade- laide a colonial union; and that the work has been solid and enduring, no one having the remotest acquaintance with the doings of the sixth annual convention held re- cently in Adelaide would be heard to gainsay. In 1891 she organized a colonial union in Tasmania, which is steadily advancing. Miss Ackermann has labored untiringly in each of the colonies, organizing unions, strengthening and consolidating the work and leading the workers on to vic- tories and triumphs; but she is absolutely the mother of the cause in West Australia. With what self-denying zeal she carried the principles of our glorious union into that western land, and how she labored there, winning troops of admirers and many solid and enthusiastic friendships, I have not space to relate. She organized a colonial union in Perth in 1892, and it has just held a triumphantly successful third convention. In many indirect ways also her work in that colony and her influence have been revealed. Many cases of rescue from the perils of drunkenness and of safe anchorage to the Rock of Ages come under notice from time to time, and West Australia has reason to bless God for the visit of Jessie Ackermann. Fain would Australasia have re- tained so gifted a woman, so enthusiastic and reliable a worker, so good a chief; but in the overruling of that Providence who “runneth not on broken wheels,” the vis- ible links of association had to be severed and the regret- ful farewell said. We have parted from her with loving, mutual good-will and trust, with ardent wishes for a life of blessed work in her native land. “God be with her till we meet again! Keep Love’s banner floating o’er her,” and grant us all a happy reunion in the “Land of the Leal.” This sketch would scarcely be complete did I omit to mention the gift of £1,000 which was offered to Miss Ack- ermann, from two grateful hearts, in memory of her blessed influence over their lives, she having been instru- mental in their reclamation from the perils of strong drink. Much adverse criticism, and a rather garbled account of the transaction have gone the rounds of soci- ety; but these are the facts. And when, at the second triennial convention held last March in Sydney, New South Wales, our present Australasian president, Mrs. Nicholls, made the presentation of this gift, which was intended to purchase a home for her, if ever she needed one, Mi6s Ackermann, while feelingly speaking of her work and the love which had been expressed to her, said she preferred not to accept so large a sum for her own use, but hoped the donors would allow it to form a nucleus for Australa- sian national headquarters. A purse of sovereigns, a small tribute from personal friends, she gladly accepted. It is the general hope of Miss Ackermann’s best friends who know how she has labored, being an entirely unsala- ried officer, and raising by her own efforts the funds for her own needs as well as for the needs of the work, that she may be induced to reconsider her decision; as the fact of the gift being the outcome of loving personal gratitude should place it entirely outside the category of ordinary presentations. I conclude this, which to me has been a pleasing duty with prayers for white ribbon work and workers, the whole world over. J. A. Clatworthy, South Australian Colonial Reporter, MRS. E. W. NICHOLLS. Present Australasian President. Elizabeth Webb Nicholls, the eldest daughter of Samuel and Mary A. Bakewell, pioneer colonists of South Aus- tralia, was born in Adelaide on February 21, 1850. She owes much to hereditary influences, her father being re- fined, gentle, philanthropic, and an earnest Christian worker, one of a family which through many generations has been religious and literary, with more than average ability and excellence. Her mother, sensitive and devout in spirit, who died when her daughter was but three years old, was a descendant of worthy Christian people. It was, therefore, but natural that the subject of our sketch should early enter the ranks of Christian service, which she did at the age of fifteen by joining the Wesleyan Methodist Church, of which she is still a member, and in which she has always been an active worker. Her marriage in 1870 to Mr. A. R. Nicholls, who is man- ager in a large business house, was helpful in the devel- opment of her Christian character, for Mr. Nicholls is an enthusiastic Sunday-school worker, was a total abstainer previous to their marriage, and is in entire sympathy with the aims and methods of the Woman’s Christian Temper- ance Union. Their four sons and one daughter are like- minded with their parents, the hereditary yearning for the salvation \>f others being conspicuous in the eldest son, who has just been accepted by the China Inland Mission for work in that dark land, and the literary taste in their third son who took his B. A. degree at the Adelaide Uni- versity at the early age of nineteen years. Mrs. Nicholls first became a total abstainer in 1875, but was unwilling to sign a pledge, until, for the sake of ex- ample in the Sunday-school, she did so in connection with a Band of Hope. This act was not performed on ^he im- pulse of the moment, but was the outcome of gradual conviction, and also of keen personal observation and oc- casional conversation with temperance workers. She first came into touch with the W. C. T. U. during Mrs. Leavitt’s meetings, held in Adelaide in 1886, and, attracted by its refined and Christian character, she became identified with the organization three months later. The first office Mrs. Nicholls held was that of president of the Adelaide union, the only one then in the colony, and in 1889, when the first colonial convention was held, she was elected Colo- nial president, and the white-ribboners found her to be such a capable and reliable officer that she has been annu- ally elected to thig office ever since. During the Australasian convention held in Sydney last April perhaps the question which most occupied the minds of all present was that of finding a successor to dear Miss Ackermann, who had been an almost ideal president. Great excitement prevailed, and it was only after a prayer- meeting had been held, which was attended by about sixty women, who poured out their hearts to God in earnest prayer for guidance and wisdom, the moral storm abated, and all seemed peacefully to await the issue of events, MR8. E. W. NIOHOLL8. fully believing they would be led by the never-failing Guide at this critical juncture in the hfstory of their work. When the poll was declared it was found that Mrs. E. W. Nicholls was elected to the very honorable and onerous position of Australasian president, a result that seemed to give general satisfaction. The newly elected Australasian president was soon the recipient of numerous congratula- tory letters and telegrams from all the different colonies, and at a large public meeting held in Sydney, the presi- dent of each colony, in behalf of her sister white-ribboners pledged her sympathy and loyalty to their future lender. There is no doubt that Mrs. Nicholls is a God-given A cream of tartar baking powder. Highest of all in leavening strength. — Latest L/nited States Governmeyit Food Report. Royal Baking Powder Co., 106 Wall St., N.Y. January 10, 1895. THE UNION SIGNAL. (27) 11 officer. Filled with the love of Christ and holy zeal, possessing a great amount of or- ganizing business and literary ability, she is a fitting leader of the Australasian white- ribbon host. In business Mrs. Nicholls is our Australian Mrs. Carse, and as a speaker she gains in favor with her audience, and being a well read woman, her addresses are nvariably good from a literary point of view, yirp Nicholls has held no less than ten offices in the W. C. T. U. in South Aus- tralia; has been a member of the executive of the Suffrage League since 1889, and a member of the executive of the South Aus- tralian Alliance ever since women were ad- mitted in 1891. She has a striking person- ality, is of dignified appearance, medium height and full figure, with a fine head and a pleasant face, which inspires love and confidence. Mrs. Nicholls’ genial disposi- tion and quick sense of humor often bright- ens what might otherwise be uninteresting business details. Her views are very broad, and her quick grasp of details remarkable. Miss Ackermann, who has traveled over all Austral iaj says that Mrs. Nicholls has a more complete knowledge of parliamentary usage than any other woman in the colonies, a fit- ting qualification for the one who was chosen in April last as the Australasian leader of “the greatest woman’s organization of the century.” May the Australasian “chieftain” long be spared, and may she be abundantly blessed in her “work of faith and labor of love.” Flora B. Harris. Brisbane , Queensland. AUSTRALASIAN W. C. T. U. Hoping to reach and interest many whose sympathies are not with us, we have ar- ranged to have a W. C. T. U. exhibit at the Ta§inahian International Exhibition, open- ing in November at Hobart. The Austra- lasian officers have cooperated with Mrs. Blair, the colonial president of Tasmania, and the result will be au effective display of banners, photographs, etc., sent by the different colonies. Photographs of the Australasian officers, vice presidents and superintendents enclosed in one frame and suitably inscribed, will occupy a place of honor, and copies of the Australasian and colonial reports, with literature, will be dis- tributed among the Visitors. South Austra- lia has sent the World’s Declaration of Prin- ciples and the World’s Petition, glazed and mounted on rollers. Miss A. L. A. Muroutt’s record for her first quarter as Australasian organizer, shows that during her stay in Western Aus- tralia she visited twenty-three towns, gave fifty-nine addresses and nineteeu lectures, besides filling five pulpits and conducting ten evangelistic services. Being also re- cording secretary for the Western Austra- lian W. C. T. U., she helped the colonial and local unions financially, and gave an impetus to white ribbon work generally. So highly appreciated were her efforts on behalf of the colonial convention, held in September, that a special resolution of thanks was passed and the press unstint- ingly praised her work, acknowledging that much of the success of the convention was due to her. One feature of the program was a limelight lecture on “The Rise and Progress of the W. C. T. U.,” by Miss Mur- outt, who held the interest of her large audience for two hours. Misses Vincent and Cummins, Australa- sian organizers, have visited fifty-one towns in the two quarters since their appointment and have been impressed and much encour- aged by the increased interest shown in the W. 0. T. U. throughout the colony of New South Wales since the triennial (Australa- sian) convention. They have given 137 ad- dresses each and twenty-two lectures, have enrolled 170 active and thirty-eight honor- ary members besides taking 534 other pledges. They have done well financially in spite of many difficulties owing to the general depression in business matters. Flora B. Harris, Australasian Secretary W. C. T. U. Brisbane , Queensland . WORLD’S WAVE CRESTS. Miss Alice Palmer sailed on the Union line, Steamship Guelph, leaving Cape Town about December 17, and is to reach England about January 10. By invitation of Lady Henry Somerset she will spend a few weeks in Ireland, help the work there, and plans to remain in London for the World’s W. C. T. U. Convention. Her mail should be ad- dressed to Memorial Hail, Farringdou St., London, E. C. An intercolonial temperance convention will be held in Hobart, Tasmania, during the last week of January, 1895, to consider questions bearing upon temperance work from political, educational and social stand- points. The United Temperance Council, which is arranging for this great conven- tion, consists of representatives from the W. 0. T U., I. O. G. T., Rechabites, Tem- perance Alliance, Ministers’ Association, Y M. C. A., and Y. W. C. T. U. and Sal- vation Army. • Cairo, Egypt, W. C. T. U., Miss Anna Y. Thompson, president, has passed resolu- tions on the death of our late correspond- ing secretary, Mrs. Mary A. Woodbridge, in singularly thoughtful and well chosen words. They “bear testimony to her faith- fulness as exhibited weekly in the Corre- sponding Secretary’s Corner of The Union Signal. The beautiful spiritual sentiments which she expressed in her writings, lead us to believe that she not only set the ex- ample during ‘self-denial week,’ but that her whole life was one of self-denial ‘For God, and Home, and Every Land.’ ” Miss Alice Briggs, for four years office secretary of the World’s W. C. T. U., has resigned the position which she has filled with so much ability and faithfulness. In parting with Miss Briggs for awhile, we hope not permanently, as she is an expert in the work of the World’s W. C. T. U., we desire to put on record our sincere affection and esteem for one of the most loyal white ribbon women that the movement has de- veloped. Her name is known in all coun- tries, and is loved wherever known. Our tender good wishes go with her in the en- forced rest that comes as the sequel of a long and arduous period of beneficent Christian activity. Miss Briggs is spend- ing the winter at Asheville, N. C., and will be glad to hear from friends. Hews from the tfiefd. ILLINOIS. A BRIGHT OUTLOOK. Among the encouraging signs of the times in the Illinois W. C. T. U., was the work of the press department in reporting our excellent state convention for local papers. This made a good “round-up” for last year’s ‘work, and helped to multiply results. No sooner were the records closed than plans for the coming year began to be executed. Miss Brehm, of the sixteenth district, who has a way of causing things to come to pass on short notice, was keen enough to get in the first announcement of a new union organized. No wonder it was the Keens union. It was the sixteenth dis- trict that had ninety Demorest medal con- tests last year, and a district convention of such interest that a local paper gave space in reporting, equal to a column five yards long. There must have been some pressing work in that vicinity to receive^ a press report of that length. Mrs. Kuhl, of the fifteenth district, fol- lows closely with several new unions organ- ized, and the seventeenth is always pushing ahead. The fifth, sixth and eighth have also been heard from with new unions. Mrs. Groat and Miss Morrow have held meet- ings in Warren, Savanna, Mt. Carroll and Lanark, and that means an arousement. Miss Morrow, president of the sixth dis- trict, has proposed, through the Watjcli- Tower , a plan for the establishment of a Bu- reau of Exchange, where carefully prepared papers on any line of work are requested to be sent to Mrs. Alice C. Eichelberger, of Freeport, after they have been used. Then any union desiring a public meeting can be supplied by sending to her, thus utilizing each paper several times. The scientific temperance department was fortunate in securing the right of way for Mrs. Mary H. Hunt, in many of the leading cities of the state, where good re- sults follow her addresses at educational centers, as Normal, for instance, where a thousand students gather in the State University. Mrs. Bruinbach and her assist- ant, Miss Morrow, keep at least one eye single to scientific temperance instruction interests. Warren’s school board has re- cently adrpted this line of study, the result of W. C. T. U. work. Nokomis union held a reception in honor of the teachers in the public schools, at which members of the school board and their wives were present, as were also the local editor and his wife. There was a short and interesting pro- gram. Special mention is made of the scientific temperance instruction work by Morris, Gardner and Naperville unions in the eighth district. Morris union furnishes fifty-three text-books, to be used as readers in the third grade of schools, and monthly magazines for the teachers. It furnishes The Union Signal to six pastors, and holds services in the jail, supplying read- ing matter there also. The white-ribboners of the eighth district issue a little twelve page quarterly in the interest of their work. A few advertise- ments help out the financial part of the enterprise. Joliet has been doing vigorous work among the foreign element, also in prison and jail. More than twenty-two thousand pieces of foreign and miscellaneous litera- ture were distributed last year. Bowen W. C. T. U. celebrated its tenth anniversary iroT long ago in the Congrega- tional church, and its Loyal Temperance Legion had a prominent part in the exer- cises. Aurora is -ejoicing over the fact that seven hundred boys and girls have taken the triple pledge during the twelve years of L. T. L. work there. Effingham county has 1,800 listed in its Band of Hope membership, notwithstand- ing the large foreign element there. The ^seventeenth district has done good work. J’he L. T. L. of the Central W. C. T. U. of Bloomington has $40 in the bank to its credit, the result of a fair held Recently in the interest of a mission building fund. The children “had a mind to work,” and friends gladly assisted them The Illinois L. T. L. star is still in the ascendancy. Miss Mahon, of the Y department, has sent out through The Watch Tower excellent suggestions and topics for Y meetings. Not very wise Y’s would our young women be if they fail to follow such a counselor. Miss Mahon did some good service in Blooming- ton, under the auspices of the Central union. Lockport Y’s have held a successful union service of the churches. They give also enjoyable social entertainments. Joliet Y’s have accomplished much in the anti-ciga- rette movement in the Sunday-scrfool. Camp Point has a new Y. W. C. T. U. The honOraries of the Altamont Y gave the young women a surprise at the close of one of their meetings, taking the part of enter- tainers. The girls were served to oysters, fruit, etc. Such little pleasantries brighten the way, and leave no vain regrets. Vandalia Y, that made a gain of three hundred per cent last